{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T07:22:08Z","timestamp":1791271328396,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":111,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,5,7]],"date-time":"2014-05-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1399420800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Acta Neuropathol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,6]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00401-014-1287-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,5,6]],"date-time":"2014-05-06T08:19:28Z","timestamp":1399364368000},"page":"787-801","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":146,"title":["Focusing the amyloid cascade hypothesis on N-truncated Abeta peptides as drug targets against Alzheimer\u2019s disease"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"127","author":[{"given":"Thomas A.","family":"Bayer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Oliver","family":"Wirths","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,5,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"1287_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12790","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1794-11.2011","volume":"31","author":"A Alexandru","year":"2011","unstructured":"Alexandru A, Jagla W, Graubner S, Becker A, B\u00e4uscher C, Kohlmann S, Sedlmeier R, Raber KA, Cynis H, R\u00f6nicke R, Reymann KG, Petrasch-Parwez E, Hartlage-R\u00fcbsamen M, Waniek A, Rossner S, Schilling S, Osmand AP, Demuth H-U, von H\u00f6rsten S (2011) Selective hippocampal neurodegeneration in transgenic mice expressing small amounts of truncated A\u03b2 is induced by pyroglutamate-A\u03b2 formation. J Neurosci 31:12790\u201312801","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"1287_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4119","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.96.7.4119","volume":"96","author":"K Ancolio","year":"1999","unstructured":"Ancolio K, Dumanchin C, Barelli H, Warter JM, Brice A, Campion D, Frebourg T, Checler F (1999) Unusual phenotypic alteration of beta amyloid precursor protein (betaAPP) maturation by a new Val715Met betaAPP-770 mutation responsible for probable early-onset Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 96:4119\u20134124","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"1287_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1186\/2051-5960-1-56","volume":"1","author":"G Antonios","year":"2013","unstructured":"Antonios G, Saiepour N, Bouter Y, Richard BC, Paetau A, Verkkoniemi-Ahola A, Lannfelt L, Ingelsson M, Kovacs GG, Pillot T, Wirths O, Bayer TA (2013) N-truncated Abeta starting with position four: early intraneuronal accumulation and rescue of toxicity using NT4X-167, a novel monoclonal antibody. Acta Neuropathol Commun 1:56","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol Commun"},{"key":"1287_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"916","DOI":"10.1038\/78682","volume":"6","author":"F Bard","year":"2000","unstructured":"Bard F, Cannon C, Barbour R, Burke RL, Games D, Grajeda H, Guido T, Hu K, Huang J, Johnson-Wood K, Khan K, Kholodenko D, Lee M, Lieberburg I, Motter R, Nguyen M, Soriano F, Vasquez N, Weiss K, Welch B, Seubert P, Schenk D, Yednock T (2000) Peripherally administered antibodies against amyloid beta-peptide enter the central nervous system and reduce pathology in a mouse model of Alzheimer disease. Nat Med 6:916\u2013919","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"1287_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.3028","volume":"29","author":"I Benilova","year":"2012","unstructured":"Benilova I, Karran E, De Strooper B (2012) The toxic Abeta oligomer and Alzheimer\u2019s disease: an emperor in need of clothes. Nat Neurosci 29:349\u2013357","journal-title":"Nat Neurosci"},{"key":"1287_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33304","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M112.395608","volume":"287","author":"J Bien","year":"2012","unstructured":"Bien J, Jefferson T, Causevic M, Jumpertz T, Munter L, Multhaup G, Weggen S, Becker-Pauly C, Pietrzik CU (2012) The metalloprotease meprin beta generates amino terminal-truncated amyloid beta peptide species. J Biol Chem 287:33304\u201333313","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"1287_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1007\/s00401-013-1129-2","volume":"126","author":"Y Bouter","year":"2013","unstructured":"Bouter Y, Dietrich K, Wittnam JL, Rezaei-Ghaleh N, Pillot T, Papot-Couturier S, Lefebvre T, Sprenger F, Wirths O, Zweckstetter M, Bayer TA (2013) N-truncated amyloid beta (Abeta) 4\u201342 forms stable aggregates and induces acute and long-lasting behavioral deficits. Acta Neuropathol 126:189\u2013205","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol"},{"key":"1287_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"677","DOI":"10.1007\/s00401-009-0539-7","volume":"117","author":"H Breyhan","year":"2009","unstructured":"Breyhan H, Wirths O, Duan K, Marcello A, Rettig J, Bayer TA (2009) APP\/PS1KI bigenic mice develop early synaptic deficits and hippocampus atrophy. Acta Neuropathol 117:677\u2013685","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol"},{"key":"1287_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Britschgi M, Olin CE, Johns HT, Takeda-Uchimura Y, Lemieux MC, Rufibach K, Rajadas J, Zhang H, Tomooka B, Robinson WH, Clark CM, Fagan AM, Galasko DR, Holtzman DM, Jutel M, Kaye JA, Lemere CA, Leszek J, Li G, Peskind ER, Quinn JF, Yesavage JA, Ghiso JA, Wyss-Coray T (2009) Neuroprotective natural antibodies to assemblies of amyloidogenic peptides decrease with normal aging and advancing Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 106:12145\u201312150","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0904866106"},{"key":"1287_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1038\/85064","volume":"4","author":"H Cai","year":"2001","unstructured":"Cai H, Wang Y, McCarthy D, Wen H, Borchelt DR, Price DL, Wong PC (2001) BACE1 is the major beta-secretase for generation of Abeta peptides by neurons. Nat Neurosci 4:233\u2013234","journal-title":"Nat Neurosci"},{"key":"1287_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1289","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9440(10)63388-3","volume":"165","author":"C Casas","year":"2004","unstructured":"Casas C, Sergeant N, Itier JM, Blanchard V, Wirths O, van der Kolk N, Vingtdeux V, van de Steeg E, Ret G, Canton T, Drobecq H, Clark A, Bonici B, Delacourte A, Benavides J, Schmitz C, Tremp G, Bayer TA, Benoit P, Pradier L (2004) Massive CA1\/2 neuronal loss with intraneuronal and N-terminal truncated Abeta 42 accumulation in a novel Alzheimer transgenic model. Am J Pathol 165:1289\u20131300","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"key":"1287_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1131","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1471-4159.2000.741131.x","volume":"74","author":"R Cescato","year":"2000","unstructured":"Cescato R, Dumermuth E, Spiess M, Paganetti PA (2000) Increased generation of alternatively cleaved beta-amyloid peptides in cells expressing mutants of the amyloid precursor protein defective in endocytosis. J Neurochem 74:1131\u20131139","journal-title":"J Neurochem"},{"key":"1287_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7405","DOI":"10.1021\/bi800250p","volume":"47","author":"H Cynis","year":"2008","unstructured":"Cynis H, Scheel E, Saido TC, Schilling S, Demuth HU (2008) Amyloidogenic processing of amyloid precursor protein: evidence of a pivotal role of glutaminyl cyclase in generation of pyroglutamate-modified amyloid-beta. Biochemistry 47:7405\u20137413","journal-title":"Biochemistry"},{"key":"1287_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"545","DOI":"10.1002\/emmm.201100158","volume":"3","author":"H Cynis","year":"2011","unstructured":"Cynis H, Hoffmann T, Friedrich D, Kehlen A, Gans K, Kleinschmidt M, Rahfeld J-U, Wolf R, Wermann M, Stephan A, Haegele M, Sedlmeier R, Graubner S, Jagla W, M\u00fcller A, Eichentopf R, Heiser U, Seifert F, Quax PHA, de Vries MR, Hesse I, Trautwein D, Wollert U, Berg S, Freyse E-J, Schilling S, Demuth H-U (2011) The isoenzyme of glutaminyl cyclase is an important regulator of monocyte infiltration under inflammatory conditions. EMBO Mol Med 3:545\u2013558","journal-title":"EMBO Mol Med"},{"key":"1287_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"721","DOI":"10.1016\/S0197-4580(01)00245-7","volume":"22","author":"P Das","year":"2001","unstructured":"Das P, Murphy MP, Younkin LH, Younkin SG, Golde TE (2001) Reduced effectiveness of Abeta1-42 immunization in APP transgenic mice with significant amyloid deposition. Neurobiol Aging 22:721\u2013727","journal-title":"Neurobiol Aging"},{"key":"1287_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8532","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.23-24-08532.2003","volume":"23","author":"P Das","year":"2003","unstructured":"Das P, Howard V, Loosbrock N, Dickson D, Murphy MP, Golde TE (2003) Amyloid-beta immunization effectively reduces amyloid deposition in FcRgamma\u2212\/\u2212 knock-out mice. J Neurosci 23:8532\u20138538","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"1287_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8850","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.151261398","volume":"98","author":"RB DeMattos","year":"2001","unstructured":"DeMattos RB, Bales KR, Cummins DJ, Dodart JC, Paul SM, Holtzman DM (2001) Peripheral anti-Abeta antibody alters CNS and plasma Abeta clearance and decreases brain Abeta burden in a mouse model of Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 98:8850\u20138855","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"1287_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"908","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2012.10.029","volume":"76","author":"RB Demattos","year":"2012","unstructured":"Demattos RB, Lu J, Tang Y, Racke MM, Delong CA, Tzaferis JA, Hole JT, Forster BM, McDonnell PC, Liu F, Kinley RD, Jordan WH, Hutton ML (2012) A plaque-specific antibody clears existing beta-amyloid plaques in Alzheimer\u2019s disease mice. Neuron 76:908\u2013920","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"1287_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"452","DOI":"10.1038\/nn842","volume":"5","author":"JC Dodart","year":"2002","unstructured":"Dodart JC, Bales KR, Gannon KS, Greene SJ, DeMattos RB, Mathis C, DeLong CA, Wu S, Wu X, Holtzman DM, Paul SM (2002) Immunization reverses memory deficits without reducing brain Abeta burden in Alzheimer\u2019s disease model. Nat Neurosci 5:452\u2013457","journal-title":"Nat Neurosci"},{"key":"1287_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1166657","volume":"324","author":"JM Donlea","year":"2009","unstructured":"Donlea JM, Ramanan N, Shaw PJ (2009) Use-dependent plasticity in clock neurons regulates sleep need in Drosophila. Science 324:105\u2013108","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"1287_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1212\/01.WNL.0000106823.72493.FF","volume":"62","author":"JS Elkins","year":"2004","unstructured":"Elkins JS, Douglas VC, Johnston SC (2004) Alzheimer disease risk and genetic variation in ACE: a meta-analysis. Neurology 62:363\u2013368","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"1287_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1159\/000335913","volume":"10","author":"JL Frost","year":"2012","unstructured":"Frost JL, Liu B, Kleinschmidt M, Schilling S, Demuth HU, Lemere CA (2012) Passive immunization against pyroglutamate-3 amyloid-beta reduces plaque burden in Alzheimer-like transgenic mice: a pilot study. Neurodegener Dis 10:265\u2013270","journal-title":"Neurodegener Dis"},{"key":"1287_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2013.05.005","volume":"183","author":"JL Frost","year":"2013","unstructured":"Frost JL, Le KX, Cynis H, Ekpo E, Kleinschmidt M, Palmour RM, Ervin FR, Snigdha S, Cotman CW, Saido TC, Vassar RJ, St George-Hyslop P, Ikezu T, Schilling S, Demuth HU, Lemere CA (2013) Pyroglutamate-3 amyloid-beta deposition in the brains of humans, non-human primates, canines, and Alzheimer disease-like transgenic mouse models. Am J Pathol 183:369\u2013381","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"key":"1287_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1166673","volume":"324","author":"GF Gilestro","year":"2009","unstructured":"Gilestro GF, Tononi G, Cirelli C (2009) Widespread changes in synaptic markers as a function of sleep and wakefulness in Drosophila. Science 324:109\u2013112","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"1287_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1553","DOI":"10.1212\/01.WNL.0000159740.16984.3C","volume":"64","author":"S Gilman","year":"2005","unstructured":"Gilman S, Koller M, Black RS, Jenkins L, Griffith SG, Fox NC, Eisner L, Kirby L, Rovira MB, Forette F, Orgogozo JM (2005) Clinical effects of Abeta immunization (AN1792) in patients with AD in an interrupted trial. Neurology 64:1553\u20131562","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"1287_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"885","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-291X(84)80190-4","volume":"120","author":"GG Glenner","year":"1984","unstructured":"Glenner GG, Wong CW (1984) Alzheimer\u2019s disease: initial report of the purification and characterization of a novel cerebrovascular amyloid protein. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 120:885\u2013890","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"},{"key":"1287_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9440(10)64700-1","volume":"156","author":"GK Gouras","year":"2000","unstructured":"Gouras GK, Tsai J, Naslund J, Vincent B, Edgar M, Checler F, Greenfield JP, Haroutunian V, Buxbaum JD, Xu H, Greengard P, Relkin NR (2000) Intraneuronal Abeta42 accumulation in human brain. Am J Pathol 156:15\u201320","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"key":"1287_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2006.08.027","volume":"143","author":"A G\u00fcntert","year":"2006","unstructured":"G\u00fcntert A, Dobeli H, Bohrmann B (2006) High sensitivity analysis of amyloid-beta peptide composition in amyloid deposits from human and PS2APP mouse brain. Neuroscience 143:461\u2013475","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"1287_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1186\/1750-1326-9-13","volume":"9","author":"E Guzman","year":"2014","unstructured":"Guzman E, Bouter Y, Richard B, Lannfelt L, Ingelsson M, Paetau A, Verkkoniemi-Ahola A, Wirths O, Bayer T (2014) Abundance of Abeta5\u2013x like immunoreactivity in transgenic 5XFAD, APP\/PS1KI and 3xTG mice, sporadic and familial Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Molecular Neurodegeneration 9:13","journal-title":"Molecular Neurodegeneration"},{"key":"1287_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"322","DOI":"10.1038\/359322a0","volume":"359","author":"C Haass","year":"1992","unstructured":"Haass C, Schlossmacher MG, Hung AY, Vigo Pelfrey C, Mellon A, Ostaszewski BL, Lieberburg I, Koo EH, Schenk D, Teplow DB, Selkoe DJ (1992) Amyloid beta-peptide is produced by cultured cells during normal metabolism. Nature 359:322\u2013325","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"1287_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1564","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.91.4.1564","volume":"91","author":"C Haass","year":"1994","unstructured":"Haass C, Koo EH, Teplow DB, Selkoe DJ (1994) Polarized secretion of beta-amyloid precursor protein and amyloid beta-peptide in MDCK cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 91:1564\u20131568","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"1287_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1038\/nrm2101","volume":"8","author":"C Haass","year":"2007","unstructured":"Haass C, Selkoe DJ (2007) Soluble protein oligomers in neurodegeneration: lessons from the Alzheimer\u2019s amyloid beta-peptide. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 8:101\u2013112","journal-title":"Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol"},{"key":"1287_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jchemneu.2010.03.006","volume":"40","author":"W H\u00e4rtig","year":"2010","unstructured":"H\u00e4rtig W, Goldhammer S, Bauer U, Wegner F, Wirths O, Bayer TA, Grosche J (2010) Concomitant detection of beta-amyloid peptides with N-terminal truncation and different C-terminal endings in cortical plaques from cases with Alzheimer\u2019s disease, senile monkeys and triple transgenic mice. J Chem Neuroanat 40:82\u201392","journal-title":"J Chem Neuroanat"},{"key":"1287_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(08)61075-2","volume":"372","author":"C Holmes","year":"2008","unstructured":"Holmes C, Boche D, Wilkinson D, Yadegarfar G, Hopkins V, Bayer A, Jones RW, Bullock R, Love S, Neal JW, Zotova E, Nicoll JAR (2008) Long-term effects of A\u03b242 immunisation in Alzheimer\u2019s disease: follow-up of a randomised, placebo-controlled phase I trial. Lancet 372:216\u2013223","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"1287_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"647","DOI":"10.1016\/0196-9781(95)00021-B","volume":"16","author":"S Howell","year":"1995","unstructured":"Howell S, Nalbantoglu J, Crine P (1995) Neutral endopeptidase can hydrolyze beta-amyloid (1\u201340) but shows no effect on beta-amyloid precursor protein metabolism. Peptides 16:647\u2013652","journal-title":"Peptides"},{"key":"1287_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"831","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2006.10.035","volume":"52","author":"H Hsieh","year":"2006","unstructured":"Hsieh H, Boehm J, Sato C, Iwatsubo T, Tomita T, Sisodia S, Malinow R (2006) AMPAR removal underlies A\u03b2-induced synaptic depression and dendritic spine loss. Neuron 52:831\u2013843","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"1287_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47863","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M104068200","volume":"276","author":"J Hu","year":"2001","unstructured":"Hu J, Igarashi A, Kamata M, Nakagawa H (2001) Angiotensin-converting enzyme degrades Alzheimer amyloid beta-peptide (Abeta); retards Abeta aggregation, deposition, fibril formation; and inhibits cytotoxicity. J Biol Chem 276:47863\u201347868","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"1287_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1550","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1059946","volume":"292","author":"N Iwata","year":"2001","unstructured":"Iwata N, Tsubuki S, Takaki Y, Shirotani K, Lu B, Gerard NP, Gerard C, Hama E, Lee HJ, Saido TC (2001) Metabolic regulation of brain Abeta by neprilysin. Science 292:1550\u20131552","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"1287_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1369","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.2009.06420.x","volume":"111","author":"S Jager","year":"2009","unstructured":"Jager S, Leuchtenberger S, Martin A, Czirr E, Wesselowski J, Dieckmann M, Waldron E, Korth C, Koo EH, Heneka M, Weggen S, Pietrzik CU (2009) Alpha-secretase mediated conversion of the amyloid precursor protein derived membrane stub C99 to C83 limits Abeta generation. J Neurochem 111:1369\u20131382","journal-title":"J Neurochem"},{"key":"1287_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"196.e129","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2010.05.027","volume":"33","author":"S Jawhar","year":"2012","unstructured":"Jawhar S, Trawicka A, Jenneckens C, Bayer TA (2012) Motor deficits, neuron loss, and reduced anxiety coinciding with axonal degeneration and intraneuronal Abeta aggregation in the 5XFAD mouse model of Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Neurobiol Aging 33:196.e129\u2013196.e140","journal-title":"Neurobiol Aging"},{"key":"1287_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"922","DOI":"10.1021\/bi015685+","volume":"41","author":"W Kalback","year":"2002","unstructured":"Kalback W, Watson MD, Kokjohn TA, Kuo YM, Weiss N, Luehrs DC, Lopez J, Brune D, Sisodia SS, Staufenbiel M, Emmerling M, Roher AE (2002) APP transgenic mice Tg2576 accumulate Abeta peptides that are distinct from the chemically modified and insoluble peptides deposited in Alzheimer\u2019s disease senile plaques. Biochemistry 41:922\u2013928","journal-title":"Biochemistry"},{"key":"1287_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"925","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-6273(03)00124-7","volume":"37","author":"F Kamenetz","year":"2003","unstructured":"Kamenetz F, Tomita T, Hsieh H, Seabrook G, Borchelt D, Iwatsubo T, Sisodia S, Malinow R (2003) APP processing and synaptic function. Neuron 37:925\u2013937","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"1287_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1005","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1180962","volume":"326","author":"J-E Kang","year":"2009","unstructured":"Kang J-E, Lim MM, Bateman RJ, Lee JJ, Smyth LP, Cirrito JR, Fujiki N, Nishino S, Holtzman DM (2009) Amyloid-\u03b2 dynamics are regulated by orexin and the sleep\u2013wake cycle. Science 326:1005\u20131007","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"1287_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"372","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.21-02-00372.2001","volume":"21","author":"T Kawarabayashi","year":"2001","unstructured":"Kawarabayashi T, Younkin L, Saido T, Shoji M, Ashe K, Younkin S (2001) Age-dependent changes in brain, CSF, and plasma amyloid (beta) protein in the Tg2576 transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer\u2019s disease. J Neurosci 21:372\u2013381","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"1287_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4033","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1219605110","volume":"110","author":"HW Kessels","year":"2013","unstructured":"Kessels HW, Nabavi S, Malinow R (2013) Metabotropic NMDA receptor function is required for \u03b2-amyloid-induced synaptic depression. Proc Natl Acad Sci 110:4033\u20134038","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci"},{"key":"1287_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"556","DOI":"10.1038\/nm1234","volume":"11","author":"I Klyubin","year":"2005","unstructured":"Klyubin I, Walsh DM, Lemere CA, Cullen WK, Shankar GM, Betts V, Spooner ET, Jiang L, Anwyl R, Selkoe DJ, Rowan MJ (2005) Amyloid beta protein immunotherapy neutralizes Abeta oligomers that disrupt synaptic plasticity in vivo. Nat Med 11:556\u2013561","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"1287_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37314","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M305627200","volume":"278","author":"MA Leissring","year":"2003","unstructured":"Leissring MA, Lu A, Condron MM, Teplow DB, Stein RL, Farris W, Selkoe DJ (2003) Kinetics of amyloid beta-protein degradation determined by novel fluorescence- and fluorescence polarization-based assays. J Biol Chem 278:37314\u201337320","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"1287_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1006\/nbdi.1996.0003","volume":"3","author":"CA Lemere","year":"1996","unstructured":"Lemere CA, Blusztajn JK, Yamaguchi H, Wisniewski T, Saido TC, Selkoe DJ (1996) Sequence of deposition of heterogeneous amyloid beta-peptides and APO E in Down syndrome: implications for initial events in amyloid plaque formation. Neurobiol Dis 3:16\u201332","journal-title":"Neurobiol Dis"},{"key":"1287_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1016\/S0079-6123(09)17506-4","volume":"175","author":"CA Lemere","year":"2009","unstructured":"Lemere CA (2009) Developing novel immunogens for a safe and effective Alzheimer\u2019s disease vaccine. Prog Brain Res 175:83\u201393","journal-title":"Prog Brain Res"},{"key":"1287_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI25410","volume":"116","author":"Y Levites","year":"2006","unstructured":"Levites Y, Das P, Price RW, Rochette MJ, Kostura LA, McGowan EM, Murphy MP, Golde TE (2006) Anti-Abeta42- and anti-Abeta40-specific mAbs attenuate amyloid deposition in an Alzheimer disease mouse model. J Clin Invest 116:193\u2013201","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"1287_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2990.2006.00696.x","volume":"32","author":"H Lewis","year":"2006","unstructured":"Lewis H, Beher D, Cookson N, Oakley A, Piggott M, Morris CM, Jaros E, Perry R, Ince P, Kenny RA, Ballard CG, Shearman MS, Kalaria RN (2006) Quantification of Alzheimer pathology in ageing and dementia: age-related accumulation of amyloid-\u03b2 (42) peptide in vascular dementia. Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol 32:103\u2013118","journal-title":"Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol"},{"key":"1287_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28917","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M109.050856","volume":"284","author":"MC Liao","year":"2009","unstructured":"Liao MC, Ahmed M, Smith SO, Van Nostrand WE (2009) Degradation of amyloid beta protein by purified myelin basic protein. J Biol Chem 284:28917\u201328925","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"1287_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1007\/s00401-006-0077-5","volume":"112","author":"K Liu","year":"2006","unstructured":"Liu K, Solano I, Mann D, Lemere C, Mercken M, Trojanowski JQ, Lee VM (2006) Characterization of Abeta11\u201340\/42 peptide deposition in Alzheimer\u2019s disease and young Down\u2019s syndrome brains: implication of N-terminally truncated Abeta species in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Acta Neuropathol (Berl) 112:163\u2013174","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol (Berl)"},{"key":"1287_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30966","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)47376-0","volume":"269","author":"AC Lo","year":"1994","unstructured":"Lo AC, Haass C, Wagner SL, Teplow DB, Sisodia SS (1994) Metabolism of the \u201cSwedish\u201d amyloid precursor protein variant in Madin\u2013Darby canine kidney cells. J Biol Chem 269:30966\u201330973","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"1287_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10957","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.0673-07.2007","volume":"27","author":"J Maeda","year":"2007","unstructured":"Maeda J, Ji B, Tomiyama T, Maruyama M, Okauchi T, Staufenbiel M, Iwata N, Ono M, Saido TC, Suzuki K, Mori M, Higuchi M, Suhara T (2007) Longitudinal, quantitative assessment of amyloid, neuroinflammation and anti-amyloid treatment in a living mouse model of Alzheimer\u2019s disease enabled by PET. J Neurosci 27:10957\u201310968","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"1287_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3815","DOI":"10.1002\/pmic.200700311","volume":"7","author":"JM Maler","year":"2007","unstructured":"Maler JM, Klafki HW, Paul S, Spitzer P, Groemer TW, Henkel AW, Esselmann H, Lewczuk P, Kornhuber J, Wiltfang J (2007) Urea-based two-dimensional electrophoresis of beta-amyloid peptides in human plasma: evidence for novel Abeta species. Proteomics 7:3815\u20133820","journal-title":"Proteomics"},{"key":"1287_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1379","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2009.08.011","volume":"32","author":"A Marcello","year":"2009","unstructured":"Marcello A, Wirths O, Schneider-Axmann T, Degerman-Gunnarsson M, Lannfelt L, Bayer TA (2009) Reduced levels of IgM autoantibodies against N-truncated pyroglutamate Abeta in plasma of patients with Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Neurobiol Aging 32:1379\u20131387","journal-title":"Neurobiol Aging"},{"key":"1287_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4245","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.82.12.4245","volume":"82","author":"CL Masters","year":"1985","unstructured":"Masters CL, Simms G, Weinman NA, Multhaup G, McDonald BL, Beyreuther K (1985) Amyloid plaque core protein in Alzheimer disease and Down syndrome. Proc Natl Acad Sci 82:4245\u20134249","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci"},{"key":"1287_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e31084","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0031084","volume":"7","author":"N Mattsson","year":"2012","unstructured":"Mattsson N, Rajendran L, Zetterberg H, Gustavsson M, Andreasson U, Olsson M, Brinkmalm G, Lundkvist J, Jacobson LH, Perrot L, Neumann U, Borghys H, Mercken M, Dhuyvetter D, Jeppsson F, Blennow K, Portelius E (2012) BACE1 inhibition induces a specific cerebrospinal fluid beta-amyloid pattern that identifies drug effects in the central nervous system. PLoS One 7:e31084","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"1287_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1263","DOI":"10.1038\/nm790","volume":"8","author":"J McLaurin","year":"2002","unstructured":"McLaurin J, Cecal R, Kierstead ME, Tian X, Phinney AL, Manea M, French JE, Lambermon MH, Darabie AA, Brown ME, Janus C, Chishti MA, Horne P, Westaway D, Fraser PE, Mount HT, Przybylski M, St George-Hyslop P (2002) Therapeutically effective antibodies against amyloid-beta peptide target amyloid-beta residues 4\u201310 and inhibit cytotoxicity and fibrillogenesis. Nat Med 8:1263\u20131269","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"1287_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1302","DOI":"10.1038\/srep01302","volume":"3","author":"LA Miles","year":"2013","unstructured":"Miles LA, Crespi GAN, Doughty L, Parker MW (2013) Bapineuzumab captures the N-terminus of the Alzheimer\u2019s disease amyloid-beta peptide in a helical conformation. Sci Rep 3:1302","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"1287_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1006\/abbi.1993.1112","volume":"301","author":"DL Miller","year":"1993","unstructured":"Miller DL, Papayannopoulos IA, Styles J, Bobin SA, Lin YY, Biemann K, Iqbal K (1993) Peptide compositions of the cerebrovascular and senile plaque core amyloid deposits of Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Arch Biochem Biophys 301:41\u201352","journal-title":"Arch Biochem Biophys"},{"key":"1287_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10810","DOI":"10.1021\/bi0508237","volume":"44","author":"L Miravalle","year":"2005","unstructured":"Miravalle L, Calero M, Takao M, Roher AE, Ghetti B, Vidal R (2005) Amino-terminally truncated Abeta peptide species are the main component of cotton wool plaques. Biochemistry 44:10810\u201310821","journal-title":"Biochemistry"},{"key":"1287_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1186\/alzrt121","volume":"4","author":"BD Moore","year":"2012","unstructured":"Moore BD, Chakrabarty P, Levites Y, Kukar TL, Baine AM, Moroni T, Ladd TB, Das P, Dickson DW, Golde TE (2012) Overlapping profiles of abeta peptides in the Alzheimer\u2019s disease and pathological aging brains. Alzheimers Res Ther 4:18","journal-title":"Alzheimers Res Ther"},{"key":"1287_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"982","DOI":"10.1038\/35050116","volume":"408","author":"D Morgan","year":"2000","unstructured":"Morgan D, Diamond DM, Gottschall PE, Ugen KE, Dickey C, Hardy J, Duff K, Jantzen P, DiCarlo G, Wilcock D, Connor K, Hatcher J, Hope C, Gordon M, Arendash GW (2000) Abeta peptide vaccination prevents memory loss in an animal model of Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Nature 408:982\u2013985","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"1287_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.3109\/13506120208995241","volume":"9","author":"C Mori","year":"2002","unstructured":"Mori C, Spooner ET, Wisniewsk KE, Wisniewski TM, Yamaguch H, Saido TC, Tolan DR, Selkoe DJ, Lemere CA (2002) Intraneuronal Abeta42 accumulation in Down syndrome brain. Amyloid 9:88\u2013102","journal-title":"Amyloid"},{"key":"1287_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"244","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2006.11.010","volume":"161","author":"KS Murayama","year":"2007","unstructured":"Murayama KS, Kametani F, Tabira T, Araki W (2007) A novel monoclonal antibody specific for the amino-truncated beta-amyloid Abeta5\u201340\/42 produced from caspase-cleaved amyloid precursor protein. J Neurosci Methods 161:244\u2013249","journal-title":"J Neurosci Methods"},{"key":"1287_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8378","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.91.18.8378","volume":"91","author":"J N\u00e4slund","year":"1994","unstructured":"N\u00e4slund J, Schierhorn A, Hellman U, Lannfelt L, Roses AD, Tjernberg LO, Silberring J, Gandy SE, Winblad B, Greengard P (1994) Relative abundance of Alzheimer A beta amyloid peptide variants in Alzheimer disease and normal aging. Proc Natl Acad Sci 91:8378\u20138382","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci"},{"key":"1287_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"651","DOI":"10.1038\/nature11060","volume":"485","author":"JM Nussbaum","year":"2012","unstructured":"Nussbaum JM, Schilling S, Cynis H, Silva A, Swanson E, Wangsanut T, Tayler K, Wiltgen B, Hatami A, Ronicke R, Reymann K, Hutter-Paier B, Alexandru A, Jagla W, Graubner S, Glabe CG, Demuth H-U, Bloom GS (2012) Prion-like behaviour and tau-dependent cytotoxicity of pyroglutamylated amyloid-beta. Nature 485:651\u2013655","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"1287_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.1001\/archneurol.2009.15","volume":"66","author":"JJ Palop","year":"2009","unstructured":"Palop JJ, Mucke L (2009) Epilepsy and cognitive impairments in Alzheimer disease. Arch Neurol 66:435\u2013440","journal-title":"Arch Neurol"},{"key":"1287_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23895","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.270.41.23895","volume":"270","author":"CJ Pike","year":"1995","unstructured":"Pike CJ, Overman MJ, Cotman CW (1995) Amino-terminal deletions enhance aggregation of beta-amyloid peptides in vitro. J Biol Chem 270:23895\u201323898","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"1287_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1007\/s00401-010-0690-1","volume":"120","author":"E Portelius","year":"2010","unstructured":"Portelius E, Bogdanovic N, Gustavsson MK, Volkmann I, Brinkmalm G, Zetterberg H, Winblad B, Blennow K (2010) Mass spectrometric characterization of brain amyloid beta isoform signatures in familial and sporadic Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Acta Neuropathol 120:185\u2013193","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol"},{"key":"1287_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-2012-120994","volume":"33","author":"E Portelius","year":"2013","unstructured":"Portelius E, Olsson M, Brinkmalm G, R\u00fcetschi U, Mattsson N, Andreasson U, Gobom J, Brinkmalm A, H\u00f6ltt\u00e4 M, Blennow K, Zetterberg H (2013) Mass spectrometric characterization of amyloid-\u03b2 species in the 7PA2 cell model of Alzheimer\u2019s disease. J Alzheimers Dis 33:85\u201393","journal-title":"J Alzheimers Dis"},{"key":"1287_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"887","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awt362","volume":"137","author":"A Rijal Upadhaya","year":"2014","unstructured":"Rijal Upadhaya A, Kosterin I, Kumar S, von Arnim CA, Yamaguchi H, Fandrich M, Walter J, Thal DR (2014) Biochemical stages of amyloid-beta peptide aggregation and accumulation in the human brain and their association with symptomatic and pathologically preclinical Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Brain 137:887\u2013903","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"1287_CR75","first-page":"150ra122","volume":"4","author":"JH Roh","year":"2012","unstructured":"Roh JH, Huang Y, Bero AW, Kasten T, Stewart FR, Bateman RJ, Holtzman DM (2012) Disruption of the sleep\u2013wake cycle and diurnal fluctuation of beta-amyloid in mice with Alzheimer\u2019s disease pathology. Sci Transl Med 4:150ra122","journal-title":"Sci Transl Med"},{"key":"1287_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1002\/jms.739","volume":"40","author":"P Rufenacht","year":"2005","unstructured":"Rufenacht P, Guntert A, Bohrmann B, Ducret A, Dobeli H (2005) Quantification of the Abeta peptide in Alzheimer\u2019s plaques by laser dissection microscopy combined with mass spectrometry. J Mass Spectrom 40:193\u2013201","journal-title":"J Mass Spectrom"},{"key":"1287_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.1016\/S0014-5793(97)00564-4","volume":"409","author":"C Russo","year":"1997","unstructured":"Russo C, Saido TC, DeBusk LM, Tabaton M, Gambetti P, Teller JK (1997) Heterogeneity of water-soluble amyloid beta-peptide in Alzheimer\u2019s disease and Down\u2019s syndrome brains. FEBS Lett 409:411\u2013416","journal-title":"FEBS Lett"},{"key":"1287_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.1038\/35014735","volume":"405","author":"C Russo","year":"2000","unstructured":"Russo C, Schettini G, Saido TC, Hulette C, Lippa C, Lannfelt L, Ghetti B, Gambetti P, Tabaton M, Teller JK (2000) Presenilin-1 mutations in Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Nature 405:531\u2013532","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"1287_CR79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1480","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1471-4159.2002.01107.x","volume":"82","author":"C Russo","year":"2002","unstructured":"Russo C, Violani E, Salis S, Venezia V, Dolcini V, Damonte G, Benatti U, D\u2019Arrigo C, Patrone E, Carlo P, Schettini G (2002) Pyroglutamate-modified amyloid\u2013peptides\u2013AbetaN3(pE)\u2013\u2013strongly affect cultured neuron and astrocyte survival. J Neurochem 82:1480\u20131489","journal-title":"J Neurochem"},{"key":"1287_CR80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1016\/0896-6273(95)90301-1","volume":"14","author":"TC Saido","year":"1995","unstructured":"Saido TC, Iwatsubo T, Mann DM, Shimada H, Ihara Y, Kawashima S (1995) Dominant and differential deposition of distinct beta-amyloid peptide species, Abeta N3(pE), in senile plaques. Neuron 14:457\u2013466","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"1287_CR81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"322","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1304839","volume":"370","author":"S Salloway","year":"2014","unstructured":"Salloway S, Sperling R, Fox NC, Blennow K, Klunk W, Raskind M, Sabbagh M, Honig LS, Porsteinsson AP, Ferris S, Reichert M, Ketter N, Nejadnik B, Guenzler V, Miloslavsky M, Wang D, Lu Y, Lull J, Tudor IC, Liu E, Grundman M, Yuen E, Black R, Brashear HR (2014) Two phase three trials of bapineuzumab in mild-to-moderate Alzheimer\u2019s disease. N Engl J Med 370:322\u2013333","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"1287_CR82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1038\/22124","volume":"400","author":"D Schenk","year":"1999","unstructured":"Schenk D, Barbour R, Dunn W, Gordon G, Grajeda H, Guido T, Hu K, Huang J, Johnson-Wood K, Khan K, Kholodenko D, Lee M, Liao Z, Lieberburg I, Motter R, Mutter L, Soriano F, Shopp G, Vasquez N, Vandevert C, Walker S, Wogulis M, Yednock T, Games D, Seubert P (1999) Immunization with amyloid-beta attenuates Alzheimer-disease-like pathology in the PDAPP mouse. Nature 400:173\u2013177","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"1287_CR83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14412","DOI":"10.1002\/chem.201002878","volume":"16","author":"H Schieb","year":"2010","unstructured":"Schieb H, Weidlich S, Schlechtingen G, Linning P, Jennings G, Gruner M, Wiltfang J, Klafki HW, Knolker HJ (2010) Structural design, solid-phase synthesis and activity of membrane-anchored beta-secretase inhibitors on Abeta generation from wild-type and Swedish-mutant APP. Chemistry 16:14412\u201314423","journal-title":"Chemistry"},{"key":"1287_CR84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33747","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M111.246561","volume":"286","author":"H Schieb","year":"2011","unstructured":"Schieb H, Kratzin H, Jahn O, Mobius W, Rabe S, Staufenbiel M, Wiltfang J, Klafki HW (2011) Beta-amyloid peptide variants in brains and cerebrospinal fluid from amyloid precursor protein (APP) transgenic mice: comparison with human Alzheimer amyloid. J Biol Chem 286:33747\u201333758","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"1287_CR85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12393","DOI":"10.1021\/bi0612667","volume":"45","author":"S Schilling","year":"2006","unstructured":"Schilling S, Lauber T, Schaupp M, Manhart S, Scheel E, Bohm G, Demuth HU (2006) On the seeding and oligomerization of pGlu-amyloid peptides (in vitro). Biochemistry 45:12393\u201312399","journal-title":"Biochemistry"},{"key":"1287_CR86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1106","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.1872","volume":"14","author":"S Schilling","year":"2008","unstructured":"Schilling S, Zeitschel U, Hoffmann T, Heiser U, Francke M, Kehlen A, Holzer M, Hutter-Paier B, Prokesch M, Windisch M, Jagla W, Schlenzig D, Lindner C, Rudolph T, Reuter G, Cynis H, Montag D, Demuth HU, Rossner S (2008) Glutaminyl cyclase inhibition attenuates pyroglutamate Abeta and Alzheimer\u2019s disease-like pathology. Nat Med 14:1106\u20131111","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"1287_CR87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7072","DOI":"10.1021\/bi900818a","volume":"48","author":"D Schlenzig","year":"2009","unstructured":"Schlenzig D, Manhart S, Cinar Y, Kleinschmidt M, Hause G, Willbold D, Funke SA, Schilling S, Demuth H-U (2009) Pyroglutamate formation influences solubility and amyloidogenicity of amyloid peptides. Biochemistry 48:7072\u20137078","journal-title":"Biochemistry"},{"key":"1287_CR88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.1016\/S0962-8924(98)01363-4","volume":"8","author":"DJ Selkoe","year":"1998","unstructured":"Selkoe DJ (1998) The cell biology of beta-amyloid precursor protein and presenilin in Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Trends Cell Biol 8:447\u2013453","journal-title":"Trends Cell Biol"},{"key":"1287_CR89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"741","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.2001.81.2.741","volume":"81","author":"DJ Selkoe","year":"2001","unstructured":"Selkoe DJ (2001) Alzheimer\u2019s disease: genes, proteins, and therapy. Physiol Rev 81:741\u2013766","journal-title":"Physiol Rev"},{"key":"1287_CR90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1581","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1471-4159.2003.01818.x","volume":"85","author":"N Sergeant","year":"2003","unstructured":"Sergeant N, Bombois S, Ghestem A, Drobecq H, Kostanjevecki V, Missiaen C, Wattez A, David JP, Vanmechelen E, Sergheraert C, Delacourte A (2003) Truncated beta-amyloid peptide species in pre-clinical Alzheimer\u2019s disease as new targets for the vaccination approach. J Neurochem 85:1581\u20131591","journal-title":"J Neurochem"},{"key":"1287_CR91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"248","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.2009.05950.x","volume":"109","author":"J Sevalle","year":"2009","unstructured":"Sevalle J, Amoyel A, Robert P, Fournie-Zaluski MC, Roques B, Checler F (2009) Aminopeptidase A contributes to the N-terminal truncation of amyloid beta-peptide. J Neurochem 109:248\u2013256","journal-title":"J Neurochem"},{"key":"1287_CR92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1051","DOI":"10.1038\/nn1503","volume":"8","author":"EM Snyder","year":"2005","unstructured":"Snyder EM, Nong Y, Almeida CG, Paul S, Moran T, Choi EY, Nairn AC, Salter MW, Lombroso PJ, Gouras GK, Greengard P (2005) Regulation of NMDA receptor trafficking by amyloid-beta. Nat Neurosci 8:1051\u20131058 Epub 2005 Jul 1017","journal-title":"Nat Neurosci"},{"key":"1287_CR93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4109","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.94.8.4109","volume":"94","author":"B Solomon","year":"1997","unstructured":"Solomon B, Koppel R, Frankel D, Hanan-Aharon E (1997) Disaggregation of Alzheimer beta-amyloid by site-directed mAb. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 94:4109\u20134112","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"1287_CR94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1755","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.03-1070fje","volume":"18","author":"K Takeda","year":"2004","unstructured":"Takeda K, Araki W, Akiyama H, Tabira T (2004) Amino-truncated amyloid beta-peptide (Abeta5\u201340\/42) produced from caspase-cleaved amyloid precursor protein is deposited in Alzheimer\u2019s disease brain. Faseb J 18:1755\u20131757","journal-title":"Faseb J"},{"key":"1287_CR95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4125","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.94.8.4125","volume":"94","author":"PJ Tienari","year":"1997","unstructured":"Tienari PJ, Ida N, Ikonen E, Simons M, Weidemann A, Multhaup G, Masters CL, Dotti CG, Beyreuther K (1997) Intracellular and secreted Alzheimer beta-amyloid species are generated by distinct mechanisms in cultured hippocampal neurons. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 94:4125\u20134130","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"1287_CR96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3937","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.20-11-03937.2000","volume":"20","author":"HM Tucker","year":"2000","unstructured":"Tucker HM, Kihiko M, Caldwell JN, Wright S, Kawarabayashi T, Price D, Walker D, Scheff S, McGillis JP, Rydel RE, Estus S (2000) The plasmin system is induced by and degrades amyloid-beta aggregates. J Neurosci 20:3937\u20133946","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"1287_CR97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11570","DOI":"10.1021\/bi990610f","volume":"38","author":"WE Nostrand Van","year":"1999","unstructured":"Van Nostrand WE, Porter M (1999) Plasmin cleavage of the amyloid beta-protein: alteration of secondary structure and stimulation of tissue plasminogen activator activity. Biochemistry 38:11570\u201311576","journal-title":"Biochemistry"},{"key":"1287_CR98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"735","DOI":"10.1126\/science.286.5440.735","volume":"286","author":"R Vassar","year":"1999","unstructured":"Vassar R, Bennett BD, Babu-Khan S, Kahn S, Mendiaz EA, Denis P, Teplow DB, Ross S, Amarante P, Loeloff R, Luo Y, Fisher S, Fuller J, Edenson S, Lile J, Jarosinski MA, Biere AL, Curran E, Burgess T, Louis JC, Collins F, Treanor J, Rogers G, Citron M (1999) Beta-secretase cleavage of Alzheimer\u2019s amyloid precursor protein by the transmembrane aspartic protease BACE. Science 286:735\u2013741","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"1287_CR99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-2011-111379","volume":"29","author":"V Venkataramani","year":"2012","unstructured":"Venkataramani V, Wirths O, Budka H, Hartig W, Kovacs GG, Bayer TA (2012) Antibody 9D5 recognizes oligomeric pyroglutamate amyloid-beta in a fraction of amyloid-beta deposits in Alzheimer\u2019s disease without cross-reactivity with other protein aggregates. J Alzheimers Dis 29:361\u2013371","journal-title":"J Alzheimers Dis"},{"key":"1287_CR100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.1038\/nn2035","volume":"11","author":"VV Vyazovskiy","year":"2008","unstructured":"Vyazovskiy VV, Cirelli C, Pfister-Genskow M, Faraguna U, Tononi G (2008) Molecular and electrophysiological evidence for net synaptic potentiation in wake and depression in sleep. Nat Neurosci 11:200\u2013208","journal-title":"Nat Neurosci"},{"key":"1287_CR101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4124","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.5077-10.2011","volume":"31","author":"A Wang","year":"2011","unstructured":"Wang A, Das P, Switzer RC 3rd, Golde TE, Jankowsky JL (2011) Robust amyloid clearance in a mouse model of Alzheimer\u2019s disease provides novel insights into the mechanism of amyloid-beta immunotherapy. J Neurosci 31:4124\u20134136","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"1287_CR102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3745","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.23-09-03745.2003","volume":"23","author":"DM Wilcock","year":"2003","unstructured":"Wilcock DM, DiCarlo G, Henderson D, Jackson J, Clarke K, Ugen KE, Gordon MN, Morgan D (2003) Intracranially administered anti-\u0391\u03b2 antibodies reduce \u03b2-amyloid deposition by mechanisms both independent of and associated with microglial activation. J Neurosci 23:3745\u20133751","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"1287_CR103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16085","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.272.26.16085","volume":"272","author":"C Wild-Bode","year":"1997","unstructured":"Wild-Bode C, Yamazaki T, Capell A, Leimer U, Steiner H, Ihara Y, Haass C (1997) Intracellular generation and accumulation of amyloid beta-peptide terminating at amino acid 42. J Biol Chem 272:16085\u201316088","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"1287_CR104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42645","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M102790200","volume":"276","author":"J Wiltfang","year":"2001","unstructured":"Wiltfang J, Esselmann H, Cupers P, Neumann M, Kretzschmar H, Beyermann M, Schleuder D, Jahn H, Ruther E, Kornhuber J, Annaert W, De Strooper B, Saftig P (2001) Elevation of beta-amyloid peptide 2\u201342 in sporadic and familial Alzheimer\u2019s disease and its generation in PS1 knockout cells. J Biol Chem 276:42645\u201342657","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"1287_CR105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1689","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2006.07.021","volume":"28","author":"O Wirths","year":"2007","unstructured":"Wirths O, Weis J, Kayed R, Saido TC, Bayer TA (2007) Age-dependent axonal degeneration in an Alzheimer mouse model. Neurobiol Aging 28:1689\u20131699","journal-title":"Neurobiol Aging"},{"key":"1287_CR106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"487","DOI":"10.1007\/s00401-009-0557-5","volume":"118","author":"O Wirths","year":"2009","unstructured":"Wirths O, Breyhan H, Cynis H, Schilling S, Demuth HU, Bayer TA (2009) Intraneuronal pyroglutamate-Abeta 3\u201342 triggers neurodegeneration and lethal neurological deficits in a transgenic mouse model. Acta Neuropathol 118:487\u2013496","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol"},{"key":"1287_CR107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1007\/s00702-009-0314-x","volume":"117","author":"O Wirths","year":"2010","unstructured":"Wirths O, Bethge T, Marcello A, Harmeier A, Jawhar S, Lucassen PJ, Multhaup G, Brody DL, Esparza T, Ingelsson M, Kalimo H, Lannfelt L, Bayer TA (2010) Pyroglutamate Abeta pathology in APP\/PS1KI mice, sporadic and familial Alzheimer\u2019s disease cases. J Neural Transm 117:85\u201396","journal-title":"J Neural Transm"},{"key":"1287_CR108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41517","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M110.178707","volume":"285","author":"O Wirths","year":"2010","unstructured":"Wirths O, Erck C, Martens H, Harmeier A, Geumann C, Jawhar S, Kumar S, Multhaup G, Walter J, Ingelsson M, Degerman-Gunnarsson M, Kalimo H, Huitinga I, Lannfelt L, Bayer TA (2010) Identification of low molecular weight pyroglutamate Abeta oligomers in Alzheimer disease: a novel tool for therapy and diagnosis. J Biol Chem 285:41517\u201341524","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"1287_CR109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"741","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-121945","volume":"35","author":"O Wirths","year":"2013","unstructured":"Wirths O, Hillmann A, Pradier L, Hartig W, Bayer TA (2013) Oligomeric pyroglutamate amyloid-beta is present in microglia and a subfraction of vessels in patients with Alzheimer\u2019s disease: implications for immunotherapy. J Alzheimers Dis 35:741\u2013749","journal-title":"J Alzheimers Dis"},{"key":"1287_CR110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8154","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M111.308601","volume":"287","author":"JL Wittnam","year":"2012","unstructured":"Wittnam JL, Portelius E, Zetterberg H, Gustavsson MK, Schilling S, Koch B, Demuth H-U, Blennow K, Wirths O, Bayer TA (2012) Pyroglutamate amyloid \u03b2 (A\u03b2) aggravates behavioral deficits in transgenic amyloid mouse model for Alzheimer disease. J Biol Chem 287:8154\u20138162","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"1287_CR111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11393","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.2021-09.2009","volume":"29","author":"K Yamada","year":"2009","unstructured":"Yamada K, Yabuki C, Seubert P, Schenk D, Hori Y, Ohtsuki S, Terasaki T, Hashimoto T, Iwatsubo T (2009) Abeta immunotherapy: intracerebral sequestration of Abeta by an anti-Abeta monoclonal antibody 266 with high affinity to soluble Abeta. J Neurosci 29:11393\u201311398","journal-title":"J Neurosci"}],"container-title":["Acta Neuropathologica"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00401-014-1287-x\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00401-014-1287-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00401-014-1287-x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,3]],"date-time":"2022-04-03T04:27:36Z","timestamp":1648960056000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00401-014-1287-x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,5,7]]},"references-count":111,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,6]]}},"alternative-id":["1287"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00401-014-1287-x","relation":{},"ISSN":["0001-6322","1432-0533"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0001-6322","type":"print"},{"value":"1432-0533","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,5,7]]}}}