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Of the 208 live-born offspring, 114 were followed up at 9\u00a0years of age. Offspring blood samples were collected following an overnight fast, and continuous glucose monitoring data were obtained for up to 14\u00a0days. Body composition was assessed using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and magnetic resonance imaging.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Offspring in the HPLGI group exhibited 0.30\u00a0mmol\/L (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.033) higher total cholesterol, 0.24\u00a0mmol\/L (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.031) higher LDL-cholesterol, and 0.03\u00a0g\/cm\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.017) higher bone mineral density than those in the MPMGI group. LDL-cholesterol trajectories from birth to 9\u00a0years of age indicated that group differences in LDL-cholesterol increased with age and manifested later in life. Glucose homeostasis and adipose tissue mass did not differ significantly between groups.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>An HPLGI diet during pregnancy may negatively affect offspring total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol. This underscores the need to investigate the long-term consequences of high-protein diets and the underlying mechanisms.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00394-026-04032-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,8]],"date-time":"2026-07-08T11:25:00Z","timestamp":1783509900000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Maternal high-protein\/low-glycemic-index diet during pregnancy impairs offspring lipid profile\u2013a randomized controlled trial"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"65","author":[{"given":"Christina S.","family":"Mogensen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Faidon","family":"Magkos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elizaveta","family":"Chabanova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jannie W.","family":"Jensen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nina R. 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