{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T15:41:07Z","timestamp":1792597267799,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,2]],"date-time":"2026-06-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780358400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100015613","name":"Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Lille","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100015613","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur J Nutr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of mortality worldwide and is driven by atherosclerosis, which develops from a young age. Several lifestyle factors, including diet, physical activity, physical fitness, and sleep quality, influence cardiovascular health. However, limited research has investigated the association of nutritional knowledge with long-term health outcomes. This study assessed the association between adolescents\u2019 nutritional knowledge and adulthood dietary habits, physical fitness, and cardiovascular risk factors.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This longitudinal cohort study included 143 adolescents aged 12.5\u201317.5\u00a0years who were reevaluated as young adults (22\u201331\u00a0years) after a follow-up period of 10\u201314\u00a0years. The study was conducted in four European centers: Ghent (Belgium), Lille (France), Rome (Italy), and Zaragoza (Spain). Nutritional knowledge was assessed during adolescence and adulthood using the Nutritional Knowledge Test. Cardiovascular health was evaluated based on HDL and non-HDL cholesterol levels, blood pressure, body mass index, glycemia, and calculation of modified Pathobiological Determinants for Atherosclerosis in Youth (mPDAY) cardiovascular risk scores. Diet Quality Index (DQI), Planetary Health Diet Index (PHDI), ultra-processed food consumption, cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and upper-body muscular strength were also assessed. Spearman correlational analysis was used to identify associations between adolescents\u2019 nutritional knowledge and cardiovascular, dietary, and physical fitness parameters in adulthood.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Correlation analysis showed that greater nutritional knowledge during adolescence was associated with a better dietary quality in adulthood, as reflected by a higher DQI (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.004; r\u2009=\u20090.25; 95% CI [0.08\u20130.40]).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Nutritional knowledge during adolescence correlated inversely with the mPDAY cardiovascular risk score in adulthood. Cross-sectional analysis in adolescence and adulthood showed that nutritional knowledge in adolescence was not associated with cardiovascular parameters, physical fitness, or dietary quality indices during adolescence. Nutritional knowledge in adulthood was associated only with a better CRF (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.003; r\u2009=\u20090.37 [0.13\u20130.58]) in adulthood.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Nutritional knowledge during adolescence is associated with a dietary quality in adulthood, as measured by the DQI. These findings suggest that assessment of nutritional knowledge during adolescence might serve as a simple and effective tool for early identification of individuals at risk of poor dietary habits and increased cardiovascular risk. These findings also highlight the potential value of school-based interventions involving nutritional knowledge in promoting long-term cardiovascular health.<\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:italic>NCT number<\/jats:italic>\n                      : NCT02899416\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00394-026-03968-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,2]],"date-time":"2026-06-02T14:52:57Z","timestamp":1780411977000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["High nutritional knowledge during adolescence is associated with healthier dietary habits in adulthood: a longitudinal cohort study"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"65","author":[{"given":"Laurent","family":"B\u00e9ghin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jules","family":"Morcel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nathalie","family":"Michels","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M\u00e9lanie","family":"Leroy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Camille","family":"Ternynck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julien","family":"Labreuche","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefaan","family":"De Henauwn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria L.","family":"Miguel-Berges","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Angela","family":"Polito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luis A.","family":"Moreno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fr\u00e9d\u00e9ric","family":"Gottrand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,2]]},"reference":[{"issue":"23","key":"3968_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1650","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199806043382302","volume":"338","author":"GS Berenson","year":"1998","unstructured":"Berenson GS, Srinivasan SR, Bao W, Newman WP 3rd, Tracy RE, Wattigney WA (1998) Association between multiple cardiovascular risk factors and atherosclerosis in children and young adults. 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The remaining authors state no conflict of interest. The content of this article reflects only the authors\u2019 views and the European Community is not liable for any use that may be made of the information contained therein.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"The objectives were explained carefully to each participant and a written informed consent was obtained. All procedures were performed in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki [55]. The BELINDA study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Lille (Comit\u00e9 de Protection des Personnes Nord-Ouest IV, N\u00b0 CPP 16\/29) for France, the Ethics Committee of Roma (Comitato etico \u201cLAZIO 2\u201d, Studio 04\/2019) for Italy, the Ethics Committee of Ghent (Commissie voor Medische Ethiek, B670201628798, 30\/05\/2016) for Belgium and the Ethics Committee of Zaragoza (Comit\u00e9 de \u00c9tica de la Investigaci\u00f3n de la Comunidad de Arag\u00f3n, 09\/2017) for Spain. It is registered at\n                      \n                      under identifier NCT02899416.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}},{"value":"Informed consent was obtained from all subjects involved in the study.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Informed consent"}}],"article-number":"149"}}