{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,29]],"date-time":"2026-10-29T01:05:44Z","timestamp":1793235944500,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,24]],"date-time":"2025-04-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1745452800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,24]],"date-time":"2025-04-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1745452800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"funder":[{"name":"Conformis, Inc."}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Arch Orthop Trauma Surg"],"DOI":"10.1007\/s00402-025-05873-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,24]],"date-time":"2025-04-24T11:30:27Z","timestamp":1745494227000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Patient-Specific total knee arthroplasty for valgus osteoarthritis results in the use of minimal thickness polyethylene liners in low constraint implants"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"145","author":[{"given":"Nicholas","family":"Pagani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Mazzocco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emmanuel","family":"Thienpont","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eric","family":"Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"5873_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Nikolopoulos D, Michos I, Safos G, Safos P (2015) Current surgical strategies for total arthroplasty in valgus knee. World J Orthop. Published online. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5312\/wjo.v6.i6.469","DOI":"10.5312\/wjo.v6.i6.469"},{"key":"5873_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11420-017-9576-2","author":"CA Kahlenberg","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kahlenberg CA, Trivellas M, Lee Yyu, Padgett DE (2018) Preoperative valgus alignment does not predict inferior outcome of total knee arthroplasty. HSS J Published Online. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11420-017-9576-2","journal-title":"HSS J Published Online"},{"key":"5873_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Lange J, Haas SB (2017) Correcting severe valgus deformity. The Bone & Joint Journal. Published online. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1302\/0301-620x.99b1.bjj-2016-0340.r1","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620x.99b1.bjj-2016-0340.r1"},{"key":"5873_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Elkus M, Ranawat CS, Rasquinha VJ, Babhulkar S, Rossi R, Ranawat AS (2004) Total knee arthroplasty for severe valgus deformity: five to fourteen-year follow-up. J Bone Joint Surg. Published online. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2106\/00004623-200412000-00013","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-200412000-00013"},{"key":"5873_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Thienpont E, Schwab PE, Cornu O, Bellemans J, Victor J (2017) Bone morphotypes of the varus and valgus knee. Archives of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery. Published online. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00402-017-2626-x","DOI":"10.1007\/s00402-017-2626-x"},{"key":"5873_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Huang TW, Chuang PY, Lee CY et al (2016) Total knee arthroplasty in patients with Ranawat type-II valgus arthritic knee with a marked coronal femoral bowing deformity: comparison between computer-assisted surgery and intra-articular resection. J Orthop Surg Res. Published online. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13018-016-0422-x","DOI":"10.1186\/s13018-016-0422-x"},{"key":"5873_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-200412002-00010","author":"AV Lombardi","year":"2004","unstructured":"Lombardi AV, Dodds KL, Berend KR, Mallory TH, Adams JB (2004) An algorithmic approach to total knee arthroplasty in the valgus knee. J Bone Joint Surg. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2106\/00004623-200412002-00010","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg"},{"key":"5873_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Miyasaka KC, Ranawat CS, Mullaji A (1997) 10- to 20-year followup of total knee arthroplasty for valgus deformities. In: Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research.; https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/00003086-199712000-00006","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-199712000-00006"},{"key":"5873_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00264-007-0467-x","author":"Y Ishii","year":"2009","unstructured":"Ishii Y, Noguchi H, Matsuda Y, Kiga H, Takeda M, Toyabe SI (2009) Preoperative laxity in osteoarthritis patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty. Int Orthop Published Online. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00264-007-0467-x","journal-title":"Int Orthop Published Online"},{"key":"5873_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Krackow KA, Jones MM, Teeny SM, Hungerford DS (1991) Primary total knee arthroplasty in patients with fixed valgus deformity. In: Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research.; https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/00003086-199112000-00004","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-199112000-00004"},{"key":"5873_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Ranawat AS, Ranawat CS, Elkus M, Rasquinha VJ, Rossi R, Babhulkar S (2005) Total knee arthroplasty for severe valgus deformity. J Bone Joint Surg. Published online. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2106\/00004623-200509001-00010","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-200509001-00010"},{"key":"5873_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2014.03.001","author":"A Alghamdi","year":"2014","unstructured":"Alghamdi A, Rahm\u00e9 M, Lavigne M, Mass\u00e9 V, Vendittoli PA (2014) Tibia Valga morphology in Osteoarthritic knees: importance of preoperative full limb radiographs in total knee arthroplasty. J Arthroplasty Published Online. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.arth.2014.03.001","journal-title":"J Arthroplasty Published Online"},{"key":"5873_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Whiteside LA (1999) Selective ligament release in total knee arthroplasty of the knee in valgus. In: Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research.; https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/00003086-199910000-00016","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-199910000-00016"},{"key":"5873_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2016.03.034","author":"E Thienpont","year":"2016","unstructured":"Thienpont E, Parvizi J (2016) A new classification for the varus knee. J Arthroplasty Published Online. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.arth.2016.03.034","journal-title":"J Arthroplasty Published Online"},{"key":"5873_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Alesi D, Meena A, Fratini S et al (2022) Total knee arthroplasty in valgus knee deformity: is it still a challenge in 2021? Musculoskeletal surgery. Published online. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12306-021-00695-x","DOI":"10.1007\/s12306-021-00695-x"},{"key":"5873_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Kendoff D, Haasper C, Gehrke T, Klauser W, Sandiford N (2020) Management of gonarthrosis with a rotating hinge prosthesis: Minimum 10-year follow-up. CiOS Clinics in Orthopedic Surgery. Published online. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4055\/cios19153","DOI":"10.4055\/cios19153"},{"key":"5873_CR17","unstructured":"Thienpont E, Cornu O, Bellemans J, Victor J (2015) Current opinions about coronal plane alignment in total knee arthroplasty: A survey Article. Acta Orthop Belg. Published online."},{"key":"5873_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Hirschmann MT, Behrend H (2018) Functional knee phenotypes: a call for a more personalised and individualised approach to total knee arthroplasty? Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy. Published online. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00167-018-4973-8","DOI":"10.1007\/s00167-018-4973-8"},{"key":"5873_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Howell SM, Howell SJ, Kuznik KT, Cohen J, Hull ML (2013) Does a kinematically aligned total knee arthroplasty restore function without failure regardless of alignment category? Knee. Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research. Published online. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11999-012-2613-z","DOI":"10.1007\/s11999-012-2613-z"},{"key":"5873_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Brinkmann EJ, Fitz W (2021) Custom total knee: understanding the indication and process. Archives of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery. Published online. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00402-021-04172-9","DOI":"10.1007\/s00402-021-04172-9"},{"key":"5873_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Bagaria V, Kulkarni RV, Sadigale OS, Sahu D, Parvizi J, Thienpont E (2021) Varus knee deformity classification based on degree and Extra- or Intra-Articular location of coronal deformity and osteoarthritis grade. JBJS Reviews 9(10). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2106\/JBJS.RVW.20.00296","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.RVW.20.00296"},{"issue":"4","key":"5873_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1334","DOI":"10.1007\/s11999-012-2745-1","volume":"471","author":"S Okamoto","year":"2013","unstructured":"Okamoto S, Okazaki K, Mitsuyasu H, Matsuda S, Iwamoto Y (2013) Lateral soft tissue laxity increases but medial laxity does not contract with varus deformity in total knee arthroplasty. Clin Orthop Relat Res 471(4):1334\u20131342. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11999-012-2745-1","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"issue":"4","key":"5873_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1016\/j.asmart.2015.07.002","volume":"2","author":"S Matsuda","year":"2015","unstructured":"Matsuda S, Ito H (2015) Ligament balancing in total knee arthroplasty\u2014Medial stabilizing technique. Asia Pac J Sports Med Arthrosc Rehabil Technol 2(4):108\u2013113. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.asmart.2015.07.002","journal-title":"Asia Pac J Sports Med Arthrosc Rehabil Technol"},{"key":"5873_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100649","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jorep.2025.100649","volume":"17","author":"H Farooq","year":"2025","unstructured":"Farooq H, Oetojo W, Bajwa S, Brown NM (2025) Does thickness of the polyethylene insert impact complications and revisions following total knee arthroplasty? J Orthop Rep Published Online March 17:100649. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jorep.2025.100649","journal-title":"J Orthop Rep Published Online March"},{"key":"5873_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Thienpont E, Schwab PE, Paternostre F, Koch P (2014) Rotational alignment of the distal femur: anthropometric measurements with CT-based patient-specific instruments planning show high variability of the posterior condylar angle. Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy. Published online. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00167-014-3086-2","DOI":"10.1007\/s00167-014-3086-2"},{"key":"5873_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Thienpont E, Klasan A (2021) The dissatisfied total knee arthroplasty patient. New technologies-the white knight in shining armor coming to their rescue? Archives of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery. Published online. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00402-021-04218-y","DOI":"10.1007\/s00402-021-04218-y"},{"key":"5873_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12891-020-03707-2","author":"J Arnholdt","year":"2020","unstructured":"Arnholdt J, Kamawal Y, Horas K et al (2020) Accurate implant fit and leg alignment after cruciate-retaining patient-specific total knee arthroplasty. BMC Musculoskelet Disorders Published Online. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12891-020-03707-2","journal-title":"BMC Musculoskelet Disorders Published Online"},{"key":"5873_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2005.09.008","author":"PF Lachiewicz","year":"2006","unstructured":"Lachiewicz PF, Soileau ES (2006) Ten-Year survival and clinical results of constrained components in primary total knee arthroplasty. J Arthroplasty Published Online. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.arth.2005.09.008","journal-title":"J Arthroplasty Published Online"},{"key":"5873_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"McAuley JP, Collier MB, Hamilton WG, Tabaraee E, Engh GA (2008) Posterior cruciate-retaining total knee arthroplasty for valgus osteoarthritis. In: Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research.; https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11999-008-0436-8","DOI":"10.1007\/s11999-008-0436-8"},{"key":"5873_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Paternostre F, Schwab PE, Thienpont E (2014) The difference between weight-bearing and non-weight-bearing alignment in patient-specific instrumentation planning. Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy. Published online. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00167-013-2687-5","DOI":"10.1007\/s00167-013-2687-5"}],"container-title":["Archives of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00402-025-05873-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00402-025-05873-1","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00402-025-05873-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,31]],"date-time":"2025-12-31T08:18:40Z","timestamp":1767169120000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00402-025-05873-1"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,24]]},"references-count":30,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["5873"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00402-025-05873-1","relation":{},"ISSN":["1434-3916"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1434-3916","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,24]]},"assertion":[{"value":"11 February 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"9 April 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"24 April 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Declarations: Authors Nicholas Pagani, MD, and John Mazzocco, MD, have no interests to declare. Author Emmanuel Thienpont, MD, MBA, PhD, receives royalties from Conformis, Inc. (Boston, MA), Lima Corporate (Italy), and Zimmer Biomet (Warsaw, IN) and has given paid presentation for Conformis, Inc. (Boston, MA), Lima Corporate (Italy), Zimmer Biomet (Warsaw, IN), and Medacta (Switzerland). Author Emmanuel Thienpont, MD, MBA, PhD, has board member\/committee appointments in the European Knee Society. Author Eric Smith, MD, receives royalties from and has stock in Conformis, Inc. (Boston, MA) and is also a paid consultant for Conformis, Inc. (Boston, MA) and DePuy Synthes (Raynham, MA). Author Eric Smith, MD, has board member\/committee appointments in the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons and the American Association of Hip and Knee Surgeons.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"263"}}