{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]],"date-time":"2026-08-20T14:41:11Z","timestamp":1787236871467,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":71,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,28]],"date-time":"2017-08-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1503878400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"funder":[{"name":"AO Research Fund of the AO Foundation","award":["AO Research Grant F-09-6H"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AO Research Grant F-09-6H"]}]},{"name":"Depuy Synthes Trauma"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Arch Orthop Trauma Surg"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,11]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00402-017-2778-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,28]],"date-time":"2017-08-28T08:51:19Z","timestamp":1503910279000},"page":"1529-1538","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Focal osteonecrosis in the femoral head following stable anatomic fixation of displaced femoral neck fractures"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"137","author":[{"given":"Lionel E.","family":"Lazaro","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jonathan P.","family":"Dyke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ryan R.","family":"Thacher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joseph T.","family":"Nguyen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David L.","family":"Helfet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hollis G.","family":"Potter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dean G.","family":"Lorich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,28]]},"reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"2778_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.5435\/00124635-199907000-00005","volume":"7","author":"CJ Lavernia","year":"1999","unstructured":"Lavernia CJ, Sierra RJ, Grieco FR (1999) Osteonecrosis of the femoral head. J Am Acad Orthop Surg 7(4):250\u2013261","journal-title":"J Am Acad Orthop Surg"},{"issue":"3","key":"2778_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"459","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-199503000-00018","volume":"77","author":"MA Mont","year":"1995","unstructured":"Mont MA, Hungerford DS (1995) Non-traumatic avascular necrosis of the femoral head. J Bone J Surg Am Vol 77(3):459\u2013474","journal-title":"J Bone J Surg Am Vol"},{"issue":"7","key":"2778_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.5435\/JAAOS-22-07-455","volume":"22","author":"CG Zalavras","year":"2014","unstructured":"Zalavras CG, Lieberman JR (2014) Osteonecrosis of the femoral head: evaluation and treatment. J Am Acad Orthop Surg 22(7):455\u2013464. doi: 10.5435\/JAAOS-22-07-455","journal-title":"J Am Acad Orthop Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"2778_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otsr.2010.06.014","volume":"97","author":"M Ehlinger","year":"2011","unstructured":"Ehlinger M, Moser T, Adam P, Bierry G, Gangi A, de Mathelin M et al (2011) Early prediction of femoral head avascular necrosis following neck fracture. Orthop Traumatol Surg Res. 97(1):79\u201388","journal-title":"Orthop Traumatol Surg Res."},{"key":"2778_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"525","DOI":"10.1016\/S0020-1383(02)00367-4","volume":"34","author":"KE Nikolopoulos","year":"2003","unstructured":"Nikolopoulos KE, Papadakis SA, Kateros KT, Themistocleous GS, Vlamis JA, Papagelopoulos PJ et al (2003) Long-term outcome of patients with avascular necrosis, after internal fixation of femoral neck fractures. Injury 34:525\u2013528 (England)","journal-title":"Injury"},{"issue":"2","key":"2778_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.53B2.183","volume":"53","author":"RS Garden","year":"1971","unstructured":"Garden RS (1971) Malreduction and avascular necrosis in subcapital fractures of the femur. J Bone Joint Surg Br Vol 53(2):183\u2013197","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Br Vol"},{"issue":"10","key":"2778_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"596","DOI":"10.5435\/00124635-200810000-00005","volume":"16","author":"RG Miyamoto","year":"2008","unstructured":"Miyamoto RG, Kaplan KM, Levine BR, Egol KA, Zuckerman JD (2008) Surgical management of hip fractures: an evidence-based review of the literature. I: Femoral neck fractures. J Am Acad Orthop Surg 16(10):596\u2013607","journal-title":"J Am Acad Orthop Surg"},{"key":"2778_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Masson M, Parker MJ, Fleischer S (2003) Internal fixation versus arthroplasty for intracapsular proximal femoral fractures in adults. Cochrane Database Syst Rev (2):CD001708","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD001708"},{"issue":"1","key":"2778_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1080\/00016470310013635","volume":"74","author":"M Roden","year":"2003","unstructured":"Roden M, Schon M, Fredin H (2003) Treatment of displaced femoral neck fractures: a randomized minimum 5-year follow-up study of screws and bipolar hemiprostheses in 100 patients. Acta Orthop Scand 74(1):42\u201344","journal-title":"Acta Orthop Scand"},{"issue":"8","key":"2778_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1150","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.84B8.13522","volume":"84","author":"MJ Parker","year":"2002","unstructured":"Parker MJ, Khan RJ, Crawford J, Pryor GA (2002) Hemiarthroplasty versus internal fixation for displaced intracapsular hip fractures in the elderly. A randomised trial of 455 patients. J Bone Joint Surg Br 84(8):1150\u20131155","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Br"},{"issue":"3","key":"2778_CR11","first-page":"225","volume":"90","author":"TJ Puolakka","year":"2001","unstructured":"Puolakka TJ, Laine HJ, Tarvainen T, Aho H (2001) Thompson hemiarthroplasty is superior to Ullevaal screws in treating displaced femoral neck fractures in patients over 75\u00a0years. A prospective randomized study with two-year follow-up. Ann Chir Gynaecol 90(3):225\u2013228","journal-title":"Ann Chir Gynaecol"},{"issue":"1","key":"2778_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-199401000-00003","volume":"76","author":"GL Lu-Yao","year":"1994","unstructured":"Lu-Yao GL, Keller RB, Littenberg B, Wennberg JE (1994) Outcomes after displaced fractures of the femoral neck. A meta-analysis of one hundred and six published reports. J Bone Joint Surg Br 76(1):15\u201325","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Br"},{"key":"2778_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Dyke JP, Lazaro LE, Hettrich CM, Hentel KD, Helfet DL, Lorich DG (2013) Regional analysis of femoral head perfusion following displaced fractures of the femoral neck. J Magn Reson Imaging 41(2):550\u2013554. doi: 10.1002\/jmri.24524","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.24524"},{"key":"2778_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1097\/01.blo.0000128296.28666.35","volume":"424","author":"M Beck","year":"2004","unstructured":"Beck M, Siebenrock KA, Affolter B, Notzli H, Parvizi J, Ganz R (2004) Increased intraarticular pressure reduces blood flow to the femoral head. Clin Orthop Relat Res 424:149\u2013152","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"issue":"12","key":"2778_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1031","DOI":"10.3928\/0147-7447-19961201-11","volume":"19","author":"PJ Kregor","year":"1996","unstructured":"Kregor PJ (1996) The effect of femoral neck fractures on femoral head blood flow. Orthopedics 19(12):1031\u20131036 (quiz 7\u20138)","journal-title":"Orthopedics"},{"key":"2778_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-200206000-00012","volume":"399","author":"FG Bachiller","year":"2002","unstructured":"Bachiller FG, Caballer AP, Portal LF (2002) Avascular necrosis of the femoral head after femoral neck fracture. Clin Orthop Relat Res 399:87\u2013109","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"key":"2778_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-198010000-00008","volume":"152","author":"RA Calandruccio","year":"1980","unstructured":"Calandruccio RA, Anderson WE 3rd (1980) Post-fracture avascular necrosis of the femoral head: correlation of experimental and clinical studies. Clin Orthop Relat Res 152:49\u201384","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"issue":"4","key":"2778_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.3109\/17453678608994397","volume":"57","author":"H Wingstrand","year":"1986","unstructured":"Wingstrand H, Stromqvist B, Egund N, Gustafson T, Nilsson LT, Thorngren KG (1986) Hemarthrosis in undisplaced cervical fractures. Tamponade may cause reversible femoral head ischemia. Acta Orthop Scand 57(4):305\u2013308","journal-title":"Acta Orthop Scand"},{"key":"2778_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-199808000-00017","volume":"353","author":"F Bonnaire","year":"1998","unstructured":"Bonnaire F, Schaefer DJ, Kuner EH (1998) Hemarthrosis and hip joint pressure in femoral neck fractures. Clin Orthop Relat Res 353:148\u2013155","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"issue":"Suppl 3","key":"2778_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"C33","DOI":"10.1016\/S0020-1383(02)00329-7","volume":"33","author":"FA Bonnaire","year":"2002","unstructured":"Bonnaire FA, Weber AT (2002) The influence of haemarthrosis on the development of femoral head necrosis following intracapsular femoral neck fractures. Injury 33(Suppl 3):C33\u2013C40","journal-title":"Injury"},{"issue":"1","key":"2778_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.31B1.82","volume":"31B","author":"FR Tucker","year":"1949","unstructured":"Tucker FR (1949) Arterial supply to the femoral head and its clinical importance. J Bone Joint Surg Br Vol 31B(1):82\u201393","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Br Vol"},{"issue":"A:4","key":"2778_CR22","first-page":"856","volume":"32","author":"WW Howe Jr","year":"1950","unstructured":"Howe WW Jr, Lacey T, Schwartz RP (1950) A study of the gross anatomy of the arteries supplying the proximal portion of the femur and the acetabulum. J Bone Joint Surg Am 32(A:4):856\u2013866","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"issue":"4848","key":"2778_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1236","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.2.4848.1236","volume":"2","author":"MY Harty","year":"1953","unstructured":"Harty MY (1953) Blood supply of the femoral head. Br Med J 2(4848):1236\u20131237","journal-title":"Br Med J"},{"issue":"5","key":"2778_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"941","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-197456050-00007","volume":"56","author":"JA Ogden","year":"1974","unstructured":"Ogden JA (1974) Changing patterns of proximal femoral vascularity. J Bone Joint Surg Am Vol 56(5):941\u2013950","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am Vol"},{"key":"2778_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Judet J, Judet R, Lagrange J, Dunoyer J (1955) A study of the arterial vascularization of the femoral neck in the adult. J Bone Joint Surg Am 37-A(4):663\u2013680","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-195537040-00001"},{"key":"2778_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"560","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.47B3.560","volume":"47","author":"S Sevitt","year":"1965","unstructured":"Sevitt S, Thompson RG (1965) The distribution and anastomoses of arteries supplying the head and neck of the femur. J Bone Joint Surg Br Vol 47:560\u2013573","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Br Vol"},{"issue":"9","key":"2778_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1204","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.97B9.34704","volume":"97-b","author":"LE Lazaro","year":"2015","unstructured":"Lazaro LE, Klinger CE, Sculco PK, Helfet DL, Lorich DG (2015) The terminal branches of the medial femoral circumflex artery: the arterial supply of the femoral head. Bone Joint J 97-b(9):1204\u20131213","journal-title":"Bone Joint J"},{"issue":"4","key":"2778_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"598","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.35B4.598","volume":"35-B","author":"MH Harrison","year":"1953","unstructured":"Harrison MH, Schajowicz F, Trueta J (1953) Osteoarthritis of the hip: a study of the nature and evolution of the disease. J Bone Joint Surg Br 35-B(4):598\u2013626","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Br"},{"key":"2778_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Trueta J. The normal vascular anatomy of the human femoral head during growth. J Bone Joint Surg Br 39-B(2):358\u2013394","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.39B2.358"},{"issue":"5","key":"2778_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"679","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.82B5.10426","volume":"82","author":"E Gautier","year":"2000","unstructured":"Gautier E, Ganz K, Krugel N, Gill T, Ganz R (2000) Anatomy of the medial femoral circumflex artery and its surgical implications. J Bone Joint Surg Br Vol 82(5):679\u2013683","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Br Vol"},{"key":"2778_CR31","first-page":"185","volume":"77","author":"WE Wolcott","year":"1943","unstructured":"Wolcott WE (1943) The evolution of the circulation in the developing femoral head and neck. Surg Gynecol Obstet 77:185","journal-title":"Surg Gynecol Obstet"},{"issue":"2","key":"2778_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"358","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.39B2.358","volume":"39-b","author":"J Trueta","year":"1957","unstructured":"Trueta J (1957) The normal vascular anatomy of the human femoral head during growth. J Bone Joint Surg Br 39-b(2):358\u2013394","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Br"},{"issue":"Suppl 4","key":"2778_CR33","first-page":"85","volume":"88","author":"PE Beaule","year":"2006","unstructured":"Beaule PE, Campbell P, Lu Z, Leunig-Ganz K, Beck M, Leunig M et al (2006) Vascularity of the arthritic femoral head and hip resurfacing. J Bone Joint Surg Am Vol 88(Suppl 4):85\u201396","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am Vol"},{"issue":"2","key":"2778_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.G.01679","volume":"91","author":"M Kalhor","year":"2009","unstructured":"Kalhor M, Beck M, Huff TW, Ganz R (2009) Capsular and pericapsular contributions to acetabular and femoral head perfusion. J Bone Joint Surg Am Vol 91(2):409\u2013418","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am Vol"},{"issue":"2","key":"2778_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ocl.2005.02.002","volume":"36","author":"M Lavigne","year":"2005","unstructured":"Lavigne M, Kalhor M, Beck M, Ganz R, Leunig M (2005) Distribution of vascular foramina around the femoral head and neck junction: relevance for conservative intracapsular procedures of the hip. Orthop Clin North Am 36(2):171\u2013176 (viii)","journal-title":"Orthop Clin North Am"},{"issue":"7","key":"2778_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"659","DOI":"10.1007\/s00132-008-1300-y","volume":"37","author":"PE Beaule","year":"2008","unstructured":"Beaule PE, Ganz R, Leunig M (2008) Blood flow to the femoral head and hip resurfacing arthroplasty. Der Orthopade. 37(7):659\u2013666","journal-title":"Der Orthopade."},{"key":"2778_CR37","unstructured":"Walmsley T (1916) A note on the retinacula of Weitbrecht. J Anat 51:61\u201364"},{"key":"2778_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Kalhor M, Horowitz K, Gharehdaghi J, Beck M, Ganz R (2012) Anatomic variations in femoral head circulation. Hip Int 22(3):307\u2013312. doi: 10.5301\/HIP.2012.9242","DOI":"10.5301\/HIP.2012.9242"},{"issue":"1","key":"2778_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1007\/s00276-011-0829-3","volume":"34","author":"J Gojda","year":"2012","unstructured":"Gojda J, Bartonicek J (2012) The retinacula of Weitbrecht in the adult hip. Surg Radiol Anat 34(1):31\u201338","journal-title":"Surg Radiol Anat"},{"key":"2778_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.91B1.21275","volume":"91","author":"S Boraiah","year":"2009","unstructured":"Boraiah S, Dyke JP, Hettrich C, Parker RJ, Miller A, Helfet D et al (2009) Assessment of vascularity of the femoral head using gadolinium (Gd-DTPA)-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging: a cadaver study. J Bone Joint Surg Br 91:131\u2013137 (England)","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Br"},{"issue":"2","key":"2778_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1097\/BOT.0000000000000452","volume":"30","author":"LE Lazaro","year":"2016","unstructured":"Lazaro LE, Birnbaum JF, Farshad-Amacker NA, Helfet DL, Potter HG, Lorich DG (2016) Endosteal biologic augmentation for surgical fixation of displaced femoral neck fractures. J Orthop Trauma 30(2):81\u201388","journal-title":"J Orthop Trauma"},{"key":"2778_CR42","volume-title":"Master technique in orthopaedic surgery: femoral neck fracture open reduction and internal fixation","author":"D Lorich","year":"2013","unstructured":"Lorich D, Lazaro L, Boraiah S (2013) Master technique in orthopaedic surgery: femoral neck fracture open reduction and internal fixation, 3rd edn. Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, Philadelphia","edition":"3"},{"issue":"1","key":"2778_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.1880070113","volume":"7","author":"PS Tofts","year":"1997","unstructured":"Tofts PS (1997) Modeling tracer kinetics in dynamic Gd-DTPA MR imaging. J Magn Reson Imaging JMRI 7(1):91\u2013101","journal-title":"J Magn Reson Imaging JMRI"},{"issue":"5","key":"2778_CR44","first-page":"219","volume":"6","author":"A Einert","year":"1996","unstructured":"Einert A, Bonnaire F, Simon GH, Kuner E, Moser E (1996) 3-phase bone scintigraphy: perfusion and vitality of the femur head after media femoral neck fracture and osteosynthesis. Aktuelle Radiol 6(5):219\u2013224","journal-title":"Aktuelle Radiol"},{"issue":"7","key":"2778_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1130","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-199507000-00024","volume":"77","author":"S Frenyo","year":"1995","unstructured":"Frenyo S, Kazar G, Manninger J (1995) Intracapsular fractures of the hip. J Bone Joint Surg Am 77(7):1130","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"issue":"Suppl 3","key":"2778_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"C41","DOI":"10.1016\/S0020-1383(02)00330-3","volume":"33","author":"J Szita","year":"2002","unstructured":"Szita J, Cserhati P, Bosch U, Manninger J, Bodzay T, Fekete K (2002) Intracapsular femoral neck fractures: the importance of early reduction and stable osteosynthesis. Injury 33(Suppl 3):C41\u2013C46","journal-title":"Injury"},{"issue":"12","key":"2778_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1523","DOI":"10.1007\/s00402-010-1103-6","volume":"130","author":"S Boraiah","year":"2010","unstructured":"Boraiah S, Paul O, Gardner MJ, Parker RJ, Barker JU, Helfet D et al (2010) Outcomes of length-stable fixation of femoral neck fractures. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg 130(12):1523\u20131531","journal-title":"Arch Orthop Trauma Surg"},{"key":"2778_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"630","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.46B4.630","volume":"46","author":"RS Garden","year":"1964","unstructured":"Garden RS (1964) Stability and union in subcapital fractures of the femur. J Bone Joint Surg Br 46:630\u2013647","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Br"},{"issue":"4","key":"2778_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"683","DOI":"10.1016\/S0030-5898(20)31028-2","volume":"5","author":"RS Garden","year":"1974","unstructured":"Garden RS (1974) Reduction and fixation of subcapital fractures of the femur. Orthop Clin North Am 5(4):683\u2013712","journal-title":"Orthop Clin North Am"},{"issue":"1","key":"2778_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.22523","volume":"65","author":"KM Koch","year":"2011","unstructured":"Koch KM, Brau AC, Chen W, Gold GE, Hargreaves BA, Koff M et al (2011) Imaging near metal with a MAVRIC-SEMAC hybrid. Magn Reson Med Off J Soc Magn Reson Med Soc Magn Reson Med 65(1):71\u201382","journal-title":"Magn Reson Med Off J Soc Magn Reson Med Soc Magn Reson Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"2778_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"W405","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.11.6659","volume":"197","author":"CL Hayter","year":"2011","unstructured":"Hayter CL, Koff MF, Shah P, Koch KM, Miller TT, Potter HG (2011) MRI after arthroplasty: comparison of MAVRIC and conventional fast spin-echo techniques. AJR Am J Roentgenol 197(3):W405\u2013W411","journal-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol"},{"issue":"4","key":"2778_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"773","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.22313","volume":"32","author":"KM Koch","year":"2010","unstructured":"Koch KM, Hargreaves BA, Pauly KB, Chen W, Gold GE, King KF (2010) Magnetic resonance imaging near metal implants. J Magn Reson Imaging JMRI 32(4):773\u2013787","journal-title":"J Magn Reson Imaging JMRI"},{"key":"2778_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1761","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.05.0086","volume":"186","author":"H Ito","year":"2006","unstructured":"Ito H, Matsuno T, Minami A (2006) Relationship between bone marrow edema and development of symptoms in patients with osteonecrosis of the femoral head. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 186:1761\u20131770 (United States)","journal-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol."},{"key":"2778_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"477","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.F.01582","volume":"90","author":"KW Nam","year":"2008","unstructured":"Nam KW, Kim YL, Yoo JJ, Koo KH, Yoon KS, Kim HJ (2008) Fate of untreated asymptomatic osteonecrosis of the femoral head. J Bone Joint Surg Am 90:477\u2013484 (United States)","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"2778_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-200207000-00019","volume":"400","author":"T Nishii","year":"2002","unstructured":"Nishii T, Sugano N, Ohzono K, Sakai T, Haraguchi K, Yoshikawa H (2002) Progression and cessation of collapse in osteonecrosis of the femoral head. Clin Orthop Relat Res 400:149\u2013157","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"issue":"5","key":"2778_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"800","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-195941050-00002","volume":"41","author":"FB Smith","year":"1959","unstructured":"Smith FB (1959) Effects of rotatory and valgus malpositions on blood supply to the femoral head observations at arthroplasty. J Bone Joint Surg 41(5):800\u2013815","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg"},{"key":"2778_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"647","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.43B4.647","volume":"43","author":"RS Garden","year":"1961","unstructured":"Garden RS (1961) Low-angle fixation in fractures of the femoral neck. J Bone Joint Surg Br 43:647\u2013663","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Br"},{"issue":"3","key":"2778_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2008.07.024","volume":"40","author":"SA Papadakis","year":"2009","unstructured":"Papadakis SA, Segos D, Kouvaras I, Dagas S, Malakasis M, Grivas TB (2009) Integrity of posterior retinaculum after displaced femoral neck fractures. Injury 40(3):277\u2013279","journal-title":"Injury"},{"issue":"2","key":"2778_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-195335020-00009","volume":"35-a","author":"LD Smith","year":"1953","unstructured":"Smith LD (1953) Hip fractures; the role of muscle contraction or intrinsic forces in the causation of fractures of the femoral neck. J Bone Joint Surg Am 35-a(2):367\u2013383","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"issue":"4","key":"2778_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00361467","volume":"16","author":"A Heuck","year":"1987","unstructured":"Heuck A, Reiser M, Schmucker F, Lehner K, Gmeinwieser J, Kahn T et al (1987) Selective digital subtraction arteriography in necrosis of the femoral head. Skeletal Radiol 16(4):270\u2013274","journal-title":"Skeletal Radiol"},{"issue":"7","key":"2778_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"456","DOI":"10.1097\/BOT.0b013e318126bb56","volume":"21","author":"Y Watanabe","year":"2007","unstructured":"Watanabe Y, Terashima Y, Takenaka N, Kobayashi M, Matsushita T (2007) Prediction of avascular necrosis of the femoral head by measuring intramedullary oxygen tension after femoral neck fracture. J Orthop Trauma 21(7):456\u2013461","journal-title":"J Orthop Trauma"},{"issue":"6","key":"2778_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1023","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.72B6.2246284","volume":"72","author":"T Kiaer","year":"1990","unstructured":"Kiaer T, Pedersen NW, Kristensen KD, Starklint H (1990) Intra-osseous pressure and oxygen tension in avascular necrosis and osteoarthritis of the hip. J Bone Joint Surg Br Vol 72(6):1023\u20131030","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Br Vol"},{"key":"2778_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-199808000-00016","volume":"353","author":"K Sugamoto","year":"1998","unstructured":"Sugamoto K, Ochi T, Takahashi Y, Tamura T, Matsuoka T (1998) Hemodynamic measurement in the femoral head using laser Doppler. Clin Orthop Relat Res 353:138\u2013147","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"issue":"5","key":"2778_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"658","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-197759050-00012","volume":"59","author":"MH Meyers","year":"1977","unstructured":"Meyers MH, Telfer N, Moore TM (1977) Determination of the vascularity of the femoral head with technetium 99m-sulphur-colloid. J Bone Joint Surg Am Vol 59(5):658\u2013664","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am Vol"},{"key":"2778_CR65","first-page":"139","volume":"130","author":"RD D\u2019Ambrosia","year":"1978","unstructured":"D\u2019Ambrosia RD, Shoji H, Riggins RS, Stadalnik RC, DeNardo GL (1978) Scintigraphy in the diagnosis of osteonecrosis. Clin Orthop Relat Res 130:139\u2013143","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"key":"2778_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-198607000-00010","volume":"208","author":"TW Phillips","year":"1986","unstructured":"Phillips TW, Aitken GK, MacKenzie RA (1986) Sulphur colloid bone scan assessment of femoral head vascularity following subcapital fracture of the hip. Clin Orthop Relat Res 208:52\u201354","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"key":"2778_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-198111000-00025","volume":"161","author":"RS Lucie","year":"1981","unstructured":"Lucie RS, Fuller S, Burdick DC, Johnston RM (1981) Early prediction of avascular necrosis of the femoral head following femoral neck fractures. Clin Orthop Relat Res 161:207\u2013214","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"2778_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.3109\/17453678008990775","volume":"51","author":"J Greiff","year":"1980","unstructured":"Greiff J (1980) Determination of the vitality of the femoral head with 99mTc-Sn-pyrophosphate scintigraphy. Acta Orthop Scand 51(1):109\u2013117","journal-title":"Acta Orthop Scand"},{"issue":"6","key":"2778_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"786","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-198365060-00010","volume":"65","author":"JH Turner","year":"1983","unstructured":"Turner JH (1983) Post-traumatic avascular necrosis of the femoral head predicted by preoperative technetium-99m antimony-colloid scan. An experimental and clinical study. J Bone Joint Surg Am 65(6):786\u2013796","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"2778_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-199805000-00025","volume":"350","author":"M Kamano","year":"1998","unstructured":"Kamano M, Narita S, Honda Y, Fukushima K, Yamano Y (1998) Contrast enhanced magnetic resonance imaging for femoral neck fracture. Clin Orthop Relat Res 350:179\u2013186","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"issue":"4","key":"2778_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"596","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.81B4.9013","volume":"81","author":"T Konishiike","year":"1999","unstructured":"Konishiike T, Makihata E, Tago H, Sato T, Inoue H (1999) Acute fracture of the neck of the femur. An assessment of perfusion of the head by dynamic MRI. J Bone Joint Surg Br 81(4):596\u2013599","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Br"}],"container-title":["Archives of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00402-017-2778-8\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00402-017-2778-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00402-017-2778-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,1]],"date-time":"2022-08-01T16:55:12Z","timestamp":1659372912000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00402-017-2778-8"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,28]]},"references-count":71,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,11]]}},"alternative-id":["2778"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00402-017-2778-8","relation":{},"ISSN":["0936-8051","1434-3916"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0936-8051","type":"print"},{"value":"1434-3916","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,28]]}}}