{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,28]],"date-time":"2026-02-28T08:02:56Z","timestamp":1772265776108,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,9]],"date-time":"2026-02-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1770595200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,9]],"date-time":"2026-02-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1770595200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Arch Orthop Trauma Surg"],"DOI":"10.1007\/s00402-026-06197-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,9]],"date-time":"2026-02-09T11:44:23Z","timestamp":1770637463000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Clinical outcomes after medial open-wedge high tibial osteotomy are not affected by joint space in extension and flexion on standing radiographs"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"146","author":[{"given":"Kyung-Joo","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bum-Sik","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jong-Min","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ju-Ho","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Doo-Guen","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hyun-Soo","family":"Soh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,9]]},"reference":[{"issue":"9","key":"6197_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"575","DOI":"10.1007\/s00402-004-0728-8","volume":"124","author":"JD Agneskirchner","year":"2004","unstructured":"Agneskirchner JD, Hurschler C, Stukenborg-Colsman C, Imhoff AB, Lobenhoffer P (2004) Effect of high tibial flexion osteotomy on cartilage pressure and joint kinematics: a biomechanical study in human cadaveric knees. Winner of the AGA-DonJoy award 2004. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg 124(9):575\u2013584","journal-title":"Arch Orthop Trauma Surg"},{"issue":"12","key":"6197_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1548","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.90B12.21198","volume":"90","author":"JM Brinkman","year":"2008","unstructured":"Brinkman JM, Lobenhoffer P, Agneskirchner JD, Staubli AE, Wymenga AB, van Heerwaarden RJ (2008) Osteotomies around the knee: patient selection, stability of fixation and bone healing in high tibial osteotomies. J Bone Joint Surg Br 90(12):1548\u20131557","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Br"},{"issue":"5","key":"6197_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/23259671231166920","volume":"11","author":"JS Choe","year":"2023","unstructured":"Choe JS, Bin SI, Kim JM et al (2023) Association of medial meniscal volume with decreased joint space width after medial opening-wedge high tibial osteotomy. Orthop J Sports Med 11(5):23259671231166920","journal-title":"Orthop J Sports Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"6197_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"591","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.25403","volume":"41","author":"E De Pieri","year":"2023","unstructured":"De Pieri E, N\u00fcesch C, Pagenstert G, Viehweger E, Egloff C, M\u00fcndermann A (2023) High tibial osteotomy effectively redistributes compressive knee loads during walking. J Orthop Res 41(3):591\u2013600","journal-title":"J Orthop Res"},{"key":"6197_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"248","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-199201000-00025","volume":"274","author":"TW Dugdale","year":"1992","unstructured":"Dugdale TW, Noyes FR, Styer D (1992) Preoperative planning for high tibial osteotomy. The effect of lateral tibiofemoral separation and tibiofemoral length. Clin Orthop Relat Res 274:248\u2013264","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"6197_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"585","DOI":"10.1016\/S0030-5898(20)30753-7","volume":"10","author":"Y Fujisawa","year":"1979","unstructured":"Fujisawa Y, Masuhara K, Shiomi S (1979) The effect of high tibial osteotomy on osteoarthritis of the knee. An arthroscopic study of 54 knee joints. Orthop Clin North Am 10(3):585\u2013608","journal-title":"Orthop Clin North Am"},{"issue":"1","key":"6197_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-18442-y","volume":"12","author":"Y Hiranaka","year":"2022","unstructured":"Hiranaka Y, Muratsu H, Tsubosaka M et al (2022) Influence of posterior tibial slope on sagittal knee alignment with comparing contralateral knees of anterior cruciate ligament injured patients to healthy knees. Sci Rep 12(1):14071","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"1","key":"6197_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s43019-021-00130-2","volume":"34","author":"BY Kang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Kang BY, Lee DK, Kim HS, Wang JH (2022) How to achieve an optimal alignment in medial opening wedge high tibial osteotomy? Knee Surg Relat Res 34(1):3","journal-title":"Knee Surg Relat Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"6197_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"915","DOI":"10.1016\/j.knee.2020.01.007","volume":"27","author":"SS Lee","year":"2020","unstructured":"Lee SS, Lee HI, Cho ST, Cho JH (2020) Comparison of the outcomes between two different target points after open wedge high tibial osteotomy: the Fujisawa point versus the lateral tibial spine. Knee 27(3):915\u2013922","journal-title":"Knee"},{"key":"6197_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fbioe.2025.1525542","volume":"13","author":"J Li","year":"2025","unstructured":"Li J, Yang Q, Zhang M et al (2025) Factors influencing the posterior tibial slope after medial opening-wedge high tibial osteotomy. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 13:1525542","journal-title":"Front Bioeng Biotechnol"},{"issue":"12","key":"6197_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/23259671231213595","volume":"11","author":"A Mabrouk","year":"2023","unstructured":"Mabrouk A, An JS, Fernandes LR, Kley K, Jacquet C, Ollivier M (2023) Maintaining posterior tibial slope and patellar height during medial opening wedge high tibial osteotomy. Orthop J Sports Med 11(12):23259671231213595","journal-title":"Orthop J Sports Med"},{"issue":"10","key":"6197_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1899","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2015.04.017","volume":"48","author":"H Marouane","year":"2015","unstructured":"Marouane H, Shirazi-Adl A, Hashemi J (2015) Quantification of the role of tibial posterior slope in knee joint mechanics and ACL force in simulated gait. J Biomech 48(10):1899\u20131905","journal-title":"J Biomech"},{"key":"6197_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-198909000-00035","volume":"246","author":"A Miniaci","year":"1989","unstructured":"Miniaci A, Ballmer FT, Ballmer PM, Jakob RP (1989) Proximal tibial osteotomy. A new fixation device. Clin Orthop Relat Res 246:250\u2013259","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"6197_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1429","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-021-08253-6","volume":"32","author":"Y Miura","year":"2022","unstructured":"Miura Y, Ozeki N, Katano H et al (2022) Difference in the joint space of the medial knee compartment between full extension and Rosenberg weight-bearing radiographs. Eur Radiol 32(3):1429\u20131437","journal-title":"Eur Radiol"},{"issue":"9","key":"6197_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2349","DOI":"10.1007\/s00402-021-04136-z","volume":"142","author":"JF Mortensen","year":"2022","unstructured":"Mortensen JF, Kappel A, Rasmussen LE, \u00d8stgaard SE, Odgaard A (2022) The Rosenberg view and coronal stress radiographs give similar measurements of articular cartilage height in knees with osteoarthritis. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg 142(9):2349\u20132360","journal-title":"Arch Orthop Trauma Surg"},{"issue":"7","key":"6197_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e21.00141","DOI":"10.5435\/JAAOSGlobal-D-21-00141","volume":"5","author":"R Murray","year":"2021","unstructured":"Murray R, Winkler PW, Shaikh HS, Musahl V (2021) High tibial osteotomy for varus deformity of the knee. J Am Acad Orthop Surg Glob Res Rev 5(7):e21.00141. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5435\/JAAOSGlobal-D-21-00141","journal-title":"J Am Acad Orthop Surg Glob Res Rev"},{"issue":"11","key":"6197_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3006","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546515626172","volume":"44","author":"KW Nha","year":"2016","unstructured":"Nha KW, Kim HJ, Ahn HS, Lee DH (2016) Change in posterior tibial slope after Open-Wedge and Closed-Wedge high tibial osteotomy: a meta-analysis. Am J Sports Med 44(11):3006\u20133013","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"6197_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2021","DOI":"10.1007\/s00167-018-5121-1","volume":"27","author":"KW Nha","year":"2019","unstructured":"Nha KW, Oh SM, Ha YW, Patel MK, Seo JH, Lee BH (2019) Radiological grading of osteoarthritis on Rosenberg view has a significant correlation with clinical outcomes after medial open-wedge high-tibial osteotomy. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 27(6):2021\u20132029","journal-title":"Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc"},{"issue":"6","key":"6197_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1322","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546512439180","volume":"40","author":"FA Petrigliano","year":"2012","unstructured":"Petrigliano FA, Suero EM, Voos JE, Pearle AD, Allen AA (2012) The effect of proximal tibial slope on dynamic stability testing of the posterior cruciate ligament- and posterolateral corner-deficient knee. Am J Sports Med 40(6):1322\u20131328","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"issue":"10","key":"6197_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1479","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-198870100-00006","volume":"70","author":"TD Rosenberg","year":"1988","unstructured":"Rosenberg TD, Paulos LE, Parker RD, Coward DB, Scott SM (1988) The forty-five-degree posteroanterior flexion weight-bearing radiograph of the knee. J Bone Joint Surg Am 70(10):1479\u20131483","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"issue":"7","key":"6197_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2181","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2021.01.065","volume":"37","author":"JJ Ruzbarsky","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ruzbarsky JJ, Arner JW, Dornan GJ, Provencher MT, Vidal AF (2021) Tibial slope can be maintained during medial opening-wedge proximal tibial osteotomy with sagittally oriented hinge, posterior plate position, and knee hyperextension: a cadaveric study. Arthroscopy 37(7):2181\u20132188","journal-title":"Arthroscopy"},{"issue":"1","key":"6197_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMcp1903768","volume":"384","author":"L Sharma","year":"2021","unstructured":"Sharma L (2021) Osteoarthritis of the knee. N Engl J Med 384(1):51\u201359","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"6197_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.21242","volume":"29","author":"KB Shelburne","year":"2011","unstructured":"Shelburne KB, Kim HJ, Sterett WI, Pandy MG (2011) Effect of posterior tibial slope on knee biomechanics during functional activity. J Orthop Res 29(2):223\u2013231","journal-title":"J Orthop Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"6197_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2008.08.015","volume":"25","author":"R Takeuchi","year":"2009","unstructured":"Takeuchi R, Ishikawa H, Aratake M et al (2009) Medial opening wedge high tibial osteotomy with early full weight bearing. Arthroscopy 25(1):46\u201353","journal-title":"Arthroscopy"},{"issue":"4","key":"6197_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.5435\/00124635-200507000-00007","volume":"13","author":"JM Wright","year":"2005","unstructured":"Wright JM, Crockett HC, Slawski DP, Madsen MW, Windsor RE (2005) High tibial osteotomy. J Am Acad Orthop Surg 13(4):279\u2013289","journal-title":"J Am Acad Orthop Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"6197_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"780","DOI":"10.1186\/s13018-023-04281-8","volume":"18","author":"HR Yazdi","year":"2023","unstructured":"Yazdi HR, Torkaman A, Ebrahimzadeh Babaki A, Soleimani M, Eslami A (2023) Fixation method can affect posterior tibial slope in opening-wedge high tibial osteotomy: a retrospective study. J Orthop Surg Res 18(1):780","journal-title":"J Orthop Surg Res"}],"container-title":["Archives of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00402-026-06197-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00402-026-06197-4","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00402-026-06197-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,28]],"date-time":"2026-02-28T04:56:45Z","timestamp":1772254605000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00402-026-06197-4"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,9]]},"references-count":26,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["6197"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00402-026-06197-4","relation":{},"ISSN":["1434-3916"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1434-3916","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"8 July 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"6 January 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"9 February 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"26 February 2026","order":5,"name":"change_date","label":"Change Date","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"Update","order":6,"name":"change_type","label":"Change Type","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"Affiliation 2 has been updated","order":7,"name":"change_details","label":"Change Details","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"This article does not contain any studies with human participants or animals performed by any of the authors.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}}],"article-number":"56"}}