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In recent years, adipokines (mediators synthetized by adipose tissue) have been indicated as a possible missing link in the pathogenesis of SSc. The aim of this study was to investigate the serum concentration of metabolic adipose tissue factors: adiponectin, resistin, leptin and endothelial proteins: endothelin-1, fractalkine and galectin-3 in patients with\u00a0systemic sclerosis. The study included 100 patients with confirmed\u00a0SSc diagnosis and 20 healthy individuals. The concentration of respective proteins was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The following markers showed statistically significant increased mean concentrations in patients with SSc in comparison to healthy control: resistin (13.41 vs 8.54\u00a0ng\/mL; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.0012), endothelin-1 (1.99 vs 1.31\u00a0pg\/mL; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.0072) and fractalkine (2.93 vs 1.68\u00a0ng\/mL; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.0007). Elevated serum levels of galectin-3 (4.54 vs 3.26\u00a0ng\/mL; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.0672) and leptin (19,542 vs 14,210\u00a0pg\/mL; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.1817) were observed. Decreased concentration of adiponectin was found in patients with SSc (5150 vs 8847\u00a0pg\/mL; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.0001). Fractalkine and galectin-3 levels were significantly higher in diffuse cutaneous SSc than limited cutaneous SSc subset (3.93\u00a0ng\/mL vs 2.58\u00a0ng\/mL, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.0018; 6.86\u00a0ng\/mL vs 3.78\u00a0ng\/mL, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.0008, respectively) and correlated positively with modified Rodnan Skin Score in total SSc patients (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.376, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.0009; <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.236, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.018, respectively).  In conclusion, an increased serum level of resistin associated with increased endothelin-1 and fractalkine level and decreased adiponectin level may indicate a significant role of the adipose tissue in the development and progression of vascular abnormalities in patients with systemic sclerosis. Fractalkine and galectin-3 may participate in promoting and exacerbating the fibrotic process in SSc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00403-019-01993-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,30]],"date-time":"2019-10-30T20:53:50Z","timestamp":1572468830000},"page":"453-458","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Altered serum level of metabolic and endothelial factors in patients with systemic sclerosis"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"312","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4447-282X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anna","family":"Stochmal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6139-7281","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joanna","family":"Czuwara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3211-4278","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Micha\u0142","family":"Zaremba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8308-1023","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lidia","family":"Rudnicka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"1993_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"483","DOI":"10.5114\/dr.2017.71214","volume":"104","author":"D Krasowska","year":"2017","unstructured":"Krasowska D, Rudnicka L, Da\u0144czak-Pazdrowska A, Chodorowska G, Wo\u017aniacka A, Lis-\u015awi\u0119ty A, Czuwara J, Maj J, Majewski S, Sysa-J\u0119drzejowska A, Wojas-Pelc A (2017) Systemic sclerosis\u2014diagnostic and therapeutic recommendations of the Polish Dermatological Society. 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This article does not contain any studies with animals performed by any of the authors.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}},{"value":"Informed consent was obtained from all individuals included in the study.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Informed consent"}}]}}