{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,15]],"date-time":"2025-10-15T10:38:51Z","timestamp":1760524731109,"version":"3.40.3"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,4]],"date-time":"2025-04-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743724800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,4]],"date-time":"2025-04-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743724800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Arch Dermatol Res"],"DOI":"10.1007\/s00403-025-04070-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,5]],"date-time":"2025-04-05T17:37:41Z","timestamp":1743874661000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Efficacy of topical tacrolimus 0.03% ointment in combination with microneedling versus topical phenytoin 2% cream in combination with microneedling for the treatment of non-segmental facial vitiligo"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"317","author":[{"given":"Rabab Khaled","family":"Abdelaziz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hassan Abou Khodair","family":"Mohammed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4756-5100","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ibrahim","family":"Fouda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,4]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"4070_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1007\/s12016-021-08868-z","volume":"61","author":"Y Wang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Wang Y, Li S, Li C (2021) Clinical features, immunopathogenesis, and therapeutic strategies in vitiligo. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol 61(3):299\u2013323","journal-title":"Clin Rev Allergy Immunol"},{"key":"4070_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coi.2016.09.008","volume":"43","author":"JP Strassner","year":"2016","unstructured":"Strassner JP, Harris JE (2016) Understanding mechanisms of autoimmunity through translational research in vitiligo. Curr Opin Immunol 43:81\u201388","journal-title":"Curr Opin Immunol"},{"issue":"4 Suppl 2","key":"4070_CR3","first-page":"e20233316S","volume":"13","author":"AV Marzano","year":"2023","unstructured":"Marzano AV, Alberti-Violetti S, Maronese CA et al (2023) Vitiligo: unmet need, management and treatment guidelines. Dermatol Pract Concept 13(4 Suppl 2):e20233316S","journal-title":"Dermatol Pract Concept"},{"key":"4070_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(14)60763-7","volume":"386","author":"K Ezzedine","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ezzedine K, Ele Heriadou V, Whitton M, van Geel N (2015) Vitiligo. Lancet 386:74\u201384","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"6","key":"4070_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/dth.14297","volume":"33","author":"A Salloum","year":"2020","unstructured":"Salloum A, Bazzi N, Maalouf D et al (2020) Microneedling in vitiligo: a systematic review. Dermatol Ther 33(6):e14297","journal-title":"Dermatol Ther"},{"key":"4070_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1549","DOI":"10.1007\/s10103-018-2516-7","volume":"33","author":"Y-J Chiu","year":"2018","unstructured":"Chiu Y-J, Perng C-K, Ma H (2018) Fractional CO2 laser contributes to the treatment of non-segmental vitiligo as an adjunct therapy: a systemic review and meta-analysis. Lasers Med Sci 33:1549\u20131556","journal-title":"Lasers Med Sci"},{"issue":"3","key":"4070_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/srt.13642","volume":"30","author":"A Jafarzadeh","year":"2024","unstructured":"Jafarzadeh A, Pour Mohammad A, Khosravi M et al (2024) A systematic review of case series and clinical trials investigating systemic oral or injectable therapies for the treatment of vitiligo. Skin Res Technol 30(3):e13642","journal-title":"Skin Res Technol"},{"issue":"4_suppl","key":"4070_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27S","DOI":"10.1177\/1203475419857668","volume":"23","author":"L Guenther","year":"2019","unstructured":"Guenther L, Lynde C, Poulin Y (2019) Off-label use of topical calcineurin inhibitors in dermatologic disorders. J Cutan Med Surg 23(4_suppl):27S-34S","journal-title":"J Cutan Med Surg"},{"issue":"7","key":"4070_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1728","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jid.2020.12.028","volume":"141","author":"J Seneschal","year":"2021","unstructured":"Seneschal J, Duplaine A, Maillard H et al (2021) Efficacy and safety of tacrolimus 0.1% for the treatment of facial vitiligo: a multicenter randomized, double-blinded, vehicle-controlled study. J Invest Dermatol 141(7):1728\u20131734","journal-title":"J Invest Dermatol"},{"issue":"11","key":"4070_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1379","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-4632.2012.05551.x","volume":"51","author":"D Porojan","year":"2012","unstructured":"Porojan D, B\u00e2ldea I, Achim M et al (2012) Phenytoin induces in vitro melanocyte proliferation. Int J Dermatol 51(11):1379\u20131384","journal-title":"Int J Dermatol"},{"issue":"8","key":"4070_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/dth.15635","volume":"35","author":"H Abasifar","year":"2022","unstructured":"Abasifar H, Ghalamkarpour F, Diab R et al (2022) Evaluation of combination use of phenytoin cream 1% and fractional CO2 laser in treatment of stable nonsegmental vitiligo: a pilot study. Dermatol Ther 35(8):e15635","journal-title":"Dermatol Ther"},{"issue":"5","key":"4070_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"744","DOI":"10.1111\/jocd.12440","volume":"17","author":"M Mina","year":"2018","unstructured":"Mina M, Elgarhy L, Al-saeid H et al (2018) Comparison between the efficacy of microneedling combined with 5-fluorouracil vs microneedling with tacrolimus in the treatment of vitiligo. J Cosmet Dermatol 17(5):744\u2013751","journal-title":"J Cosmet Dermatol"},{"issue":"7","key":"4070_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"697","DOI":"10.1080\/09546634.2018.1564232","volume":"30","author":"S Ghasemloo","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ghasemloo S, Gauthier Y, Ghalamkarpour F (2019) Evaluation of using fractional CO2 laser plus NB-UVB versus NB-UVB alone in inducing marginal repigmentation of vitiligo lesions. J Dermatol Treatment 30(7):697\u2013700","journal-title":"J Dermatol Treatment"},{"issue":"9","key":"4070_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1065","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.140.9.1065","volume":"140","author":"T Passeron","year":"2004","unstructured":"Passeron T, Ostovari N, Zakaria W et al (2004) Topical tacrolimus and the 308-nm excimer laser: a synergistic combination for the treatment of vitiligo. Arch Dermatol 140(9):1065\u20131069","journal-title":"Arch Dermatol"},{"issue":"4","key":"4070_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"855","DOI":"10.1111\/jocd.13304","volume":"19","author":"HM Ebrahim","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ebrahim HM, Albalate W (2020) Efficacy of microneedling combined with tacrolimus versus either one alone for vitiligo treatment. J Cosmet Dermatol 19(4):855\u2013862","journal-title":"J Cosmet Dermatol"},{"issue":"8","key":"4070_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"999","DOI":"10.1080\/09546634.2020.1716930","volume":"32","author":"HM Ebrahim","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ebrahim HM, Elkot R, Albalate W (2021) Combined microneedling with tacrolimus vs tacrolimus monotherapy for vitiligo treatment. J Dermatol Treat 32(8):999\u20131004","journal-title":"J Dermatol Treat"},{"issue":"1","key":"4070_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.3109\/14764172.2012.748201","volume":"15","author":"KY Seo","year":"2013","unstructured":"Seo KY, Kim DH, Lee SE et al (2013) Retracted article: skin rejuvenation by microneedle fractional radiofrequency and a human stem cell conditioned medium in Asian skin: a randomized controlled investigator blinded split-face study. J Cosmet Laser Ther 15(1):25\u201333","journal-title":"J Cosmet Laser Ther"},{"issue":"1","key":"4070_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1111\/phpp.12212","volume":"32","author":"S Shin","year":"2016","unstructured":"Shin S, Hann SK, Oh SH (2016) Combination treatment with excimer laser and narrowband UVB light in vitiligo patients. Photodermatol Photoimmunol Photomed 32(1):28\u201333","journal-title":"Photodermatol Photoimmunol Photomed"},{"issue":"2","key":"4070_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"581","DOI":"10.1111\/jocd.12704","volume":"18","author":"ZA Ibrahim","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ibrahim ZA, Hassan GF, Elgendy HY et al (2019) Evaluation of the efficacy of transdermal drug delivery of calcipotriol plus betamethasone versus tacrolimus in the treatment of vitiligo. J Cosmet Dermatol 18(2):581\u2013588","journal-title":"J Cosmet Dermatol"},{"key":"4070_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/1740-2557-2-11","volume":"2","author":"M Namazi","year":"2005","unstructured":"Namazi M (2005) Phenytoin as a novel anti-vitiligo weapon. J Autoimmune Dis 2:1\u20134","journal-title":"J Autoimmune Dis"},{"issue":"2","key":"4070_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.4103\/2279-042X.108375","volume":"1","author":"FF Naini","year":"2012","unstructured":"Naini FF, Shooshtari AV, Ebrahimi B et al (2012) The effect of pseudocatalase\/superoxide dismutase in the treatment of vitiligo: a pilot study. J Res Pharm Pract 1(2):77\u201380","journal-title":"J Res Pharm Pract"}],"container-title":["Archives of Dermatological Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00403-025-04070-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00403-025-04070-9\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00403-025-04070-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,5]],"date-time":"2025-04-05T17:38:51Z","timestamp":1743874731000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00403-025-04070-9"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,4]]},"references-count":21,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["4070"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00403-025-04070-9","relation":{},"ISSN":["1432-069X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1432-069X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"30 December 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"27 January 2025","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"25 February 2025","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"4 April 2025","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}],"article-number":"671"}}