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Fruit pulp of the indigenous baobab tree contains significant amounts of vitamin C, which enhances non-heme\u00a0iron bioavailability. We studied the impact of baobab fruit pulp (BFP) consumption on the hemoglobin (Hb) and iron status of Kenyan schoolchildren.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The single-blind randomized controlled intervention trial was implemented daily among apparently healthy schoolchildren aged 6\u201312\u00a0years with hemoglobin level\u2009&lt;\u200912.2\u00a0g\/dl. For 12\u00a0weeks, children in the intervention group (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200929) received a drink with BFP, while the control group (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200929) received an isoenergy drink without BFP. At baseline and endline, blood samples were taken.\n<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The development of hemoglobin, ferritin (FER) and soluble transferrin receptor (sTfR) did not differ significantly between the intervention and control groups. However, in the intervention group, Hb levels improved slightly (2.2%), while they decreased slightly (1.2%) in the control group. Levels of geometric means of sTfR remained almost unchanged (0.7%) in the intervention group and slightly worsened (2.7%) in the control group. In both the groups, geometric mean of FER levels decreased, yet to a smaller extent in the intervention (17.3%) than in the control (26.0%) group.\n<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Even though no significant effects of BFP could be detected in this study, the identification of products such as BFP remains pertinent to help improve non-heme iron absorption in the most vulnerable populations.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00394-020-02447-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,23]],"date-time":"2020-12-23T09:04:04Z","timestamp":1608714244000},"page":"2617-2629","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Can the supplementary consumption of baobab (Adansonia digitata L.) fruit pulp improve the hemoglobin levels and iron status of schoolchildren in Kenya? Findings of a randomized controlled intervention trial"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"60","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5323-9902","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Esther Charlotte","family":"Evang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tsige-Yohannes","family":"Habte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7032-5674","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Willis Omondi","family":"Owino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5801-4876","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael Bernhardt","family":"Krawinkel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"2447_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(13)60937-X","volume":"382","author":"RE Black","year":"2013","unstructured":"Black RE, Victora CG, Walker SP et al (2013) Maternal and child undernutrition and overweight in low-income and middle-income countries. 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