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DASH, MD, DII and E-DII scores were derived from validated food frequency questionnaires. Correlation and multivariate-adjusted linear regression analyses with correction for multiple testing were performed to examine dietary score relationships with biomarker concentrations.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>In fully adjusted models, higher diet quality or a less pro-inflammatory diet was associated with lower concentrations of c-reactive protein, neutrophils (all dietary scores), complement component 3 [C3], interleukin 6 [IL-6], tumour necrosis factor-alpha [TNF-\u03b1], white blood cell count [WBC], the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio [NLR] (DASH, DII and E-DII), monocytes (DASH and DII) and resistin (DII and E-DII). After accounting for multiple testing, relationships with C3 (DASH: <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009\u2212\u20092.079<jats:italic>, p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.011 and DII: <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20092.521, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.036), IL-6 (DASH: <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009\u2212\u20090.063<jats:italic>, p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.011), TNF-\u03b1 (DASH: <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009\u2212\u20090.027<jats:italic>, p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.034), WBC (DASH: <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009\u2212\u20090.028<jats:italic>, p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.001 and DII: <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.029, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.02), neutrophils (DASH: <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009\u2212\u20090.041<jats:italic>, p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.001; DII: <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.043, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.007; E-DII: <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.029, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.009) and the NLR (DASH: <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009\u2212\u20090.035<jats:italic>, p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.011) persisted.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Better diet quality, determined by the DASH score, may be more closely associated with inflammatory biomarkers related to health in middle- to older-aged adults than the MD, DII and E-DII scores.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00394-022-02892-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,5]],"date-time":"2022-05-05T06:02:53Z","timestamp":1651730573000},"page":"3377-3390","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":52,"title":["Dietary score associations with markers of chronic low-grade inflammation: a cross-sectional comparative analysis of a middle- to older-aged population"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"61","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4453-8446","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Se\u00e1n R.","family":"Millar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6293-2570","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pilar","family":"Navarro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6238-7031","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Janas M.","family":"Harrington","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0441-8896","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nitin","family":"Shivappa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0677-2672","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"James R.","family":"H\u00e9bert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4965-9792","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ivan J.","family":"Perry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4916-4463","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Catherine M.","family":"Phillips","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,5]]},"reference":[{"issue":"8","key":"2892_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0134154","volume":"10","author":"SR Millar","year":"2015","unstructured":"Millar SR, Perry IJ, Phillips CM (2015) HbA1c alone is a poor indicator of cardiometabolic risk in middle-aged subjects with pre-diabetes but is suitable for type 2 diabetes diagnosis: A cross-sectional study. 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H\u00e9bert owns controlling interest in Connecting Health Innovations LLC (CHI), a company that has licensed the right to his invention of the dietary inflammatory index (DII) from the University of South Carolina to develop computer and smart phone applications for patient counselling and dietary intervention in clinical settings. Dr. Nitin Shivappa is an employee of CHI. The subject matter of this paper will not have any direct bearing on that work, nor has that activity exerted any influence on this project.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"Ethics committee approval conforming to the Declaration of Helsinki was obtained from the Clinical Research Ethics Committee of University College Cork. A letter signed by the contact GP in the clinic was sent out to all selected participants with a reply slip indicating acceptance or refusal. All participants gave signed informed consent, including permission to use their data for research purposes.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical standard"}}]}}