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We evaluated the effects of MFGM plus milk fat addition to infant formulas on docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) availability and gut development.<\/jats:p>\n            <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n              <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n              <jats:p>In Experiment 1, suckling piglets were divided into 3 groups: Group L1 (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20098): fed with a vegetal fat formula with palm oil; L2 (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20098): canola oil formula and L3 (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20098): milk fat\u2009+\u2009canola oil\u2009+\u20091% Lacprodan (3% MFGM of total protein content). In Experiment 2, Group L4 (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20097): fed with canola oil\u2009+\u20091% Lacprodan (3% MFGM) and Group L5 (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20095): milk fat\u2009+\u2009canola oil\u2009+\u20092% Lacprodan (6% MFGM). All formulas contained 0.2% DHA and 0.2% arachidonic acid.<\/jats:p>\n            <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n              <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n              <jats:p>In Experiment 1, DHA was similar among the groups in both total fatty acids and plasma phospholipids (PL). However, 3% MFGM (L3) increased significantly the proportion of DHA and LC-PUFA <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>-3 in liver total fatty acids, jejunum, and also in jejunum PL respect to the other formulas. There were no changes in gut histology, cell proliferation, apoptosis, or brain DHA content. In Experiment 2, higher MFGM dose was used. Then, higher DHA was not only found in peripheral tissues of 6% MFGM (L5) piglets but also in plasma PL, while a similar trend was observed in cortex PL (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.123).<\/jats:p>\n            <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n              <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n              <jats:p>In conclusion, MFGM plus milk fat may increase DHA availability of infant formulas which could contribute to their beneficial health effects.<\/jats:p>\n            <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00394-022-03024-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,25]],"date-time":"2022-10-25T03:37:27Z","timestamp":1666669047000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Milk fat globule membrane plus milk fat increase docosahexaenoic acid availability in infant formulas"],"prefix":"10.1007","author":[{"given":"Antonio","family":"G\u00e1zquez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mar\u00eda","family":"Sabater-Molina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"In\u00e9s","family":"Dom\u00ednguez-L\u00f3pez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mar\u00eda","family":"S\u00e1nchez-Campillo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Neus","family":"Torrento","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joan","family":"Tibau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9 A.","family":"Moreno-Mu\u00f1oz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mar\u00eda","family":"Rodr\u00edguez-Palmero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mar\u00eda C.","family":"L\u00f3pez-Sabater","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6805-3449","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elvira","family":"Larqu\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,25]]},"reference":[{"issue":"Pt 1","key":"3024_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"864","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodres.2017.08.016","volume":"100","author":"C Lopez","year":"2017","unstructured":"Lopez C, Blot M, Briard-Bion V, Cirie C, Graulet B (2017) Butter serums and buttermilks as sources of bioactive lipids from the milk fat globule membrane: differences in their lipid composition and potentialities of cow diet to increase n-3 PUFA. 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The funders had no role in the collection, analyses, or data interpretation.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"This study was approved by the Animal Care Committee at the Institute of Agrifood Research and Technology (IRTA) of Monells (Girona, Spain) and conforms the European Union Regulation of Animal Care for the care and use of animals for research.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}},{"value":"The manuscript does not contain clinical studies or patient data.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Informed consent"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}}]}}