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This evolved from the large multicentre CONDI-2\u2013ERIC\u2013PPCI outcome study which demonstrated no additional benefit when using RIC in the setting of ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). The workshop discussed how conditioning has led to a significant and fundamental understanding of the mechanisms preventing cell death following ischaemia and reperfusion, and the key target cyto-protective pathways recruited by protective interventions, such as RIC. However, the obvious need to translate this protection to the clinical setting has not materialised largely due to the disconnect between preclinical and clinical studies. Discussion points included how to adapt preclinical animal studies to mirror the patient presenting with an acute myocardial infarction, as well as how to refine patient selection in clinical studies to account for co-morbidities and ongoing therapy. These latter scenarios can modify cytoprotective signalling and need to be taken into account to allow for a more robust outcome when powered appropriately. The workshop also discussed the potential for RIC in other disease settings including ischaemic stroke, cardio-oncology and COVID-19. The workshop, therefore, put forward specific classifications which could help identify so-called responders vs. non-responders in both the preclinical and clinical settings.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00395-022-00947-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,16]],"date-time":"2022-08-16T11:55:57Z","timestamp":1660650957000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":44,"title":["Remote ischaemic conditioning: defining critical criteria for success\u2014report from the 11th Hatter Cardiovascular Workshop"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"117","author":[{"given":"R. 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DJH has received: consultant fees from Faraday Pharmaceuticals Inc. and Boehringer Ingelheim International GmbH; honoraria from Servier; and research funding from Astra Zeneca and Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp. All other authors have no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}],"article-number":"39"}}