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Digestibility was assessed via matrix degradation, proteolysis, and lipolysis, while microbiota composition and metabolic activity were analysed using faecal inoculum from paediatric CF donors.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Sunflower seeds and peanuts showed the highest lipolysis under CF conditions (46%), with sunflower seeds also achieving the highest proteolysis (457\u00a0mg tyrosine\/g food). Beta-diversity analyses revealed significant differences in microbiota composition after simulated colonic fermentation between the four food samples, with sunflower seeds uniquely reducing\n                      <jats:italic>Acidaminococcus<\/jats:italic>\n                      and increasing the production of linear-chain short-chain fatty acids and lactate. In contrast, almonds exhibited notably low proteolysis, potentially due to antinutritional factors.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>These findings highlight the differential digestibility and microbiota modulation of nuts and seeds under CF-specific conditions, with sunflower seeds emerging as a promising dietary component for children with CF.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00394-026-04006-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,6]],"date-time":"2026-06-06T12:49:22Z","timestamp":1780750162000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Digestibility and microbiota modulation by nuts and sunflower seeds in cystic fibrosis: an in vitro approach"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"65","author":[{"given":"Jazm\u00edn","family":"Viteri-Echeverr\u00eda","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joaquim","family":"Calvo-Lerma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ana","family":"Heredia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ana","family":"Andr\u00e9s","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Asensio-Grau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"4006_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1590\/S1415-52732010000200010","volume":"23","author":"JB Freitas","year":"2010","unstructured":"Freitas JB, Naves MMV (2010) Chemical composition of nuts and edible seeds and their relation to nutrition and health. 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