{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,26]],"date-time":"2026-06-26T19:36:46Z","timestamp":1782502606655,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,7]],"date-time":"2022-07-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1657152000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,7]],"date-time":"2022-07-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1657152000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Arch Orthop Trauma Surg"],"DOI":"10.1007\/s00402-022-04513-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,7]],"date-time":"2022-07-07T10:10:36Z","timestamp":1657188636000},"page":"3015-3024","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Impact of local steroid application on dysphagia after anterior cervical spine surgery: a meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"143","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0653-0649","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Li","family":"Shen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lin","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cheng","family":"Si","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Du","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ke","family":"Zhen-Yong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Deng","family":"Zhong-Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"Zheng-Jian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,7]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"4513_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0173364","volume":"12","author":"JM Liu","year":"2017","unstructured":"Liu JM, Tong WL, Chen XY et al (2017) The incidences and risk factors related to early dysphagia after anterior cervical spine surgery: a prospective study. PLoS ONE 12(3):e0173364. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0173364","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"3","key":"4513_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"286","DOI":"10.1177\/2192568217708776","volume":"8","author":"SA Zadegan","year":"2018","unstructured":"Zadegan SA, Jazayeri SB, Abedi A, Bonaki HN, Vaccaro AR, Rahimi-Movaghar V (2018) Corticosteroid administration to prevent complications of anterior cervical spine fusion: a systematic review. Global Spine J 8(3):286\u2013302. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/2192568217708776","journal-title":"Global Spine J"},{"issue":"2","key":"4513_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"308","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-018-5840-5","volume":"28","author":"J Liu","year":"2019","unstructured":"Liu J, Zhang Y, Hai Y, Kang N, Han B (2019) Intravenous and local steroid use in the management of dysphagia after anterior cervical spine surgery: a systematic review of prospective randomized controlled trails (RCTs). Eur Spine J 28(2):308\u2013316. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00586-018-5840-5","journal-title":"Eur Spine J"},{"key":"4513_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.14444\/4009","volume":"11","author":"AS Adenikinju","year":"2017","unstructured":"Adenikinju AS, Halani SH, Rindler RS, Gary MF, Michael KW, Ahmad FU (2017) Effect of perioperative steroids on dysphagia after anterior cervical spine surgery: a systematic review. Int J Spine Surg 11:9. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.14444\/4009","journal-title":"Int J Spine Surg"},{"issue":"2","key":"4513_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2006.02.024","volume":"7","author":"MJ Lee","year":"2007","unstructured":"Lee MJ, Bazaz R, Furey CG, Yoo J (2007) Risk factors for dysphagia after anterior cervical spine surgery: a two-year prospective cohort study. Spine J 7(2):141\u2013147. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.spinee.2006.02.024","journal-title":"Spine J"},{"issue":"1","key":"4513_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e110","DOI":"10.3928\/01477447-20171213-04","volume":"41","author":"Z Li","year":"2018","unstructured":"Li Z, Li G, Chen C et al (2018) Risk factors for dysphagia after anterior cervical spine surgery. Orthopedics 41(1):e110\u2013e116. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3928\/01477447-20171213-04","journal-title":"Orthopedics"},{"issue":"2","key":"4513_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.3171\/2014.12.SPINE14477","volume":"23","author":"SB Jeyamohan","year":"2015","unstructured":"Jeyamohan SB, Kenning TJ, Petronis KA, Feustel PJ, Drazin D, DiRisio DJ (2015) Effect of steroid use in anterior cervical discectomy and fusion: a randomized controlled trial. J Neurosurg Spine 23(2):137\u2013143. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3171\/2014.12.SPINE14477","journal-title":"J Neurosurg Spine"},{"issue":"12","key":"4513_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2954","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2014.06.005","volume":"14","author":"KJ Song","year":"2014","unstructured":"Song KJ, Lee SK, Ko JH, Yoo MJ, Kim DY, Lee KB (2014) The clinical efficacy of short-term steroid treatment in multilevel anterior cervical arthrodesis. Spine J 14(12):2954\u20132958. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.spinee.2014.06.005","journal-title":"Spine J"},{"issue":"7","key":"4513_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"555","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0000000000001284","volume":"41","author":"CC Edwards 2nd","year":"2016","unstructured":"Edwards CC 2nd, Dean C, Edwards CC, Phillips D, Blight A (2016) Can dysphagia following anterior cervical fusions with rhBMP-2 be reduced with local depomedrol application?: A prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind trial. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 41(7):555\u2013562. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/BRS.0000000000001284","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"issue":"17","key":"4513_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1461","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.17.01540","volume":"100","author":"TJ Jenkins","year":"2018","unstructured":"Jenkins TJ, Nair R, Bhatt S et al (2018) The effect of local versus intravenous corticosteroids on the likelihood of dysphagia and dysphonia following anterior cervical discectomy and fusion: a single-blinded, prospective, randomized controlled trial. J Bone Joint Surg Am 100(17):1461\u20131472. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2106\/JBJS.17.01540","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"issue":"7","key":"4513_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E408","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0000000000002864","volume":"44","author":"A Singla","year":"2019","unstructured":"Singla A, Qureshi R, Chen DQ et al (2019) Risk of surgical site infection and mortality following lumbar fusion surgery in patients with chronic steroid usage and chronic methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus infection. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 44(7):E408\u2013E413. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/BRS.0000000000002864","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"key":"4513_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.b2700","volume":"339","author":"A Liberati","year":"2009","unstructured":"Liberati A, Altman DG, Tetzlaff J et al (2009) The PRISMA statement for reporting systematic reviews and meta-analyses of studies that evaluate healthcare interventions: explanation and elaboration. BMJ 339:b2700. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmj.b2700","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"4513_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.l4898","volume":"366","author":"J Sterne","year":"2019","unstructured":"Sterne J, Savovi\u0107 J, Page MJ et al (2019) RoB 2: a revised tool for assessing risk of bias in randomised trials. BMJ 366:l4898. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmj.l4898","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"6","key":"4513_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"826","DOI":"10.1177\/2192568220925782","volume":"11","author":"A Dahapute","year":"2021","unstructured":"Dahapute A, Sonone S, Bhaladhare S et al (2021) Prospective randomized controlled trial to study the effect of local steroids in the retropharyngeal space after anterior cervical discectomy and fusion. Global Spine J 11(6):826\u2013832. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/2192568220925782","journal-title":"Global Spine J"},{"issue":"1","key":"4513_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.3171\/2017.11.SPINE17819","volume":"29","author":"BE Haws","year":"2018","unstructured":"Haws BE, Khechen B, Narain AS et al (2018) Impact of local steroid application on dysphagia following an anterior cervical discectomy and fusion: results of a prospective, randomized single-blind trial. J Neurosurg Spine 29(1):10\u201317. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3171\/2017.11.SPINE17819","journal-title":"J Neurosurg Spine"},{"issue":"26","key":"4513_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2286","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e318237e5d0","volume":"36","author":"SH Lee","year":"2011","unstructured":"Lee SH, Kim KT, Suk KS, Park KJ, Oh KI (2011) Effect of retropharyngeal steroid on prevertebral soft tissue swelling following anterior cervical discectomy and fusion: a prospective, randomized study. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 36(26):2286\u20132292. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/BRS.0b013e318237e5d0","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"issue":"7","key":"4513_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0000000000003825","volume":"46","author":"HJ Kim","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kim HJ, Alluri R, Stein D et al (2021) Effect of topical steroid on swallowing following ACDF: results of a prospective double-blind randomized control trial. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 46(7):413\u2013420. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/BRS.0000000000003825","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"issue":"6","key":"4513_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E329","DOI":"10.1097\/BSD.0000000000001172","volume":"34","author":"RA Curto","year":"2021","unstructured":"Curto RA, Edwards CC 2nd (2021) Does local steroid reduce dysphagia after cervical disc replacement? A prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blinded study. Clin Spine Surg 34(6):E329\u2013E336. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/BSD.0000000000001172","journal-title":"Clin Spine Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"4513_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1001\/archotol.127.1.51","volume":"127","author":"CP Winslow","year":"2001","unstructured":"Winslow CP, Winslow TJ, Wax MK (2001) Dysphonia and dysphagia following the anterior approach to the cervical spine. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 127(1):51\u201355. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/archotol.127.1.51","journal-title":"Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg"},{"issue":"9","key":"4513_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2246","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2014.03.030","volume":"14","author":"AF Joaquim","year":"2014","unstructured":"Joaquim AF, Murar J, Savage JW, Patel AA (2014) Dysphagia after anterior cervical spine surgery: a systematic review of potential preventative measures. Spine J 14(9):2246\u20132260. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.spinee.2014.03.030","journal-title":"Spine J"},{"issue":"13","key":"4513_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1084","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0000000000001407","volume":"41","author":"JM Cancienne","year":"2016","unstructured":"Cancienne JM, Werner BC, Loeb AE et al (2016) The effect of local intraoperative steroid administration on the rate of postoperative dysphagia following ACDF: a study of 245,754 patients. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 41(13):1084\u20131088. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/BRS.0000000000001407","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"issue":"2","key":"4513_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2019.08.018","volume":"20","author":"SD Gandhi","year":"2020","unstructured":"Gandhi SD, Wahlmeier ST, Louie P et al (2020) Effect of local retropharyngeal steroids on fusion rate after anterior cervical discectomy and fusion. Spine J 20(2):261\u2013265. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.spinee.2019.08.018","journal-title":"Spine J"},{"issue":"2","key":"4513_CR23","first-page":"211","volume":"79","author":"TW Nam","year":"2013","unstructured":"Nam TW, Lee DH, Shin JK, Goh TS, Lee JS (2013) Effect of intravenous dexamethasone on prevertebral soft tissue swelling after anterior cervical discectomy and fusion. Acta Orthop Belg 79(2):211\u2013215","journal-title":"Acta Orthop Belg"},{"issue":"9","key":"4513_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1097\/BSD.0000000000000373","volume":"29","author":"BD Rosenthal","year":"2016","unstructured":"Rosenthal BD, Nair R, Hsu WK, Patel AA, Savage JW (2016) Dysphagia and dysphonia assessment tools after anterior cervical spine surgery. Clin Spine Surg 29(9):363\u2013367. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/BSD.0000000000000373","journal-title":"Clin Spine Surg"},{"issue":"6","key":"4513_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1727","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405-019-05429-1","volume":"276","author":"JR Lechien","year":"2019","unstructured":"Lechien JR, Cavelier G, Thill MP et al (2019) Validity and reliability of the French version of Eating Assessment Tool (EAT-10). Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 276(6):1727\u20131736. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00405-019-05429-1","journal-title":"Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol"},{"issue":"2","key":"4513_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1007\/s00455-001-0109-1","volume":"17","author":"CA McHorney","year":"2002","unstructured":"McHorney CA, Robbins J, Lomax K et al (2002) The SWAL-QOL and SWAL-CARE outcomes tool for oropharyngeal dysphagia in adults: III Documentation of reliability and validity. Dysphagia 17(2):97\u2013114. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00455-001-0109-1","journal-title":"Dysphagia"},{"issue":"22","key":"4513_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2453","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-200211150-00007","volume":"27","author":"R Bazaz","year":"2002","unstructured":"Bazaz R, Lee MJ, Yoo JU (2002) Incidence of dysphagia after anterior cervical spine surgery: a prospective study. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 27(22):2453\u20132458. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/00007632-200211150-00007","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"issue":"4","key":"4513_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"656","DOI":"10.31616\/asj.2018.12.4.656","volume":"12","author":"J Schroeder","year":"2018","unstructured":"Schroeder J, Weinstein J, Salzmann SN et al (2018) Effect of steroid-soaked gelatin sponge on soft tissue swelling following anterior cervical discectomy and fusion: a radiographic analysis. Asian Spine J 12(4):656\u2013661. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.31616\/asj.2018.12.4.656","journal-title":"Asian Spine J"},{"key":"4513_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e784","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2019.01.169","volume":"125","author":"JL Yi","year":"2019","unstructured":"Yi JL, Glover M, Charitable J et al (2019) Perioperative intravenous corticosteroids and radiographic prevertebral soft tissue swelling in anterior cervical fusion for degenerative disease. World Neurosurg 125:e784\u2013e789. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.wneu.2019.01.169","journal-title":"World Neurosurg"},{"issue":"10","key":"4513_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e75","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2015.06.058","volume":"15","author":"SH Lee","year":"2015","unstructured":"Lee SH, Mesfin A, Riew KD (2015) Delayed esophageal perforation after anterior cervical fusion and retropharyngeal steroid use: a report of two cases. Spine J 15(10):e75-80. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.spinee.2015.06.058","journal-title":"Spine J"}],"container-title":["Archives of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00402-022-04513-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00402-022-04513-2\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00402-022-04513-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,17]],"date-time":"2023-05-17T15:06:47Z","timestamp":1684336007000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00402-022-04513-2"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,7]]},"references-count":30,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,6]]}},"alternative-id":["4513"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00402-022-04513-2","relation":{},"ISSN":["1434-3916"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1434-3916","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"31 October 2021","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"8 June 2022","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"7 July 2022","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"All authors certify that they have no affiliations with or involvement in any organization or entity with any financial interest or non-financial interest in the subject matter or materials discussed in this manuscript.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"This article conforms to the ethical standards of the hospital and has obtained relevant ethical approval. This article does not contain any studies with human participants or animals performed by any of the authors.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"This article is a review and data analysis of published articles. No informed consent of patients was needed.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Informed consent"}}]}}