{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]],"date-time":"2026-10-10T15:12:07Z","timestamp":1791645127761,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,19]],"date-time":"2023-06-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1687132800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,19]],"date-time":"2023-06-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1687132800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Arch Orthop Trauma Surg"],"DOI":"10.1007\/s00402-023-04949-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,19]],"date-time":"2023-06-19T09:02:07Z","timestamp":1687165327000},"page":"6193-6200","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Two-staged management of ankle fracture-dislocations with a posterior fragment: computer-tomography-based classification, treatment and its outcome"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"143","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8946-9304","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Method","family":"Kabelitz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nina","family":"Kabelitz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Herman","family":"Frima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Philipp Florian","family":"Stillhard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christoph","family":"Sommer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christian","family":"Michelitsch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"4949_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1053\/j.jfas.2015.04.001","volume":"55","author":"S Odak","year":"2016","unstructured":"Odak S, Ahluwalia R, Unnikrishnan P et al (2016) Management of posterior malleolar fractures: a systematic review. J Foot Ankle Surg 55:140\u2013145. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1053\/j.jfas.2015.04.001","journal-title":"J Foot Ankle Surg"},{"key":"4949_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e19.00207","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.RVW.19.00207","volume":"8","author":"S Rammelt","year":"2020","unstructured":"Rammelt S, Barton\u00ed\u010dek J (2020) Posterior malleolar fractures: a critical analysis review. JBJS Rev 8:e19.00207. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2106\/JBJS.RVW.19.00207","journal-title":"JBJS Rev"},{"key":"4949_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1007\/s00113-021-00954-3","volume":"124","author":"T Mittlmeier","year":"2021","unstructured":"Mittlmeier T, Sa\u00df M, Randow M, Wichelhaus A (2021) Fracture of the posterior malleolus: a paradigm shift. Unfallchirurg 124:181\u2013189. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00113-021-00954-3","journal-title":"Unfallchirurg"},{"key":"4949_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-662-02695-3","volume-title":"Manual of internal fixation. Techniques recommended by the AO-ASF group, 3. Aufl","author":"M M\u00fcller","year":"1991","unstructured":"M\u00fcller M, Allg\u00f6wer M, Schneider R, Willenegger H (1991) Manual of internal fixation. Techniques recommended by the AO-ASF group, 3. Aufl. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg"},{"key":"4949_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1097\/00005373-200207000-00012","volume":"53","author":"JF Langenhuijsen","year":"2002","unstructured":"Langenhuijsen JF, Heetveld MJ, Ultee JM et al (2002) Results of ankle fractures with involvement of the posterior tibial margin. J Trauma 53:55\u201360. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/00005373-200207000-00012","journal-title":"J Trauma"},{"key":"4949_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1007\/s00402-018-3056-0","volume":"139","author":"SM Verhage","year":"2019","unstructured":"Verhage SM, Krijnen P, Schipper IB, Hoogendoorn JM (2019) Persistent postoperative step-off of the posterior malleolus leads to higher incidence of post-traumatic osteoarthritis in trimalleolar fractures. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg 139:323\u2013329. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00402-018-3056-0","journal-title":"Arch Orthop Trauma Surg"},{"key":"4949_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.1007\/s00402-015-2171-4","volume":"135","author":"J Barton\u00ed\u010dek","year":"2015","unstructured":"Barton\u00ed\u010dek J, Rammelt S, Kostliv\u00fd K et al (2015) Anatomy and classification of the posterior tibial fragment in ankle fractures. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg 135:505\u2013516. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00402-015-2171-4","journal-title":"Arch Orthop Trauma Surg"},{"key":"4949_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00402-020-03353-2","author":"L Weigelt","year":"2020","unstructured":"Weigelt L, Hasler J, Flury A et al (2020) Clinical and radiological mid- to long-term results after direct fixation of posterior malleolar fractures through a posterolateral approach. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00402-020-03353-2","journal-title":"Arch Orthop Trauma Surg"},{"key":"4949_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S1","DOI":"10.1097\/BOT.0000000000001063","volume":"32","author":"E Meinberg","year":"2018","unstructured":"Meinberg E, Agel J, Roberts C et al (2018) Fracture and dislocation classification compendium\u20142018. J Orthop Trauma 32:S1\u2013S10. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/BOT.0000000000001063","journal-title":"J Orthop Trauma"},{"key":"4949_CR10","first-page":"1","volume-title":"Fractures with soft tissue injuries","author":"H-J Oestern","year":"1984","unstructured":"Oestern H-J, Tscherne H (1984) Pathophysiology and classification of soft tissue injuries associated with fractures. Fractures with soft tissue injuries. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg, pp 1\u20139"},{"key":"4949_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-197658040-00004","volume":"58","author":"RB Gustilo","year":"1976","unstructured":"Gustilo RB, Anderson JT (1976) Prevention of infection in the treatment of one thousand and twenty-five open fractures of long bones: retrospective and prospective analyses. J Bone Joint Surg Am 58:453\u2013458","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"4949_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"897","DOI":"10.1007\/s00402-014-1994-8","volume":"134","author":"CJA van Bergen","year":"2014","unstructured":"van Bergen CJA, Sierevelt IN, Hoogervorst P et al (2014) Translation and validation of the German version of the foot and ankle outcome score. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg 134:897\u2013901. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00402-014-1994-8","journal-title":"Arch Orthop Trauma Surg"},{"key":"4949_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.20543","volume":"63","author":"GA Hawker","year":"2011","unstructured":"Hawker GA, Mian S, Kendzerska T, French M (2011) Measures of adult pain: visual analog scale for pain (VAS Pain), numeric rating scale for pain (NRS Pain), McGill pain questionnaire (MPQ), short-form McGill pain questionnaire (SF-MPQ), chronic pain grade scale (CPGS), short form-36 bodily pain scale (SF). Arthritis Care Res 63:240\u2013252. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/acr.20543","journal-title":"Arthritis Care Res"},{"key":"4949_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"914","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1963.03060120024016","volume":"185","author":"S Katz","year":"1963","unstructured":"Katz S (1963) Studies of illness in the aged. JAMA 185:914. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jama.1963.03060120024016","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"4949_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"532","DOI":"10.1007\/s11999-016-5113-8","volume":"475","author":"MHJ Hulsmans","year":"2017","unstructured":"Hulsmans MHJ, van Heijl M, Houwert RM et al (2017) High irritation and removal rates after plate or nail fixation in patients with displaced midshaft clavicle fractures. Clin Orthop Relat Res 475:532\u2013539. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11999-016-5113-8","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"key":"4949_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"788","DOI":"10.1177\/107110070102201004","volume":"22","author":"EM Roos","year":"2001","unstructured":"Roos EM, Brandsson S, Karlsson J (2001) Validation of the foot and ankle outcome score for ankle ligament reconstruction. Foot Ankle Int 22:788\u2013794. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/107110070102201004","journal-title":"Foot Ankle Int"},{"issue":"Suppl 6","key":"4949_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S93","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2014.10.030","volume":"45","author":"GM Calori","year":"2014","unstructured":"Calori GM, Colombo M, Mazza EL et al (2014) Validation of the non-union scoring system in 300 long bone non-unions. Injury 45(Suppl 6):S93\u2013S97. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.injury.2014.10.030","journal-title":"Injury"},{"key":"4949_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e151","DOI":"10.1097\/BOT.0000000000000230","volume":"29","author":"O\u02bcConnor TJ, Mueller B, Ly T V,","year":"2015","unstructured":"O\u02bcConnor TJ, Mueller B, Ly T V, et al (2015) \u201cA to p\u201d screw versus posterolateral plate for posterior malleolus fixation in trimalleolar ankle fractures. J Orthop Trauma 29:e151\u2013e156. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/BOT.0000000000000230","journal-title":"J Orthop Trauma"},{"key":"4949_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e127","DOI":"10.1097\/BOT.0000000000000774","volume":"31","author":"M Assal","year":"2017","unstructured":"Assal M, Dalmau-Pastor M, Ray A, Stern R (2017) How to get to the distal posterior tibial malleolus? A cadaveric anatomic study defining the access corridors through 3 different approaches. J Orthop Trauma 31:e127\u2013e129. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/BOT.0000000000000774","journal-title":"J Orthop Trauma"},{"key":"4949_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1392","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2019.06.003","volume":"50","author":"RP Blom","year":"2019","unstructured":"Blom RP, Meijer DT, de Muinck Keizer RJO et al (2019) Posterior malleolar fracture morphology determines outcome in rotational type ankle fractures. Injury 50:1392\u20131397. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.injury.2019.06.003","journal-title":"Injury"},{"key":"4949_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1177","DOI":"10.1007\/s00264-020-04481-5","volume":"44","author":"E Vacas-S\u00e1nchez","year":"2020","unstructured":"Vacas-S\u00e1nchez E, Olaya-Gonz\u00e1lez C, Abarquero-Diezhandino A et al (2020) How to address the posterior malleolus in ankle fractures? A decision-making model based on the computerised tomography findings. Int Orthop 44:1177\u20131185. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00264-020-04481-5","journal-title":"Int Orthop"},{"key":"4949_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"789","DOI":"10.1007\/s00113-013-2385-2","volume":"116","author":"S Rammelt","year":"2013","unstructured":"Rammelt S, Marti RK, Zwipp H (2013) Gelenkerhaltende Osteotomien fehlverheilter Sprunggelenk- und Pilonfrakturen. Unfallchirurg 116:789\u2013796. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00113-013-2385-2","journal-title":"Unfallchirurg"},{"key":"4949_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00402-022-04620-0","author":"L Yang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Yang L, Yin G, Zhu J et al (2022) Posterolateral approach for posterior malleolus fixation in ankle fractures: functional and radiological outcome based on Bartonicek classification. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00402-022-04620-0","journal-title":"Arch Orthop Trauma Surg"},{"key":"4949_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1823","DOI":"10.1007\/s00402-021-03875-3","volume":"142","author":"AP Neumann","year":"2022","unstructured":"Neumann AP, Rammelt S (2022) Ankle fractures involving the posterior malleolus: patient characteristics and 7-year results in 100 cases. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg 142:1823\u20131834. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00402-021-03875-3","journal-title":"Arch Orthop Trauma Surg"}],"container-title":["Archives of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00402-023-04949-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00402-023-04949-0\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00402-023-04949-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,8]],"date-time":"2023-09-08T16:24:03Z","timestamp":1694190243000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00402-023-04949-0"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,19]]},"references-count":24,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,10]]}},"alternative-id":["4949"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00402-023-04949-0","relation":{},"ISSN":["1434-3916"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1434-3916","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,19]]},"assertion":[{"value":"7 February 2023","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"11 June 2023","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"19 June 2023","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors have no relevant financial or non-financial interests to disclosure.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"This study was performed in line with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. Approval was granted by the local ethics committee (Cantonal Ethics Committee Zurich, ref. 2020-01854).","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval"}},{"value":"Prior to patient enrolment a signed informed consent was obtained from each patient.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to participate"}}]}}