{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,10]],"date-time":"2026-09-10T07:27:44Z","timestamp":1789025264870,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,19]],"date-time":"2021-03-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1616112000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,19]],"date-time":"2021-03-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1616112000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Richard and Annemarie Wolf-Foundation"},{"name":"Medizinische Hochschule Hannover (MHH)"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Arch Orthop Trauma Surg"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Comparable data of functional outcomes of anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction using either hamstring- or quadriceps tendon grafts is controversial. This prospective, randomized controlled trial aims to provide data comparing both grafts regarding the functional outcome.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Materials and methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>A two centre trial involving symptomatic patients 18\u00a0years of age or older with an anterior cruciate ligament tear was conducted. We randomly assigned 27 patients to quadruple hamstring tendon reconstruction and 24 to quadriceps tendon reconstruction. The patients were evaluated preoperatively, at 3, 6, 12 and 24\u00a0months post-surgery. The primary outcome parameter was the side-to-side knee laxity measured with an arthrometer. Secondary outcomes included results in the International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) and Lysholm Scores and isokinetic testing of strength in knee extension and flexion.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Forty-four patients (86%) completed the 2-year follow-up. There was significantly improved knee stability at all time intervals with no difference between the two study groups. The manual side-to-side displacement improved by 4.7\u2009\u00b1\u20093.0\u00a0mm in patients with hamstring tendon reconstruction and 5.5\u2009\u00b1\u20092.9\u00a0mm in patients with quadriceps tendon reconstruction. In addition, muscle strength and outcome scores (IKDC and Lysholm Score) did not show any differences between the hamstring tendon group and the quadriceps tendon group. Patients in the hamstring tendon group returned to their pre-injury activity level after 95.2\u2009\u00b1\u200945.5\u00a0days while patients in the quadriceps tendon group needed 82.1\u2009\u00b1\u200945.6\u00a0days.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Quadriceps and hamstring tendon autografts yield comparably good results in primary anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00402-021-03862-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,19]],"date-time":"2021-03-19T21:02:47Z","timestamp":1616187767000},"page":"281-289","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":47,"title":["Quadriceps and hamstring tendon autografts in ACL reconstruction yield comparably good results in a prospective, randomized controlled trial"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"142","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9330-0480","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hauke","family":"Horstmann","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maximilian","family":"Petri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Uwe","family":"Tegtbur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gernot","family":"Felmet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christian","family":"Krettek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Jagodzinski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"3862_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.1177\/036354658901700313","volume":"17","author":"AF Anderson","year":"1989","unstructured":"Anderson AF, Lipscomb AB (1989) Preoperative instrumented testing of anterior and posterior knee laxity. Am J Sports Med 17:387\u2013392","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"key":"3862_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"483","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2013.12.022","volume":"30","author":"FA Barber","year":"2014","unstructured":"Barber FA, Cowden CH 3rd, Sanders EJ (2014) Revision rates after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction using bone-patellar tendon-bone allograft or autograft in a population 25 years old and younger. Arthroscopy 30:483\u2013491","journal-title":"Arthroscopy"},{"key":"3862_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1465","DOI":"10.1007\/s00402-020-03508-1","volume":"140","author":"A Barie","year":"2020","unstructured":"Barie A, Sprinckstub T, Huber J, Jaber A (2020) Quadriceps tendon vs. patellar tendon autograft for ACL reconstruction using a hardware-free press-fit fixation technique: comparable stability, function and return-to-sport level but less donor site morbidity in athletes after 10 years. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg 140:1465\u20131474","journal-title":"Arch Orthop Trauma Surg"},{"key":"3862_CR4","unstructured":"Bernard M, Hertel P, Hornung H, Cierpinski T (1997) Femoral insertion of the ACL Radiographic quadrant method. Am J Knee Surg 10:14\u201321 (discussion 21\u20132)"},{"key":"3862_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"890","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546508330143","volume":"37","author":"KK Briggs","year":"2009","unstructured":"Briggs KK, Lysholm J, Tegner Y, Rodkey WG, Kocher MS, Steadman JR (2009) The reliability, validity, and responsiveness of the Lysholm score and Tegner activity scale for anterior cruciate ligament injuries of the knee: 25 years later. Am J Sports Med 37:890\u2013897","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"key":"3862_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0036-1579788","volume":"30","author":"J Budny","year":"2017","unstructured":"Budny J, Fox J, Rauh M, Fineberg M (2017) Emerging Trends in Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction. J Knee Surg 30:63\u201369","journal-title":"J Knee Surg"},{"key":"3862_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1326","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546516688665","volume":"45","author":"E Cavaignac","year":"2017","unstructured":"Cavaignac E, Coulin B, Tscholl P, Nik Mohd Fatmy N, Duthon V, Menetrey J (2017) Is quadriceps tendon autograft a better choice than hamstring autograft for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction? A comparative study with a mean follow-up of 3.6 years. Am J Sports Med 45:1326\u20131332","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"key":"3862_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsm.2008.057059","volume":"43","author":"I Eitzen","year":"2009","unstructured":"Eitzen I, Holm I, Risberg MA (2009) Preoperative quadriceps strength is a significant predictor of knee function two years after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. Br J Sports Med 43:371\u2013376","journal-title":"Br J Sports Med"},{"key":"3862_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ettinger M, Werner-Lebeda T, Calliess T, Omar M, Becher C, Ezechieli M, Klintschar M, Petri M (2016) Femoral interference screw fixation of hamstring and quadriceps tendons for ACL reconstruction. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc","DOI":"10.1007\/s00167-016-4001-9"},{"key":"3862_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Felmet G (2017) Press-Fit ACL Reconstruction, in Controversies in the Technical Aspects of ACL Reconstruction: An Evidence-Based Medicine Approach. ISAKOS: Springer S.Z. Norimasa Nakamura, Robert G. Marx, Volker Musahl:247\u2013261","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-662-52742-9_24"},{"key":"3862_CR11","first-page":"148","volume":"1","author":"G Felmet","year":"2012","unstructured":"Felmet G (2012) Anatomic Double Bundle single tunnel Foreign Material Free ACL-Reconstruction - a technical note. Muscles Ligaments Tendons J 1:148\u2013152","journal-title":"Muscles Ligaments Tendons J"},{"key":"3862_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"621","DOI":"10.1007\/s00113-010-1829-1","volume":"113","author":"G Felmet","year":"2010","unstructured":"Felmet G (2010) Implant-free anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction with diamond instruments. A biological and anatomic method for every ligament transplantation. Unfallchirurg 113:621\u2013628","journal-title":"Unfallchirurg"},{"key":"3862_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"985","DOI":"10.1007\/s00402-010-1050-2","volume":"130","author":"G Felmet","year":"2010","unstructured":"Felmet G (2010) Implant-free press-fit fixation for bone\u2013patellar tendon-bone ACL reconstruction: 10-year results. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg 130:985\u2013992","journal-title":"Arch Orthop Trauma Surg"},{"key":"3862_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0907797","volume":"363","author":"RB Frobell","year":"2010","unstructured":"Frobell RB, Roos EM, Roos HP, Ranstam J, Lohmander LS (2010) A randomized trial of treatment for acute anterior cruciate ligament tears. N Engl J Med 363:331\u2013342","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"3862_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gupta R, Sood M, Malhotra A, Masih GD, Kapoor A, Raghav M, Dhillon M (2017) Low re-rupture rate with BPTB autograft and semitendinosus gracilis autograft with preserved insertions in ACL reconstruction surgery in sports persons. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc","DOI":"10.1007\/s00167-017-4790-5"},{"key":"3862_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"501","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546509350325","volume":"38","author":"M Jagodzinski","year":"2010","unstructured":"Jagodzinski M, Geiges B, von Falck C, Knobloch K, Haasper C, Brand J, Hankemeier S, Krettek C, Meller R (2010) Biodegradable screw versus a press-fit bone plug fixation for hamstring anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: a prospective randomized study. Am J Sports Med 38:501\u2013508","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"key":"3862_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-1021262","volume":"13","author":"P Kannus","year":"1992","unstructured":"Kannus P (1992) Normality, variability and predictability of work, power and torque acceleration energy with respect to peak torque in isokinetic muscle testing. Int J Sports Med 13:249\u2013256","journal-title":"Int J Sports Med"},{"key":"3862_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3847","DOI":"10.1589\/jpts.27.3847","volume":"27","author":"Kim do K, Park WH,","year":"2015","unstructured":"Kim do K, Park WH, (2015) Sex differences in knee strength deficit 1 year after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. J Phys Ther Sci 27:3847\u20133849","journal-title":"J Phys Ther Sci"},{"key":"3862_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/bmt-2012-4299","volume-title":"Instrumented Arthrometry of the anterior cruciate ligament","author":"A Krauter","year":"2012","unstructured":"Krauter A, Rohnstock L, Moeller K, Zhao Z, Felmet G (2012) Instrumented Arthrometry of the anterior cruciate ligament. A comparison, Biomed Tech (Berl)"},{"key":"3862_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"538","DOI":"10.1007\/s00167-016-4282-z","volume":"25","author":"A Kurz","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kurz A, Evaniew N, Yeung M, Samuelsson K, Peterson D, Ayeni OR (2017) Credibility and quality of meta-analyses addressing graft choice in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: a systematic review. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 25:538\u2013551","journal-title":"Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc"},{"key":"3862_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2323","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546516650666","volume":"44","author":"JK Lee","year":"2016","unstructured":"Lee JK, Lee S, Lee MC (2016) Outcomes of anatomic anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: bone-quadriceps tendon graft versus double-bundle hamstring tendon graft. Am J Sports Med 44:2323\u20132329","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"key":"3862_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1948","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2013.08.025","volume":"29","author":"MW Mariscalco","year":"2013","unstructured":"Mariscalco MW, Flanigan DC, Mitchell J, Pedroza AD, Jones MH, Andrish JT, Parker RD, Kaeding CC, Magnussen RA (2013) The influence of hamstring autograft size on patient-reported outcomes and risk of revision after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: a Multicenter Orthopaedic Outcomes Network (MOON) Cohort Study. Arthroscopy 29:1948\u20131953","journal-title":"Arthroscopy"},{"key":"3862_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1992","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.285.15.1992","volume":"285","author":"Moher D, Jones A, Lepage L, CONSORT Group (Consolidated Standards for Reporting of Trials)","year":"2001","unstructured":"Moher D, Jones A, Lepage L, CONSORT Group (Consolidated Standards for Reporting of Trials) (2001) Use of the CONSORT statement and quality of reports of randomized trials: a comparative before-and-after evaluation. JAMA 285:1992\u20131995","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"3862_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1055","DOI":"10.1007\/s00402-020-03404-8","volume":"140","author":"A Morvan","year":"2020","unstructured":"Morvan A, Bouguennec N, Graveleau N (2020) ACL injuries before 15 years of age: could the young become an athlete? Arch Orthop Trauma Surg 140:1055\u20131063","journal-title":"Arch Orthop Trauma Surg"},{"key":"3862_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-198466030-00005","volume":"66","author":"FR Noyes","year":"1984","unstructured":"Noyes FR, Butler DL, Grood ES, Zernicke RF, Hefzy MS (1984) Biomechanical analysis of human ligament grafts used in knee-ligament repairs and reconstructions. J Bone Joint Surg Am 66:344\u2013352","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"3862_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1016\/S0030-5898(02)00070-6","volume":"34","author":"HH Paessler","year":"2003","unstructured":"Paessler HH, Mastrokalos DS (2003) Anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction using semitendinosus and gracilis tendons, bone patellar tendon, or quadriceps tendon-graft with press-fit fixation without hardware. A new and innovative procedure. Orthop Clin North Am 34:49\u201364","journal-title":"Orthop Clin North Am"},{"key":"3862_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546513511419","volume":"42","author":"A Persson","year":"2014","unstructured":"Persson A, Fjeldsgaard K, Gjertsen JE, Kjellsen AB, Engebretsen L, Hole RM, Fevang JM (2014) Increased risk of revision with hamstring tendon grafts compared with patellar tendon grafts after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: a study of 12,643 patients from the Norwegian Cruciate Ligament Registry, 2004\u20132012. Am J Sports Med 42:285\u2013291","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"key":"3862_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"564","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546506296042","volume":"35","author":"LA Pinczewski","year":"2007","unstructured":"Pinczewski LA, Lyman J, Salmon LJ, Russell VJ, Roe J, Linklater J (2007) A 10-year comparison of anterior cruciate ligament reconstructions with hamstring tendon and patellar tendon autograft: a controlled, prospective trial. Am J Sports Med 35:564\u2013574","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"key":"3862_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"605","DOI":"10.1007\/s00167-017-4554-2","volume":"26","author":"A Runer","year":"2018","unstructured":"Runer A, Wierer G, Herbst E, Hepperger C, Herbort M, Gfoller P, Hoser C, Fink C (2018) There is no difference between quadriceps- and hamstring tendon autografts in primary anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: a 2-year patient-reported outcome study. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 26:605\u2013614","journal-title":"Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc"},{"key":"3862_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"948","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2005.04.110","volume":"21","author":"L Salmon","year":"2005","unstructured":"Salmon L, Russell V, Musgrove T, Pinczewski L, Refshauge K (2005) Incidence and risk factors for graft rupture and contralateral rupture after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. Arthroscopy 21:948\u2013957","journal-title":"Arthroscopy"},{"key":"3862_CR31","first-page":"8","volume":"13","author":"PT Simonian","year":"2000","unstructured":"Simonian PT, Levine RE, Wright TM, Wickiewicz TL, Warren RF (2000) Response of hamstring and patellar tendon grafts for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction during cyclic tensile loading. Am J Knee Surg 13:8\u201312","journal-title":"Am J Knee Surg"},{"key":"3862_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.5606\/ehc.2013.31","volume":"24","author":"H Sofu","year":"2013","unstructured":"Sofu H, Sahin V, Gursu S, Yildirim T, Issin A, Ordueri M (2013) Use of quadriceps tendon versus hamstring tendon autograft for arthroscopic anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: a comparative analysis of clinical results. Eklem Hastalik Cerrahisi 24:139\u2013143","journal-title":"Eklem Hastalik Cerrahisi"},{"key":"3862_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2135","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMcp0804745","volume":"359","author":"KP Spindler","year":"2008","unstructured":"Spindler KP, Wright RW (2008) Clinical practice. Anterior cruciate ligament tear. N Engl J Med 359:2135\u20132142","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"3862_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1231","DOI":"10.1007\/s00402-020-03436-0","volume":"140","author":"D Stropnik","year":"2020","unstructured":"Stropnik D, Sajovic M, Kacin A, Pavlic-Zaloznik S, Drobnic M (2020) Early clinical and neuromuscular properties in patients with normal or sub-normal subjective knee function after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg 140:1231\u20131239","journal-title":"Arch Orthop Trauma Surg"},{"key":"3862_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2415","DOI":"10.1007\/s00167-020-06061-x","volume":"28","author":"E Svantesson","year":"2020","unstructured":"Svantesson E, Hamrin Senorski E, Webster KE, Karlsson J, Diermeier T, Rothrauff BB, Meredith SJ, Rauer T, Irrgang JJ, Spindler KP, Ma CB, Musahl V (2020) Clinical outcomes after anterior cruciate ligament injury: panther symposium ACL injury clinical outcomes consensus group. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 28:2415\u20132434","journal-title":"Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc"},{"key":"3862_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tay KS, Tan AHC (2018) Clinical outcomes, return to sports, and patient satisfaction after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction in young and middle-aged patients in an asian population-a 2-year follow-up study. Arthroscopy","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2017.10.039"},{"key":"3862_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"610","DOI":"10.4085\/1062-6050-48.3.23","volume":"48","author":"AC Thomas","year":"2013","unstructured":"Thomas AC, Villwock M, Wojtys EM, Palmieri-Smith RM (2013) Lower extremity muscle strength after anterior cruciate ligament injury and reconstruction. J Athl Train 48:610\u2013620","journal-title":"J Athl Train"},{"key":"3862_CR38","first-page":"76","volume":"88","author":"F Vilchez-Cavazos","year":"2020","unstructured":"Vilchez-Cavazos F, Davila-Martinez A, Garza-Castro S, Simental-Mendia M, Garay-Mendoza D, Tamez-Mata Y, Pena-Martinez V, Acosta-Olivo C (2020) Anterior cruciate ligament injuries treated with quadriceps tendon autograft versus hamstring autograft: a randomized controlled trial. Cir Cir 88:76\u201381","journal-title":"Cir Cir"},{"key":"3862_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2472","DOI":"10.1007\/s11999-017-5418-2","volume":"475","author":"KE Webster","year":"2017","unstructured":"Webster KE, Feller JA (2017) Younger patients and men achieve higher outcome scores than older patients and women after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. Clin Orthop Relat Res 475:2472\u20132480","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"key":"3862_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.5435\/00124635-200505000-00006","volume":"13","author":"RV West","year":"2005","unstructured":"West RV, Harner CD (2005) Graft selection in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. J Am Acad Orthop Surg 13:197\u2013207","journal-title":"J Am Acad Orthop Surg"},{"key":"3862_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1016\/j.knee.2014.11.014","volume":"22","author":"X Xie","year":"2015","unstructured":"Xie X, Liu X, Chen Z, Yu Y, Peng S, Li Q (2015) A meta-analysis of bone-patellar tendon-bone autograft versus four-strand hamstring tendon autograft for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. Knee 22:100\u2013110","journal-title":"Knee"},{"key":"3862_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"248","DOI":"10.1053\/jars.2001.21242","volume":"17","author":"M Yunes","year":"2001","unstructured":"Yunes M, Richmond JC, Engels EA, Pinczewski LA (2001) Patellar versus hamstring tendons in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: a meta-analysis. Arthroscopy 17:248\u2013257","journal-title":"Arthroscopy"}],"container-title":["Archives of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00402-021-03862-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00402-021-03862-8\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00402-021-03862-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,22]],"date-time":"2022-01-22T16:06:54Z","timestamp":1642867614000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00402-021-03862-8"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,19]]},"references-count":42,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,2]]}},"alternative-id":["3862"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00402-021-03862-8","relation":{},"ISSN":["0936-8051","1434-3916"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0936-8051","type":"print"},{"value":"1434-3916","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,19]]},"assertion":[{"value":"1 November 2020","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"8 March 2021","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"19 March 2021","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors have no relevant financial or non-financial interests to disclose.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to participate"}},{"value":"Approval was obtained from the Ethics Committee of Hannover Medical School, Germany (Nr. 5456). The procedures used in this study adhere to the tenets of the Declaration of Helsinki.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}}]}}