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The samples were divided into four groups: (A) tripled with a free end sutured only to one of the two fixed bundles (B) tripled with a free end positioned between the two fixed strands and sutured to both (C) tripled with an S-shape and all the three strands sutured together at the upper and lower extremities of the graft (D) partially quadrupled with the free end sutured together with the other three bundles at the upper extremity. Each sample was pretensioned at 50\u00a0N for 10\u00a0min and then subjected to 1000 load control cycles between 50 and 250\u00a0N. Finally, each sample was subjected to a load to failure test.<\/jats:p>\n                <jats:p>Authors also present some preliminary results on the feasibility of a non-contact and full-field Thermoelastic Stress Analysis technique, based on Infrared Thermography, to evaluate the level of stress on the whole graft, and hence on each strand, during fatigue loading.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Eighty five percent of the samples failed at the level of the clamp. The cyclical elongation progressively decreased in all the samples and there was a simultaneous increase in stiffness. An increased stiffness was noted between Group 2 vs Group 3 and Group 2 vs Group 4 at the 500th and 1000th cycle. The failure loads were as follows: (a) 569.10\u00a0N, (b) 632.28\u00a0N, (c) 571.68\u00a0N, (d) 616.95\u00a0N. None of the parameters showed a statistically significant difference between the four groups.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>This study reported similar biomechanical behavior of four different models of tripled grafts suitable for ACL reconstruction. In addition, the biomechanics of overall tripled tendon grafts seems more affected by the viscoelastic property of the tendon itself rather than the preparation method.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00402-021-04030-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,2]],"date-time":"2021-08-02T09:10:18Z","timestamp":1627895418000},"page":"1155-1165","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Similar biomechanical properties of four tripled tendon graft models for ACL reconstruction"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"142","author":[{"given":"Davide","family":"Pavan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Federica","family":"Morello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesco","family":"Monachino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giuseppe","family":"Rovere","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0825-0533","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lawrence","family":"Camarda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giuseppe","family":"Pitarresi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"4030_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1007\/s00264-012-1759-3","volume":"37","author":"P Chambat","year":"2013","unstructured":"Chambat P, Guier C, Sonnery-Cottet B, Fayard JM, Thaunat M (2013) The evolution of ACL reconstruction over the last fifty years. 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