{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,10]],"date-time":"2026-07-10T15:17:59Z","timestamp":1783696679653,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,26]],"date-time":"2026-05-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1779753600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,26]],"date-time":"2026-05-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1779753600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001635","name":"University of Limerick","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001635","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur J Nutr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Anti-inflammatory diets, such as the Mediterranean Diet (MedDiet) have shown positive effects on disease activity in Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA). The Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) has been associated with RA risk. However, the effect of improving diet quality with a MedDiet and impact on the DII and patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) has not been investigated.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To assess the effects of a MedDiet and adherence to the Irish Healthy Eating Guidelines (HEG) on change in DII and to determine whether change in DII and energy-adjusted DII (e-DII) scores is associated with improvements in PROMs in adults with RA in Ireland.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      40 Participants were randomised to a MedDiet (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200920) or a HEG intervention (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200920) for 12 weeks. DII was calculated based on food diaries collected. Between and within group data was analysed in SPSS.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Baseline e-DII was 0.99\u2009\u00b1\u20092.37, 0.79\u2009\u00b1\u20092.60, 1.20\u2009\u00b1\u20092.16 for total cohort (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200940), MedDiet, and HEG groups, respectively (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.588). e-DII significantly improved for the cohort following the MedDiet (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.022) and HEG (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.004) groups. Differences in PROMs across tertiles of e-DII change were not statistically significant, irrespective of diet assignment. Participants in the most anti-inflammatory e-DII tertile group had significantly greater intakes of omega-3 fatty acids, dietary fibre, vitamin A, vitamin E, folic acid, and beta-carotene compared to those in the pro-inflammatory tertile group (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.05).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Improving dietary quality with either a MedDiet or the Irish HEG improved e-DII scores in a cohort of people living with RA, however, no statistically significant change in PROMs were observed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00394-026-03987-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,26]],"date-time":"2026-05-26T15:35:34Z","timestamp":1779809734000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Comparison of mediterranean and healthy eating guideline interventions on the dietary inflammatory index in rheumatoid arthritis: results from a dietary randomised controlled intervention trial"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"65","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-7988-4074","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Megan","family":"Curran","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicola","family":"Canning","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ailish","family":"Wrenne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2261-9061","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tala","family":"Raad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James R.","family":"Herbert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nitin","family":"Shivappa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8562-2877","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Audrey","family":"Tierney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,26]]},"reference":[{"issue":"13","key":"3987_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1360","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2018.13103","volume":"320","author":"D Aletaha","year":"2018","unstructured":"Aletaha D, Smolen JS (2018) Diagnosis and management of rheumatoid arthritis: a review. JAMA 320(13):1360\u20131372","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"11","key":"3987_CR2","first-page":"1245","volume":"84","author":"AM Wasserman","year":"2011","unstructured":"Wasserman AM (2011) Diagnosis and management of rheumatoid arthritis. Am Family Phys 84(11):1245\u20131252","journal-title":"Am Family Phys"},{"key":"3987_CR3","unstructured":"Chauhan K, Jandu JS, Brent LH, Al\u2013 Dhahir MA (2021) Continuing Education Activity. StatPearls [Internet]; Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing: Mountain View"},{"key":"3987_CR4","unstructured":"Bevan S, Quadrello T, McGee R, Mahdon M, Vavrovsky A, Barham L Fit for work. Musculoskeletal disorders in the European workforce London: The work foundation. 2009 URL:https:\/\/www.bollettinoadapt.it\/old\/files\/document\/3704FOUNDATION_19_10.pdf"},{"issue":"23","key":"3987_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2205","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1004965","volume":"365","author":"IB McInnes","year":"2011","unstructured":"McInnes IB, Schett G (2011) The pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis. N Engl J Med 365(23):2205\u20132219","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"3987_CR6","first-page":"461","volume":"9","author":"KM Ahmed","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ahmed KM, Rashid Amen M (2021) Effectiveness of self\u2013 management educational program on quality of life and activities of daily living for patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Health Educ Health Promotion 9(5):461\u2013468","journal-title":"Health Educ Health Promotion"},{"issue":"1","key":"3987_CR7","first-page":"157","volume":"58","author":"R Martinec","year":"2019","unstructured":"Martinec R, Pinjatela R, Balen D (2019) Quality of life in patients with rheumatoid arthritis\u2013a preliminary study. Acta Clin Croatica 58(1):157","journal-title":"Acta Clin Croatica"},{"key":"3987_CR8","first-page":"CMAMD","volume":"6","author":"P Kumar","year":"2013","unstructured":"Kumar P, Banik S (2013) Pharmacotherapy options in rheumatoid arthritis. Clin Med Insights: Arthritis Musculoskelet Disorders 6:CMAMD\u2013S5558","journal-title":"Clin Med Insights: Arthritis Musculoskelet Disorders"},{"key":"3987_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"686155","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2021.686155","volume":"12","author":"J Huang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Huang J, Fu X, Chen X, Li Z, Huang Y, Liang C (2021) Promising therapeutic targets for treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Front Immunol 12:686155","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"3987_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gao Y, Zhang Y, Liu X (2020) Rheumatoid arthritis: pathogenesis and therapeutic advances. MedComm 2024;5(3):e509","DOI":"10.1002\/mco2.509"},{"key":"3987_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yap HY, Tee SZ, Wong MM, Chow SK, Peh SC, Teow SY (2018) Pathogenic Role of immune cells in rheumatoid arthritis: implications in clinical treatment and biomarker development. Cells. ;7(10)","DOI":"10.3390\/cells7100161"},{"issue":"5","key":"3987_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1456","DOI":"10.3390\/nu12051456","volume":"12","author":"C Gioia","year":"2020","unstructured":"Gioia C, Lucchino B, Tarsitano MG, Iannuccelli C, Di Franco M (2020) Dietary habits and nutrition in rheumatoid arthritis: can diet influence disease development and clinical manifestations? Nutrients 12(5):1456","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"issue":"4546","key":"3987_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"w14190","DOI":"10.4414\/smw.2015.14190","volume":"145","author":"F Oliviero","year":"2015","unstructured":"Oliviero F, Spinella P, Fiocco U, Ramonda R, Sfriso P, Punzi L (2015) How the Mediterranean diet and some of its components modulate inflammatory pathways in arthritis. Swiss Med Wkly 145(4546):w14190\u2013w","journal-title":"Swiss Med Wkly"},{"key":"3987_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s11882-013-0404-6","volume":"14","author":"A Manzel","year":"2014","unstructured":"Manzel A, Muller DN, Hafler DA, Erdman SE, Linker RA, Kleinewietfeld M (2014) Role of Western diet in inflammatory autoimmune diseases. Curr Allergy Asthma Rep 14:1\u20138","journal-title":"Curr Allergy Asthma Rep"},{"key":"3987_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3164","DOI":"10.3390\/cells10113164","volume":"10","author":"IJ Malesza","year":"2021","unstructured":"Malesza IJ, Malesza M, Walkowiak J, Mussin N, Walkowiak D, Aringazina R et al (2021) High\u2013 fat, western\u2013 style diet, systemic inflammation, and gut microbiota: a narrative review. Cells 10:3164","journal-title":"Cells"},{"key":"3987_CR16","unstructured":"Calder PC (2010) Polyunsaturated fatty acids, inflammation, and inflammatory diseases"},{"key":"3987_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Casas R, Urpi\u2013 Sard\u00e0 M, Sacanella E, Arranz S, Corella D, Casta\u00f1er O, Lamuela\u2013 Ravent\u00f3s RM, Salas\u2013 Salvad\u00f3 J, Lapetra J, Portillo MP, Estruch R (2017) Anti-inflammatory effects of the mediterranean diet in the early and late stages of atheroma plaque development. Mediators of inflammation. (1):3674390","DOI":"10.1155\/2017\/3674390"},{"key":"3987_CR18","unstructured":"Rishor\u2013 Olney CR, Hinson MR (2024) Mediterranean Diet. StatPearls. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing Copyright \u00a9 2024. StatPearls Publishing LLC."},{"key":"3987_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tsigalou C, Konstantinidis T, Paraschaki A, Stavropoulou E, Voidarou C, Bezirtzoglou E (2020) Mediterranean diet as a tool to combat inflammation and chronic diseases. Overv Biomedicines. ;8(7)","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines8070201"},{"key":"3987_CR20","unstructured":"National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) Excellence Rheumatoid arthritis in adults: management (2018) URL : https:\/\/www.nice.org.uk\/guidance\/ng100\/chapter\/recommendations"},{"issue":"10","key":"3987_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3506","DOI":"10.3390\/nu13103506","volume":"13","author":"T Raad","year":"2021","unstructured":"Raad T, Griffin A, George ES, Larkin L, Fraser A, Kennedy N et al (2021) Dietary interventions with or without omega\u2013 3 supplementation for the management of rheumatoid arthritis: a systematic review. Nutrients 13(10):3506","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"issue":"1","key":"3987_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1093\/advances\/nmab086","volume":"13","author":"L Koelman","year":"2022","unstructured":"Koelman L, Rodrigues CE, Aleksandrova K (2022) Effects of dietary patterns on biomarkers of inflammation and immune responses: a systematic review and meta\u2013 analysis of randomized controlled trials. Adv Nutr 13(1):101\u2013115","journal-title":"Adv Nutr"},{"issue":"1","key":"3987_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"631","DOI":"10.1186\/s12891-024-07742-1","volume":"25","author":"T Raad","year":"2024","unstructured":"Raad T, George E, Griffin A, Larkin L, Fraser A, Kennedy N et al (2024) Effects of a telehealth\u2013 delivered Mediterranean diet intervention in adults with Rheumatoid Arthritis (MEDRA): a randomised controlled trial. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 25(1):631","journal-title":"BMC Musculoskelet Disord"},{"key":"3987_CR24","unstructured":"HSE Healthy Eating Guidelines. [Internet]. [accessed 2025 Mar 17]. Available from: https:\/\/www.hse.ie\/eng\/about\/who\/healthwellbeing\/our\u2013 priority\u2013 programmes\/heal\/healthy\u2013eating\u2013 guidelines\/"},{"issue":"2","key":"3987_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1093\/advances\/nmy071","volume":"10","author":"JR H\u00e9bert","year":"2019","unstructured":"H\u00e9bert JR, Shivappa N, Wirth MD, Hussey JR, Hurley TG (2019) Perspective: the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII)\u2014lessons learned, improvements made, and future directions. Adv Nutr 10(2):185\u2013195","journal-title":"Adv Nutr"},{"issue":"8","key":"3987_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1689","DOI":"10.1017\/S1368980013002115","volume":"17","author":"N Shivappa","year":"2014","unstructured":"Shivappa N, Steck SE, Hurley TG, Hussey JR, H\u00e9bert JR (2014) Designing and developing a literature\u2013 derived, population\u2013 based dietary inflammatory index. Public Health Nutr 17(8):1689\u20131696","journal-title":"Public Health Nutr"},{"issue":"7","key":"3987_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2827","DOI":"10.1007\/s00394-023-03196-8","volume":"62","author":"S Charneca","year":"2023","unstructured":"Charneca S, Ferro M, Vasques J, Carolino E, Martins\u2013 Martinho J, Duarte\u2013 Monteiro AM et al (2023) The Mediterranean diet, and not dietary inflammatory index, is associated with rheumatoid arthritis disease activity, the impact of disease and functional disability. Eur J Nutr 62(7):2827\u20132839","journal-title":"Eur J Nutr"},{"key":"3987_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jandari S, Mosalmanzadeh N, Moghadam MRSF, Soleimani D, Shivappa N, H\u00e9bert JR (2021) Dietary inflammatory index and healthy eating index\u2013 2015 are associated with rheumatoid arthritis. Public health nutrition. 24(18):6007\u2013 14","DOI":"10.1017\/S1368980021001105"},{"issue":"1","key":"3987_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1186\/s12937-022-00805-w","volume":"21","author":"A Nayebi","year":"2022","unstructured":"Nayebi A, Soleimani D, Mostafaei S, Elahi N, Pahlavani N, Bagheri A et al (2022) Association between dietary inflammatory index scores and the increased disease activity of rheumatoid arthritis: a cross\u2013 sectional study. Nutr J 21(1):53","journal-title":"Nutr J"},{"key":"3987_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nutres.2018.04.006","volume":"55","author":"HL Mayr","year":"2018","unstructured":"Mayr HL, Thomas CJ, Tierney AC, Kucianski T, George ES, Ruiz\u2013 Canela M, Hebert JR, Shivappa N, Itsiopoulos C (2018) Randomization to 6\u2013 month Mediterranean diet compared with a low\u2013 fat diet leads to improvement in Dietary Inflammatory Index scores in patients with coronary heart disease: the AUSMED Heart Trial. Nutr Res 55:94\u2013107","journal-title":"Nutr Res"},{"key":"3987_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nutres.2018.04.007","volume":"55","author":"HL Mayr","year":"2018","unstructured":"Mayr HL, Itsiopoulos C, Tierney AC, Ruiz\u2013 Canela M, Hebert JR, Shivappa N, Thomas CJ (2018) Improvement in dietary inflammatory index score after 6\u2013 month dietary intervention is associated with reduction in interleukin\u2013 6 in patients with coronary heart disease: The AUSMED heart trial. Nutr Res 55:108\u2013121","journal-title":"Nutr Res"},{"issue":"9","key":"3987_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2569","DOI":"10.1002\/art.27584","volume":"62","author":"D Aletaha","year":"2010","unstructured":"Aletaha D, Neogi T, Silman AJ, Funovits J, Felson DT, Bingham Iii CO et al (2010) 2010 rheumatoid arthritis classification criteria: an American College of Rheumatology\/European League Against Rheumatism collaborative initiative. Arthr Rhuem 62(9):2569 81. (THIS WAS 27)","journal-title":"Arthr Rhuem"},{"issue":"4","key":"3987_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"465","DOI":"10.3390\/nu10040465","volume":"10","author":"ES George","year":"2018","unstructured":"George ES, Kucianski T, Mayr HL, Moschonis G, Tierney AC, Itsiopoulos C (2018) A Mediterranean diet model in Australia: strategies for translating the traditional Mediterranean diet into a multicultural setting. Nutrients 10(4):465","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"3987_CR34","unstructured":"Healthy, Ireland, Department of Health, Eat well 2016 URL (2016) : https:\/\/www.gov.ie\/en\/publication\/da7f19\u2013 eat\u2013 well\/?referrer=\/health\u2013 initiatives\/heg\/"},{"key":"3987_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Garc\u00eda\u2013 Conesa MT, Philippou E, Pafilas C, Massaro M, Quarta S, Andrade V et al (2020) Exploring the validity of the 14\u2013 item mediterranean diet adherence screener (MEDAS): a cross\u2013 national study in Seven European Countries around the Mediterranean Region. Nutrients 12(10)","DOI":"10.3390\/nu12102960"},{"issue":"9","key":"3987_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1684","DOI":"10.3945\/jn.115.229476","volume":"146","author":"R Casas","year":"2016","unstructured":"Casas R, Sacanella E, Urp\u00ed\u2013 Sard\u00e0 M, Corella D, Casta\u00f1er O, Lamuela\u2013 Raventos RM et al (2016) Long\u2013 term immunomodulatory effects of a mediterranean diet in adults at high risk of cardiovascular disease in the PREvenci\u00f3n con DIeta MEDiterr\u00e1nea (PREDIMED) Randomized Controlled Trial. J Nutr 146(9):1684\u20131693","journal-title":"J Nutr"},{"key":"3987_CR37","unstructured":"Wolfe F, Pincus T, Dekker M (1994) The Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ) Disability Index (DI) of the clinical health assessment questionnaire. rheumatoid arthritis: pathogenesis, assessment, outcome and treatment. Marcel Dekker, New York, pp 463\u2013514"},{"issue":"10","key":"3987_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1112","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/40.10.1112","volume":"40","author":"GJ Tijhuis","year":"2001","unstructured":"Tijhuis GJ, De Jong Z, Zwinderman AH, Zuijderduin WM, Jansen LMA, Hazes JMW et al (2001) The validity of the rheumatoid arthritis quality of life (RAQoL) questionnaire. Rheumatology 40(10):1112\u20131119","journal-title":"Rheumatology"},{"issue":"5","key":"3987_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"486","DOI":"10.1249\/01.MSS.0000385089.31658.45","volume":"45","author":"PA Semanik","year":"2010","unstructured":"Semanik PA, Dunlop D, Song J, Mallinson T, Ehrlich\u2013 Jone L, Feary K (2010) Validation of the yale physical activity survey in persons with rheumatoid arthritis. Med Sci Sports Exerc 45(5):486","journal-title":"Med Sci Sports Exerc"},{"issue":"1","key":"3987_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2415","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-52806-w","volume":"14","author":"H Wan","year":"2024","unstructured":"Wan H, Zhang Y, Ning Z, Liu M, Yang S (2024) Associations of cereal fiber intake with rheumatoid arthritis mediated by dietary inflammatory index: insights from NHANES 2011\u20132020. Sci Rep 14(1):2415","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"3987_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1007\/s10067-018-4261-5","volume":"38","author":"JA Sparks","year":"2019","unstructured":"Sparks JA, Barbhaiya M, Tedeschi SK, Leatherwood CL, Tabung FK, Speyer CB et al (2019) Inflammatory dietary pattern and risk of developing rheumatoid arthritis in women. Clin Rheumatol 38:243\u2013250","journal-title":"Clin Rheumatol"},{"key":"3987_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"B\u00e4cklund R, Drake I, Bergstr\u00f6m U, Compagno M, Sonestedt E, Turesson C (2023) Diet and the risk of rheumatoid arthritis\u2013a systematic literature review, Elsevier","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2022.152118"},{"issue":"11","key":"3987_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1074","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2018.05.009","volume":"17","author":"E Philippou","year":"2018","unstructured":"Philippou E, Nikiphorou E (2018) Are we really what we eat? Nutrition and its role in the onset of rheumatoid arthritis. Autoimmun Rev 17(11):1074\u20131077","journal-title":"Autoimmun rev"},{"issue":"12","key":"3987_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6477","DOI":"10.1002\/fsn3.1938","volume":"8","author":"N Mosalmanzadeh","year":"2020","unstructured":"Mosalmanzadeh N, Jandari S, Soleimani D, Shadmand Foumani Moghadam MR, Khorramrouz F, Araste A et al (2020) Major dietary patterns and food groups in relation to rheumatoid arthritis in newly diagnosed patients. Food Sci Nutr 8(12):6477\u20136486","journal-title":"Food Sci Nutr"},{"issue":"3","key":"3987_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"959","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.114.086918","volume":"100","author":"Y Hu","year":"2014","unstructured":"Hu Y, Costenbader KH, Gao X, Al\u2013 Daabil M, Sparks JA, Solomon DH et al (2014) Sugar\u2013 sweetened soda consumption and risk of developing rheumatoid arthritis in women. Am J Clin Nutr 100(3):959\u2013967","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"issue":"4","key":"3987_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.1007\/s11745-998-0225-7","volume":"33","author":"D Li","year":"1998","unstructured":"Li D, Ng A, Mann NJ, Sinclair AJ (1998) Contribution of meat fat to dietary arachidonic acid. Lipids 33(4):437\u2013440","journal-title":"Lipids"},{"key":"3987_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e10","DOI":"10.1017\/jns.2019.5","volume":"8","author":"Y Liu","year":"2019","unstructured":"6, Liu Y, Poon S, Seeman E, Hare DL, Bui M, Iuliano S (2019) Fat from dairy foods and \u2018meat\u2019 consumed within recommended levels is associated with favourable serum cholesterol levels in institutionalised older adults. J Nutr Sci 8:e10","journal-title":"J Nutr Sci"},{"key":"3987_CR48","unstructured":"IUNA. National Adult Nutrition Survey II May 2024 report 2024 URL: https:\/\/irp.cdn\u2013 website.com\/46a7ad27\/files\/uploaded\/NANS_II_Summary_Report_(May_2024).pdf"},{"key":"3987_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nutres.2017.10.014","volume":"50","author":"HL Mayr","year":"2018","unstructured":"Mayr HL, Tierney AC, Thomas CJ, Ruiz\u2013 Canela M, Radcliffe J, Itsiopoulos C (2018) Mediterranean\u2013 type diets and inflammatory markers in patients with coronary heart disease: a systematic review and meta\u2013 analysis. Nutr Res 50:10\u201324","journal-title":"Nutr Res"},{"key":"3987_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Venetsanopoulou AI, Virvili A, Koletsos N et al (2024) POS0677\u2005effectiveness of a mediterranean diet\u2013 based intervention in rheumatoid arthritis patients: a 3\u2013 month prospective study. Annals Rheumatic Dis 83:835","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2024-eular.4862"},{"issue":"2","key":"3987_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"675","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2017.02.011","volume":"37","author":"Y Matsumoto","year":"2018","unstructured":"Matsumoto Y, Sugioka Y, Tada M, Okano T, Mamoto K, Inui K et al (2018) Monounsaturated fatty acids might be key factors in the Mediterranean diet that suppress rheumatoid arthritis disease activity: the tomorrow study. Clin Nutr 37(2):675\u2013680","journal-title":"Clin Nutr"},{"issue":"2","key":"3987_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0228852","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0228852","volume":"15","author":"I Murakami","year":"2020","unstructured":"Murakami I, Murakami K, Hashimoto M, Tanaka M, Ito H, Fujii T et al (2020) Intake frequency of vegetables or seafoods negatively correlates with disease activity of rheumatoid arthritis. PLoS ONE 15(2):e0228852","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"10","key":"3987_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1913","DOI":"10.1007\/s00296-023-05382-7","volume":"43","author":"T Raad","year":"2023","unstructured":"Raad T, Griffin A, George ES, Larkin L, Fraser A, Kennedy N et al (2023) Experience and perceptions among rheumatoid arthritis patients following a telehealth\u2013 delivered dietary intervention: a qualitative study. Rheumatol Int 43(10):1913\u20131924","journal-title":"Rheumatol Int"},{"issue":"11","key":"3987_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e14792","DOI":"10.1111\/ijcp.14792","volume":"75","author":"A Tandorost","year":"2021","unstructured":"Tandorost A, Kheirouri S, Moludi J, Seyedmardani S (2021) Association of Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) with disease activity and inflammatory cytokines in the patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Int J Clin Pract 75(11):e14792","journal-title":"Int J Clin Pract"},{"key":"3987_CR55","first-page":"907","volume":"27","author":"AM Hodge","year":"2016","unstructured":"Hodge AM, Bassett JK, Shivappa N, H\u00e9bert JR, English DR, Giles GG et al (2016) Dietary inflammatory index, Mediterranean diet score, and lung cancer: a prospective study. Cancer Causes Control 27:907\u2013917","journal-title":"Cancer Causes Control"},{"issue":"1","key":"3987_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17234","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-73741-6","volume":"10","author":"O Asbaghi","year":"2020","unstructured":"Asbaghi O, Sadeghian M, Nazarian B, Sarreshtedari M, Mozaffari\u2013 Khosravi H, Maleki V et al (2020) The effect of vitamin E supplementation on selected inflammatory biomarkers in adults: a systematic review and meta\u2013 analysis of randomized clinical trials. Sci Rep 10(1):17234","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"3987_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s13075-021-02478-y","volume":"23","author":"Y Matsumoto","year":"2021","unstructured":"Matsumoto Y, Shivappa N, Sugioka Y, Tada M, Okano T, Mamoto K et al (2021) Change in dietary inflammatory index score is associated with control of long\u2013 term rheumatoid arthritis disease activity in a Japanese cohort: the TOMORROW study. Arthritis Res therapy 23:1\u201310","journal-title":"Arthritis Res therapy"},{"issue":"3","key":"3987_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.1186\/ar3885","volume":"14","author":"CM Spies","year":"2012","unstructured":"Spies CM, Straub RH, Buttgereit F (2012) Energy metabolism and rheumatic diseases: from cell to organism. Arthritis Res Ther 14(3):216","journal-title":"Arthritis Res Ther"},{"issue":"1","key":"3987_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.5114\/reum.2015.50556","volume":"53","author":"M Gajewski","year":"2015","unstructured":"Gajewski M, Rzodkiewicz P, Wojtecka\u2013 \u0141ukasik E (2015) The role of physiological elements in the future therapies of rheumatoid arthritis. II. The relevance of energy redistribution in the process of chronic inflammation. Reumatologia 53(1):40\u201345","journal-title":"Reumatologia"},{"issue":"7","key":"3987_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103333","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2023.103333","volume":"22","author":"E Nikiphorou","year":"2023","unstructured":"Nikiphorou E, Philippou E (2023) Nutrition and its role in prevention and management of rheumatoid arthritis. Autoimmun Rev 22(7):103333","journal-title":"Autoimmun Rev"},{"key":"3987_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.2174\/1874312901812010019","volume":"12","author":"H Badsha","year":"2018","unstructured":"Badsha H (2018) Role of diet in influencing rheumatoid arthritis disease activity. open Rheumatol J 12:19","journal-title":"open Rheumatol J"}],"container-title":["European Journal of Nutrition"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00394-026-03987-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00394-026-03987-9","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00394-026-03987-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,10]],"date-time":"2026-07-10T15:02:20Z","timestamp":1783695740000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00394-026-03987-9"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,26]]},"references-count":61,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]}},"alternative-id":["3987"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00394-026-03987-9","relation":{},"ISSN":["1436-6207","1436-6215"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1436-6207","type":"print"},{"value":"1436-6215","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,26]]},"assertion":[{"value":"3 July 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"21 April 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"26 May 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}}],"article-number":"144"}}