{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,31]],"date-time":"2025-12-31T08:21:31Z","timestamp":1767169291117,"version":"3.48.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,21]],"date-time":"2024-12-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1734739200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,21]],"date-time":"2024-12-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1734739200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Arch Orthop Trauma Surg"],"DOI":"10.1007\/s00402-024-05661-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,21]],"date-time":"2024-12-21T08:52:18Z","timestamp":1734771138000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Does the treatment modality affect nosocomial pneumonia and other in-hospital outcomes in patients with combined injuries to the ribs and clavicle? A propensity score weighted analysis of a retrospective cohort"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"145","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4618-3714","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tim","family":"Kobes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mark C. P. M.","family":"van Baal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4047-6818","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marilyn","family":"Heng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"5661_CR1","unstructured":"Chang MC, Steward RM, Rotondo MF, Nathens AB, TQIP Committee (2016) National Trauma Data Bank Annual Report. https:\/\/www.facs.org\/media\/ez1hpdcu\/ntdb-annual-report-2016.pdf"},{"issue":"1","key":"5661_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1186\/1749-7922-8-36","volume":"8","author":"JJ van Laarhoven","year":"2013","unstructured":"van Laarhoven JJ, Ferree S, Houwert RM, Hietbrink F, Verleisdonk EM, Leenen LP (2013) Demographics of the injury pattern in severely injured patients with an associated clavicle fracture: a retrospective observational cohort study. World J Emerg Surg 8(1):36. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1749-7922-8-36","journal-title":"World J Emerg Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"5661_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1007\/s00068-016-0673-6","volume":"45","author":"J van Laarhoven","year":"2019","unstructured":"van Laarhoven J, Hietbrink F, Ferree S, Gunning AC, Houwert RM, Verleisdonk EMM, Leenen LPH (2019) Associated thoracic injury in patients with a clavicle fracture: a retrospective analysis of 1461 polytrauma patients. Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg 45(1):59\u201363. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00068-016-0673-6","journal-title":"Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg"},{"issue":"10","key":"5661_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0224370","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0224370","volume":"14","author":"MS Bakir","year":"2019","unstructured":"Bakir MS, Unterkofler J, Honning A, Haralambiev L, Kim S, Ekkernkamp A, Schulz-Drost S (2019) Shoulder girdle injuries involving the medial clavicle differ from lateral clavicle injuries with a focus on concomitant injuries and management strategies: a retrospective study based on nationwide routine data. PLoS ONE 14(10):e0224370. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0224370","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"5","key":"5661_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1007\/PL00000303","volume":"51","author":"J Andermahr","year":"2002","unstructured":"Andermahr J, Greb A, Hensler T, Helling HJ, Bouillon B, Sauerland S et al (2002) Pneumonia in multiple injured patients: a prospective controlled trial on early prediction using clinical and immunological parameters. Inflamm Res 51(5):265\u2013272","journal-title":"Inflamm Res"},{"issue":"7","key":"5661_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"848","DOI":"10.1111\/aas.12111","volume":"57","author":"P Hyllienmark","year":"2013","unstructured":"Hyllienmark P, Brattstrom O, Larsson E, Martling CR, Petersson J, Oldner A (2013) High incidence of post-injury pneumonia in intensive care-treated trauma patients. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 57(7):848\u2013854. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/aas.12111","journal-title":"Acta Anaesthesiol Scand"},{"issue":"2","key":"5661_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.5090\/kjtcs.2013.46.2.130","volume":"46","author":"JH Byun","year":"2013","unstructured":"Byun JH, Kim HY (2013) Factors affecting pneumonia occurring to patients with multiple rib fractures. Korean J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 46(2):130\u2013134. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5090\/kjtcs.2013.46.2.130","journal-title":"Korean J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg"},{"issue":"2","key":"5661_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1097\/TA.0b013e3181a601cb","volume":"68","author":"P Michelet","year":"2010","unstructured":"Michelet P, Couret D, Bregeon F, Perrin G, D\u2019Journo XB, Pequignot V et al (2010) Early onset pneumonia in severe chest trauma: a risk factor analysis. J Trauma 68(2):395\u2013400. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/TA.0b013e3181a601cb","journal-title":"J Trauma"},{"issue":"2","key":"5661_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"462","DOI":"10.1097\/TA.0000000000000086","volume":"76","author":"N Dehghan","year":"2014","unstructured":"Dehghan N, de Mestral C, McKee MD, Schemitsch EH, Nathens A (2014) Flail chest injuries: a review of outcomes and treatment practices from the National Trauma Data Bank. J Trauma Acute Care Surg 76(2):462\u2013468. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/TA.0000000000000086","journal-title":"J Trauma Acute Care Surg"},{"issue":"3","key":"5661_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.1097\/TA.0000000000003314","volume":"91","author":"Y Kawai","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kawai Y, Konishi H, Miyazaki K, Kogeichi Y, Takano K, Okuda A et al (2021) A new quantitative assessment method for predicting pneumonia caused by chest wall injury. J Trauma Acute Care Surg 91(3):521\u2013526. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/TA.0000000000003314","journal-title":"J Trauma Acute Care Surg"},{"key":"5661_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00068-019-01179-1","author":"M Hofman","year":"2019","unstructured":"Hofman M, Andruszkow H, Kobbe P, Poeze M, Hildebrand F (2019) Incidence of post-traumatic pneumonia in poly-traumatized patients: identifying the role of traumatic brain injury and chest trauma. Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00068-019-01179-1","journal-title":"Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg"},{"key":"5661_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00068-021-01701-4","author":"AAR Sweet","year":"2021","unstructured":"Sweet AAR, Beks RB, FFA IJ, de Jong MB, Beeres FJP, Leenen LPH et al (2021) Epidemiology of combined clavicle and rib fractures: a systematic review. Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00068-021-01701-4","journal-title":"Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg"},{"issue":"4","key":"5661_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"655","DOI":"10.1007\/s00068-018-1037-1","volume":"45","author":"RB Beks","year":"2019","unstructured":"Beks RB, Reets D, de Jong MB, Groenwold RHH, Hietbrink F, Edwards MJR et al (2019) Rib fixation versus non-operative treatment for flail chest and multiple rib fractures after blunt thoracic trauma: a multicenter cohort study. Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg 45(4):655\u2013663. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00068-018-1037-1","journal-title":"Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg"},{"issue":"3","key":"5661_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"492","DOI":"10.1097\/TA.0000000000002994","volume":"90","author":"JTH Prins","year":"2021","unstructured":"Prins JTH, van Lieshout EMM, Ali-Osman FR, Bauman ZM, Caragounis EC, Choi J et al (2021) Outcome after surgical stabilization of rib fractures versus nonoperative treatment in patients with multiple rib fractures and moderate to severe traumatic brain injury (CWIS-TBI). J Trauma Acute Care Surg 90(3):492\u2013500. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/TA.0000000000002994","journal-title":"J Trauma Acute Care Surg"},{"key":"5661_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00068-022-01906-1","author":"JTH Prins","year":"2022","unstructured":"Prins JTH, van Lieshout EMM, Ali-Osman FR, Bauman ZM, Caragounis EC, Choi J et al (2022) Surgical stabilization versus nonoperative treatment for flail and non-flail rib fracture patterns in patients with traumatic brain injury. Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00068-022-01906-1","journal-title":"Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg"},{"issue":"2","key":"5661_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1097\/TA.0000000000000925","volume":"80","author":"FM Pieracci","year":"2016","unstructured":"Pieracci FM, Lin Y, Rodil M, Synder M, Herbert B, Kha Tran D et al (2016) A prospective, controlled clinical evaluation of surgical stabilization of severe rib fractures. J Trauma Acute Care Surg 80(2):187\u2013194. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/TA.0000000000000925","journal-title":"J Trauma Acute Care Surg"},{"issue":"9","key":"5661_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1412","DOI":"10.1177\/0003134820951456","volume":"87","author":"CM Knotts","year":"2021","unstructured":"Knotts CM, Modarresi M, Samanta D, Richmond BK (2021) The impact of under-triage on trauma outcomes in older populations\u2009\u2265\u200965 years. Am Surg 87(9):1412\u20131419. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0003134820951456","journal-title":"Am Surg"},{"issue":"28","key":"5661_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3661","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.6607","volume":"34","author":"PC Austin","year":"2015","unstructured":"Austin PC, Stuart EA (2015) Moving towards best practice when using inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) using the propensity score to estimate causal treatment effects in observational studies. Stat Med 34(28):3661\u20133679. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/sim.6607","journal-title":"Stat Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"5661_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1186\/s12874-017-0338-0","volume":"17","author":"TL Nguyen","year":"2017","unstructured":"Nguyen TL, Collings GS, Spence J, Daures JP, Devereaux PJ, Landais P, Le Manach Y (2017) Double-adjustment in propensity score matching analysis: choosing a threshold for considering residual imbalance. BMC Med Res Methodol 17(1):78. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12874-017-0338-0","journal-title":"BMC Med Res Methodol"},{"key":"5661_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00068-022-02093-9","author":"RJ Hoepelman","year":"2022","unstructured":"Hoepelman RJ, Beeres FJP, Beks RB, Sweet AAR, IJpma FFA, Lansink KWW et al (2022) Non-operative vs. operative treatment for multiple rib fractures after blunt thoracic trauma: a multicenter prospective cohort study. Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00068-022-02093-9","journal-title":"Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg"},{"issue":"6","key":"5661_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1047","DOI":"10.1097\/TA.0000000000003549","volume":"92","author":"SF Marasco","year":"2022","unstructured":"Marasco SF, Balogh ZJ, Wullschleger ME, Hsu J, Patel B, Fitzgerald M et al (2022) Rib fixation in non-ventilator-dependent chest wall injuries: a prospective randomized trial. J Trauma Acute Care Surg 92(6):1047\u20131053. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/TA.0000000000003549","journal-title":"J Trauma Acute Care Surg"},{"issue":"3","key":"5661_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"618","DOI":"10.1097\/TA.0000000000001350","volume":"82","author":"G Kasotakis","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kasotakis G, Hasenboehler EA, Streib EW, Patel N, Patel MB, Alarcon L et al (2017) Operative fixation of rib fractures after blunt trauma: a practice management guideline from the Eastern Association for the surgery of Trauma. J Trauma Acute Care Surg 82(3):618\u2013626. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/TA.0000000000001350","journal-title":"J Trauma Acute Care Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"5661_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1186\/s12891-017-1444-1","volume":"18","author":"C Kihlstrom","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kihlstrom C, Moller M, Lonn K, Wolf O (2017) Clavicle fractures: epidemiology, classification and treatment of 2 422 fractures in the Swedish fracture Register; an observational study. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 18(1):82. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12891-017-1444-1","journal-title":"BMC Musculoskelet Disord"},{"issue":"9","key":"5661_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"901","DOI":"10.1080\/13696998.2019.1620245","volume":"22","author":"M Putnam","year":"2019","unstructured":"Putnam M, Vanderkarr M, Nandwani P, Holy CE, Chitnis AS (2019) Surgical treatment, complications, and reimbursement among patients with clavicle fracture and acromioclavicular dislocations: a US retrospective claims database analysis. J Med Econ 22(9):901\u2013908. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/13696998.2019.1620245","journal-title":"J Med Econ"},{"issue":"1","key":"5661_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1186\/s12891-022-05075-5","volume":"23","author":"S Wolf","year":"2022","unstructured":"Wolf S, Chitnis AS, Manoranjith A, Vanderkarr M, Plaza JQ, Gador LV et al (2022) Surgical treatment, complications, reoperations, and healthcare costs among patients with clavicle fracture in England. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 23(1):135. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12891-022-05075-5","journal-title":"BMC Musculoskelet Disord"},{"issue":"2","key":"5661_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"266","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2019.06.022","volume":"29","author":"WP Kluijfhout","year":"2020","unstructured":"Kluijfhout WP, Tutuhatunewa ED, van Olden GDJ (2020) Plate fixation of clavicle fractures: comparison between early and delayed surgery. J Shoulder Elb Surg 29(2):266\u2013272. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jse.2019.06.022","journal-title":"J Shoulder Elb Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"5661_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23263","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-02771-5","volume":"11","author":"H Eberbach","year":"2021","unstructured":"Eberbach H, Lefering R, Hager S, Schumm K, Bode L, Jaeger M et al (2021) Influence of surgical stabilization of clavicle fractures in multiply-injured patients with thoracic trauma. Sci Rep 11(1):23263. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-021-02771-5","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"12","key":"5661_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3351","DOI":"10.1007\/s11999-011-1915-x","volume":"469","author":"LA Schemitsch","year":"2011","unstructured":"Schemitsch LA, Schemitsch EH, Veillette C, Zdero R, McKee MD (2011) Function plateaus by one year in patients with surgically treated displaced midshaft clavicle fractures. Clin Orthop Relat Res 469(12):3351\u20133355. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11999-011-1915-x","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"issue":"8","key":"5661_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1937","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546516673615","volume":"45","author":"DPJ Smeeing","year":"2017","unstructured":"Smeeing DPJ, van der Ven DJC, Hietbrink F, Timmers TK, van Heijl M, Kruyt MC et al (2017) Surgical Versus Nonsurgical Treatment for Midshaft Clavicle Fractures in patients aged 16 years and older: a systematic review, Meta-analysis, and comparison of Randomized controlled trials and observational studies. Am J Sports Med 45(8):1937. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0363546516673615","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"issue":"12","key":"5661_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1051","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.16.01068","volume":"99","author":"S Woltz","year":"2017","unstructured":"Woltz S, Krijnen P, Schipper IB (2017) Plate fixation Versus Nonoperative Treatment for Displaced Midshaft Clavicular fractures: a Meta-analysis of Randomized controlled trials. J Bone Joint Surg Am 99(12):1051\u20131057. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2106\/JBJS.16.01068","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"issue":"6","key":"5661_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"539","DOI":"10.1080\/17453674.2016.1247562","volume":"87","author":"A Meunier","year":"2016","unstructured":"Meunier A (2016) Who should be treated surgically for a displaced clavicle fracture? Acta Orthop 87(6):539\u2013540. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/17453674.2016.1247562","journal-title":"Acta Orthop"},{"issue":"2","key":"5661_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1177\/1941738114566381","volume":"7","author":"NJ Fanter","year":"2015","unstructured":"Fanter NJ, Kenny RM, Baker CLr, Baker CLJ (2015) Surgical treatment of clavicle fractures in the adolescent athlete. Sports Health 7(2):137\u2013141. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1941738114566381","journal-title":"Sports Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"5661_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E1","DOI":"10.1530\/EJE-20-1124","volume":"184","author":"OM Dekkers","year":"2021","unstructured":"Dekkers OM, Groenwold RHH (2021) When observational studies can give wrong answers: the potential of immortal time bias. Eur J Endocrinol 184(1):E1\u2013E4. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1530\/EJE-20-1124","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol"},{"issue":"10","key":"5661_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"871","DOI":"10.1089\/sur.2019.294","volume":"21","author":"AJ Hessels","year":"2020","unstructured":"Hessels AJ, Kuo YH, Ahmed N (2020) Epidemiology and impact of Healthcare-Associated infections in Trauma patients: a National Data Analysis. Surg Infect (Larchmt) 21(10):871\u2013876. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/sur.2019.294","journal-title":"Surg Infect (Larchmt)"},{"issue":"12","key":"5661_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1742","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-019-05795-8","volume":"45","author":"SM Fernando","year":"2019","unstructured":"Fernando SM, McIsaac DI, Rochwerg B, Bagshaw SM, Muscedere J, Munshi L et al (2019) Frailty and invasive mechanical ventilation: association with outcomes, extubation failure, and tracheostomy. Intensive Care Med 45(12):1742\u20131752. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00134-019-05795-8","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"5661_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"575","DOI":"10.1097\/TA.0000000000001329","volume":"82","author":"B Joseph","year":"2017","unstructured":"Joseph B, Orouji Jokar T, Hassan A, Azim A, Mohler MJ, Kulvatunyou N et al (2017) Redefining the association between old age and poor outcomes after trauma: the impact of frailty syndrome. J Trauma Acute Care Surg 82(3):575\u2013581. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/TA.0000000000001329","journal-title":"J Trauma Acute Care Surg"},{"issue":"3","key":"5661_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"812","DOI":"10.1016\/j.surg.2022.07.046","volume":"173","author":"LR Feng","year":"2023","unstructured":"Feng LR, Lilienthal M, Galet C, Skeete DA (2023) Frailty as a predictor of negative outcomes in trauma patients with rib fractures. Surgery 173(3):812\u2013820. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.surg.2022.07.046","journal-title":"Surgery"}],"container-title":["Archives of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00402-024-05661-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00402-024-05661-3","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00402-024-05661-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,31]],"date-time":"2025-12-31T08:16:47Z","timestamp":1767169007000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00402-024-05661-3"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,21]]},"references-count":37,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["5661"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00402-024-05661-3","relation":{},"ISSN":["1434-3916"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"1434-3916"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,21]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2 February 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"17 October 2024","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"21 December 2024","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"MH received funding grants from the AO Trauma Research Consortium, and was previously a board member of the New England Orthopaedic Society and a consultant for Zimmer-Biomet; none of these had any role in the study conceptualization, interpretation of results, manuscript preparation, or any other part of this study. The other authors declare no conflict of interest.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"Ethical approval was waived by the Mass General Brigham institutional review board in view of the study's retrospective nature, and all the procedures being performed were part of the routine care.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}}],"article-number":"81"}}