{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T03:49:19Z","timestamp":1789530559221,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,12,23]],"date-time":"2009-12-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1261526400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Arch Dermatol Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,5]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00403-009-1012-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,12,22]],"date-time":"2009-12-22T08:45:15Z","timestamp":1261471515000},"page":"301-306","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["Imiquimod induces apoptosis of human melanocytes"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"302","author":[{"given":"Chul-Ho","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joo Hee","family":"Ahn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sung Un","family":"Kang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hye Sook","family":"Hwang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mi Hye","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jung Hee","family":"Pyun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hee Young","family":"Kang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,12,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"1012_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1002","DOI":"10.1016\/S0190-9622(99)70261-6","volume":"41","author":"KR Beutner","year":"1999","unstructured":"Beutner KR, Geisse JK, Helman D, Fox TL, Ginkel A, Owens ML (1999) Therapeutic response of basal cell carcinoma to the immune response modifier imiquimod 5% cream. J Am Acad Dermatol 41:1002\u20131007","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"1012_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"715","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2004.10.861","volume":"52","author":"T Brown","year":"2005","unstructured":"Brown T, Zirvi M, Cotsarelis G, Gelfand JM (2005) Vitiligo-like hypopigmentation associated with imiquimod treatment of genital warts. J Am Acad Dermatol 52:715\u2013716","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"1012_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0749.2007.00365.x","volume":"20","author":"TY Choi","year":"2007","unstructured":"Choi TY, Kim JH, Ko DH et al (2007) Zebrafish as a new model for phenotype-based screening of melanogenic regulatory compounds. Pigment Cell Res 20:120\u2013127","journal-title":"Pigment Cell Res"},{"key":"1012_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S205","DOI":"10.1067\/mjd.2002.126586","volume":"47","author":"MV Dahl","year":"2002","unstructured":"Dahl MV (2002) Imiquimod: a cytokine inducer. J Am Acad Dermatol 47:S205\u2013S208","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"1012_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9440(10)63657-7","volume":"163","author":"J Du","year":"2003","unstructured":"Du J, Miller AJ, Widlund HR, Horstmann MA, Ramaswamy S, Fisher DE (2003) MLANA\/MART1 and SILV\/PMEL17\/GP100 are transcriptionally regulated by MITF in melanocytes and melanoma. Am J Pathol 163:333\u2013343","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"key":"1012_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1712","DOI":"10.1101\/gad.14.14.1712","volume":"14","author":"CR Goding","year":"2000","unstructured":"Goding CR (2000) Mitf from neural crest to melanoma: signal transduction and transcription in the melanocyte lineage. Genes Dev 14:1712\u20131728","journal-title":"Genes Dev"},{"key":"1012_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"878","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0560.2008.01134.x","volume":"36","author":"S Gowda","year":"2009","unstructured":"Gowda S, Tillman DK, Fitzpatrick JE, Gaspari AA, Goldenberg G (2009) Imiquimod-induced vitiligo after treatment of nodular basal cell carcinoma. Cutan Pathol 36:878\u2013881","journal-title":"Cutan Pathol"},{"key":"1012_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"575","DOI":"10.1177\/1087057106288051","volume":"11","author":"JR Inglefield","year":"2006","unstructured":"Inglefield JR, Larson CJ, Gibson SJ, Lebrec H, Miller RL (2006) Apoptotic responses in squamous carcinoma and epithelial cells to small-molecule toll-like receptor agonists evaluated with automated cytometry. J Biomol Screen 11:575\u2013585","journal-title":"J Biomol Screen"},{"key":"1012_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1046\/j.0366-077X.2003.05636.x","volume":"149","author":"SE Jacob","year":"2003","unstructured":"Jacob SE, Berman B, Nassiri M, Vincek V (2003) Topical application of imiquimod 5% cream to keloids alters expression genes associated with apoptosis. Br J Dermatol 149:62\u201365","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"1012_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0625.2006.00521.x","volume":"16","author":"HY Kang","year":"2007","unstructured":"Kang HY, Lee JY, Lee JS, Choi YM (2007) Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors-\u03b3 activator, ciglitazone, inhibits human melanocyte. Exp Dermatol 16:118\u2013123","journal-title":"Exp Dermatol"},{"key":"1012_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1038\/jid.2008.184","volume":"129","author":"HY Kang","year":"2009","unstructured":"Kang HY, Park TJ, Jin SH (2009) Imiquimod, a Toll-like receptor 7 agonist, inhibits melanogenesis and proliferation of human melanocytes. J Invest Dermatol 129:243\u2013246","journal-title":"J Invest Dermatol"},{"key":"1012_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0022-202X.2004.23540.x","volume":"124","author":"S Kimura","year":"2005","unstructured":"Kimura S, Kawakami T, Kawa Y et al (2005) Bcl-2 reduced and fas activated by the inhibition of stem cell factor\/KIT signaling in murine melanocyte precursors. J Invest Dermatol 124:229\u2013234","journal-title":"J Invest Dermatol"},{"key":"1012_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.1002\/path.1538","volume":"202","author":"R Kitamura","year":"2004","unstructured":"Kitamura R, Tsukamoto K, Harada K et al (2004) Mechanisms underlying the dysfunction of melanocytes in vitiligo epidermis: role of SCF\/KIT protein interactions and the downstream effector, MITF-M. J Pathol 202:463\u2013475","journal-title":"J Pathol"},{"key":"1012_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"707","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(02)00762-6","volume":"14","author":"GG McGill","year":"2002","unstructured":"McGill GG, Horstmann M, Widlund HR et al (2002) Bcl2 regulation by the melanocyte master regulator Mitf modulates lineage survival and melanoma cell viability. Cell 14:707\u2013718","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"1012_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1046\/j.0366-077X.2003.05632.x","volume":"149","author":"T Meyer","year":"2003","unstructured":"Meyer T, Nindl I, Schmook T, Ulrich C, Sterry W, Stockfleth E (2003) Induction of apoptosis by Toll-like receptor-7 agonist in tissue cultures. Br J Dermatol 149:9\u201314","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"1012_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0749.2003.00023.x","volume":"16","author":"K Ongenae","year":"2003","unstructured":"Ongenae K, Van Geel N, Naeyaert JM (2003) Evidence for an autoimmune pathogenesis of vitiligo. Pigment Cell Res 16:90\u2013100","journal-title":"Pigment Cell Res"},{"key":"1012_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"571","DOI":"10.1042\/BJ20051388","volume":"395","author":"HY Park","year":"2006","unstructured":"Park HY, Wu C, Yonemoto L et al (2006) MITF mediates cAMP-induced protein kinase C-beta expression in human melanocytes. Biochem J 395:571\u2013578","journal-title":"Biochem J"},{"issue":"Suppl","key":"1012_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaut.2005.10.001","volume":"25","author":"T Passeron","year":"2005","unstructured":"Passeron T, Ortonne JP (2005) Physiopathology and genetics of vitiligo. J Autoimmun 25(Suppl):63\u201368","journal-title":"J Autoimmun"},{"key":"1012_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"751","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-1747.1999.00584.x","volume":"112","author":"D Peus","year":"1999","unstructured":"Peus D, Vasa RA, Beyerle A et al (1999) UVB activates ERK1\/2 and p38 signaling pathways via reactive oxygen species in cultured keratinocytes. J Invest Dermatol 112:751\u2013756","journal-title":"J Invest Dermatol"},{"key":"1012_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S6","DOI":"10.1067\/mjd.2000.107808","volume":"43","author":"DN Sauder","year":"2000","unstructured":"Sauder DN (2000) Immunomodulatory and pharmacologic properties of imiquimod. J Am Acad Dermatol 43:S6\u2013S11","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"1012_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1266","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0022-202X.2004.22528.x","volume":"122","author":"MP Sch\u00f6n","year":"2004","unstructured":"Sch\u00f6n MP, Wienrich BG, Drewniok C et al (2004) Death receptor-independent apoptosis in malignant melanoma induced by the small-molecule immune response modifier imiquimod. J Invest Dermatol 122:1266\u20131276","journal-title":"J Invest Dermatol"},{"key":"1012_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"755","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-3083.2006.01533.x","volume":"20","author":"C Stefanaki","year":"2006","unstructured":"Stefanaki C, Nicolaidou E, Hadjivassiliou M, Antoniou C, Katsambas A (2006) Imiquimod-induced vitiligo in a patient with genital warts. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 20:755\u2013756","journal-title":"J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol"},{"key":"1012_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"656","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2004.06094.x","volume":"15","author":"D Vidal","year":"2004","unstructured":"Vidal D, Mat\u00edas-Guiu X, Alomar A (2004) Efficacy of imiquimod for the expression of Bcl-2, Ki67, p53 and basal cell carcinoma apoptosis. Br J Dermatol 15:656\u2013662","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"1012_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2006.07233.x","volume":"155","author":"C Ulrich","year":"2006","unstructured":"Ulrich C, Busch JO, Meyer T et al (2006) Successful treatment of multiple actinic keratoses in organ transplant patients with topical 5% imiquimod: a report of six cases. Br J Dermatol 155:451\u2013454","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"}],"container-title":["Archives of Dermatological Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00403-009-1012-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00403-009-1012-0\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00403-009-1012-0","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,27]],"date-time":"2023-05-27T23:44:58Z","timestamp":1685231098000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00403-009-1012-0"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2009,12,23]]},"references-count":24,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,5]]}},"alternative-id":["1012"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00403-009-1012-0","relation":{},"ISSN":["0340-3696","1432-069X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0340-3696","type":"print"},{"value":"1432-069X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2009,12,23]]}}}