{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T19:24:08Z","timestamp":1789759448183,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,19]],"date-time":"2023-01-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1674086400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,19]],"date-time":"2023-01-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1674086400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Universidad Alfonso X El Sabio"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Arch Dermatol Res"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Vulvar lichen sclerosus (LS) is a chronic, progressive, autoimmune dermatologic condition that causes cutaneous changes accompanied by pruritus and pain. There remains a small population with vulvar LS refractory to topical corticosteroids. Injection of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) has been reported to have positive effects on tissue repair. The aim of this pilot study was to evaluate changes in symptom scores during and after PRP vulvar infiltration.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Three PRP infiltrations were administered to 28 female postmenopausal patients with biopsy-proved LS with unsatisfactory response to steroid therapy. Change in score according to the Clinical Scoring System for Vulvar Lichen Sclerosus (CSS) was measured on six occasions over the course of a year. We used growth curve modeling to measure change over the period of the study.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Women in our study experienced a statistically significant improvement in auto-assessed symptoms of vulvar lichen sclerosus, and this improvement appears to be maintained throughout the monitoring year.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Platelet-rich plasma may have a role in symptom relief in certain cases of patients with LS that do not respond to first-line therapy.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00403-023-02529-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,19]],"date-time":"2023-01-19T10:13:30Z","timestamp":1674123210000},"page":"1527-1532","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Mid-term symptomatic relief after platelet-rich plasma infiltration in vulvar lichen sclerosus"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"315","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4887-380X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carola","family":"Medina Garrido","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alejandra","family":"Cano Garc\u00eda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lidia","family":"de la Cruz Cea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ana B.","family":"Oreja Cuesta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,19]]},"reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"2529_CR1","first-page":"351","volume":"40","author":"KL Dalziel","year":"1995","unstructured":"Dalziel KL (1995) Effect of lichen sclerosus on sexual function and parturition. J Reprod Med 40(5):351\u2013354","journal-title":"J Reprod Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"2529_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"787","DOI":"10.1111\/bjd.12137","volume":"168","author":"CA Lansdorp","year":"2013","unstructured":"Lansdorp CA, van den Hondel KE, Korfage IJ, van Gestel MJ, van der Meijden WI (2013) Quality of life in Dutch women with lichen sclerosus. Br J Dermatol 168(4):787\u2013793. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/bjd.12137","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"issue":"10","key":"2529_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1061","DOI":"10.1001\/jamadermatol.2015.0643","volume":"151","author":"A Lee","year":"2015","unstructured":"Lee A, Bradford J, Fischer G (2015) Long-term management of adult vulvar lichen sclerosus: a prospective cohort study of 507 women. JAMA Dermatol 151(10):1061\u20131067. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamadermatol.2015.0643","journal-title":"JAMA Dermatol"},{"issue":"1","key":"2529_CR4","first-page":"37","volume":"38","author":"GL Bracco","year":"1993","unstructured":"Bracco GL, Carli P, Sonni L, Maestrini G, De Marco A, Taddei GL, Cattaneo A (1993) Clinical and histologic effects of topical treatments of vulval lichen sclerosus A critical evaluation. J Reprod Med 38(1):37\u201340","journal-title":"J Reprod Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"2529_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.14516","volume":"32","author":"A Borghi","year":"2018","unstructured":"Borghi A, Virgili A, Minghetti S, Toni G, Corazza M (2018) Clearance in vulvar lichen sclerosus: a realistic treatment endpoint or a chimera? J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 32(1):96\u2013101. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jdv.14516","journal-title":"J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol"},{"issue":"1","key":"2529_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0000000000003944","volume":"136","author":"American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists' Committee on Practice Bulletins\u2014Gynecology","year":"2020","unstructured":"American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists\u2019 Committee on Practice Bulletins\u2014Gynecology (2020) Diagnosis and management of vulvar skin disorders ACOG practice bulletin. Obstet Gynecol 136(1):e1\u2013e14. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/AOG.0000000000003944","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"5","key":"2529_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"266","DOI":"10.1007\/s00404-006-0151-1","volume":"274","author":"HJ Strittmatter","year":"2006","unstructured":"Strittmatter HJ, Hengge UR, Blecken SR (2006) Calcineurin antagonists in vulvar lichen sclerosus. Arch Gynecol Obstet 274(5):266\u2013270. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00404-006-0151-1","journal-title":"Arch Gynecol Obstet"},{"issue":"7","key":"2529_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"511","DOI":"10.1007\/s00403-016-1676-1","volume":"308","author":"T Stessuk","year":"2016","unstructured":"Stessuk T, Puzzi MB, Chaim EA, Alves PC, de Paula EV, Forte A, Izumizawa JM, Oliveira CC, Frei F, Ribeiro-Paes JT (2016) Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells: stimulatory effects on proliferation and migration of fibroblasts and keratinocytes in vitro. Arch Dermatol Res. 308(7):511\u201320. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00403-016-1676-1","journal-title":"Arch Dermatol Res."},{"issue":"3","key":"2529_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"757","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.22274","volume":"225","author":"P Bendinelli","year":"2010","unstructured":"Bendinelli P, Matteucci E, Dogliotti G, Corsi MM, Banfi G, Maroni P, Desiderio MA (2010) Molecular basis of anti-inflammatory action of platelet-rich plasma on human chondrocytes: mechanisms of NF-\u03baB inhibition via HGF. J Cell Physiol 225(3):757\u2013766. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jcp.22274","journal-title":"J Cell Physiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"2529_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2016.07.037","volume":"76","author":"AT Goldstein","year":"2017","unstructured":"Goldstein AT, King M, Runels C, Gloth M, Pfau R (2017) Intradermal injection of autologous platelet-rich plasma for the treatment of vulvar lichen sclerosus. J Am Acad Dermatol 76(1):158\u2013160. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jaad.2016.07.037","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"issue":"2","key":"2529_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e58","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.15190","volume":"33","author":"M Tedesco","year":"2019","unstructured":"Tedesco M, Pranteda G, Chichierchia G et al (2019) The use of PRP (platelet-rich plasma) in patients affected by genital lichen sclerosus: clinical analysis and results. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 33(2):e58\u2013e59. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jdv.15190","journal-title":"J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol"},{"issue":"6","key":"2529_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1788","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2018.12.060","volume":"80","author":"AT Goldstein","year":"2019","unstructured":"Goldstein AT, Mitchell L, Govind V, Heller D (2019) A randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial of autologous platelet-rich plasma intradermal injections for the treatment of vulvar lichen sclerosus. J Am Acad Dermatol 80(6):1788\u20131789. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jaad.2018.12.060","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"2529_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09546634.2020.1854650","author":"M Tedesco","year":"2020","unstructured":"Tedesco M, Garelli V, Bellei B et al (2020) Platelet-rich plasma for genital lichen sclerosus: analysis and results of 94 patients Are there gender-related differences in symptoms and therapeutic response to PRP? J Dermatolog Treat. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/09546634.2020.1854650","journal-title":"J Dermatolog Treat"},{"issue":"4","key":"2529_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0250007","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0250007","volume":"16","author":"J Nazaroff","year":"2021","unstructured":"Nazaroff J, Oyadomari S, Brown N, Wang D (2021) Reporting in clinical studies on platelet-rich plasma therapy among all medical specialties: A systematic review of Level I and II studies. PLoS One 16(4):e0250007. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0250007","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"9","key":"2529_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2342","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1743-6109.2012.02814.x","volume":"9","author":"AR G\u00fcnthert","year":"2012","unstructured":"G\u00fcnthert AR, Duclos K, Jahns BG et al (2012) Clinical scoring system for vulvar lichen sclerosus. J Sex Med 9(9):2342\u20132350. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1743-6109.2012.02814.x","journal-title":"J Sex Med"},{"key":"2529_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101001","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dcn.2021.101001","volume":"51","author":"EM McCormick","year":"2021","unstructured":"McCormick EM (2021) Multi-Level Multi-Growth Models: New opportunities for addressing developmental theory using advanced longitudinal designs with planned missingness. Dev Cogn Neurosci 51:101001. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.dcn.2021.101001","journal-title":"Dev Cogn Neurosci"},{"issue":"2","key":"2529_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1080\/15248371003699969","volume":"11","author":"PJ Curran","year":"2010","unstructured":"Curran PJ, Obeidat K, Losardo D (2010) Twelve frequently asked questions about growth curve modeling. J Cogn Dev 11(2):121\u2013136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/15248371003699969","journal-title":"J Cogn Dev"},{"issue":"2","key":"2529_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1093\/jpepsy\/jst048","volume":"39","author":"TD Little","year":"2014","unstructured":"Little TD, Jorgensen TD, Lang KM, Moore EWG (2014) On the joys of missing data. J Pediatr Psychol 39(2):151\u2013162. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/jpepsy\/jst048","journal-title":"J Pediatr Psychol"},{"issue":"3","key":"2529_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1097\/LGT.0000000000000534","volume":"24","author":"M Sheinis","year":"2020","unstructured":"Sheinis M, Green N, Vieira-Baptista P et al (2020) Adult vulvar lichen sclerosus: can experts agree on the assessment of disease severity? J Low Genita Tract Dis 24(3):295\u2013298. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/LGT.0000000000000534","journal-title":"J Low Genita Tract Dis"},{"issue":"2","key":"2529_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1111\/ajd.13197","volume":"61","author":"C Felmingham","year":"2020","unstructured":"Felmingham C, Chan L, Doyle LW, Veysey E (2020) The vulval disease quality of life index in women with vulval lichen sclerosus correlates with clinician and symptom scores. Aust J Dermatol 61(2):110\u2013118. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/ajd.13197","journal-title":"Aust J Dermatol"},{"issue":"1","key":"2529_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"364","DOI":"10.1177\/1947603520931170","volume":"13","author":"G Filardo","year":"2021","unstructured":"Filardo G, Previtali D, Napoli F, Candrian C, Zaffagnini S, Grassi A (2021) PRP Injections for the treatment of knee osteoarthritis: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Cartilage 13(1):364\u2013375. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1947603520931170","journal-title":"Cartilage"}],"container-title":["Archives of Dermatological Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00403-023-02529-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00403-023-02529-1\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00403-023-02529-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,12]],"date-time":"2023-07-12T16:05:52Z","timestamp":1689177952000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00403-023-02529-1"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,19]]},"references-count":21,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,8]]}},"alternative-id":["2529"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00403-023-02529-1","relation":{},"ISSN":["1432-069X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1432-069X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,19]]},"assertion":[{"value":"8 November 2022","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"30 December 2022","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"6 January 2023","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"19 January 2023","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare that no funds, grants, or other support were received during the preparation of this manuscript. The authors have no relevant financial or non-financial interests to disclose.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"This study was performed in line with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. Approval was granted by the Ethics Committee of Hospital Universitario del Tajo.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}},{"value":"Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Informed consent"}}]}}