{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,14]],"date-time":"2026-07-14T22:39:32Z","timestamp":1784068772283,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,2]],"date-time":"2015-11-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1446422400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Arch Gynecol Obstet"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,6]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00404-015-3930-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,2]],"date-time":"2015-11-02T11:55:28Z","timestamp":1446465328000},"page":"1243-1253","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Prevalence of uterine myomas in women in Germany: data of an epidemiological study"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"293","author":[{"given":"Hans-Joachim","family":"Ahrendt","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Heike","family":"Tylkoski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Rabe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andr\u00e9","family":"Szczes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cornelia","family":"Friedrich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Friedrich-Wilhelm","family":"Roehl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ann","family":"Kitay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Roemer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dolores","family":"Foth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"3930_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"432","DOI":"10.1016\/S0015-0282(98)00208-8","volume":"70","author":"LM Marshall","year":"1998","unstructured":"Marshall LM, Spiegelman D, Goldman MB et al (1998) A prospective study of reproductive factors and oral contraceptive use in relation to the risk of uterine leiomyomata. Fertil Steril 70:432\u2013439","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"3930_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2008.791","volume":"301","author":"B Voorhis Van","year":"2009","unstructured":"Van Voorhis B (2009) A 41-year-old woman with menorrhagia, anemia, and fibroids: review of treatment of uterine fibroids. JAMA 301:82\u201393","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"3930_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"465","DOI":"10.1093\/humupd\/dmm013","volume":"13","author":"E Somigliana","year":"2007","unstructured":"Somigliana E, Vercellini P, Daguati R et al (2007) Fibroids and female reproduction: a critical analysis of the evidence. Hum Reprod Update 13:465\u2013476","journal-title":"Hum Reprod Update"},{"key":"3930_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.2147\/IJWH.S51083","volume":"6","author":"AT Khan","year":"2014","unstructured":"Khan AT, Shehmar M, Gupta JK et al (2014) Uterine fibroids: current perspectives. Int J Women\u2019s Health 6:95\u2013114","journal-title":"Int J Women\u2019s Health"},{"issue":"4","key":"3930_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"725","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2007.01.093","volume":"87","author":"WH Parker","year":"2007","unstructured":"Parker WH (2007) Etiology, symptomatology, and diagnosis of uterine myomas. Fertil Steril 87(4):725\u2013736","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"issue":"4","key":"3930_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"856","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0b013e3182888478","volume":"121","author":"T Falcone","year":"2013","unstructured":"Falcone T, Parker WH (2013) Surgical management of leiomyomas for fertility or uterine preservation. Obstet Gynecol 121(4):856\u2013868","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"3930_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"374","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-1022804","volume":"55","author":"H Mecke","year":"1995","unstructured":"Mecke H, Wallas F, Brocker A, Gertz HP (1995) Pelviscopic myomas enucleation: technique, limits, complications. Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkunde 55:374\u2013379","journal-title":"Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkunde"},{"key":"3930_CR8","first-page":"CD004638","volume":"10","author":"P Bhave Chittawar","year":"2014","unstructured":"Bhave Chittawar P, Franik S, Pouwer AW et al (2014) Minimally invasive surgical techniques versus open myomectomy for uterine fibroids. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 10:CD004638. doi: 10.1002\/14651858.CD004638.pub3","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"3930_CR9","first-page":"644","volume":"51","author":"T Kr\u00f6ncke","year":"2010","unstructured":"Kr\u00f6ncke T, David M (2010) Uterusarterienembolisation zur Myombehandlung. Ergebnisse des III. Radiologisch-gyn\u00e4kologischen Expertentreffens. Frauenarzt 51:644\u2013648","journal-title":"Frauenarzt"},{"issue":"5\u20136","key":"3930_CR10","first-page":"266","volume":"10","author":"MK Bohlmann","year":"2013","unstructured":"Bohlmann MK, Hunold P, Rabe T et al (2013) Neue diagnostische und therapeutische Optionen bei Patientinnen mit Myomen\u2014Hochintensiver fokussierter Ultraschall. J Reproduktionsmed Endokrinol 10(5\u20136):266\u2013272","journal-title":"J Reproduktionsmed Endokrinol"},{"key":"3930_CR11","first-page":"CD002126","volume":"19","author":"AE Lethaby","year":"2005","unstructured":"Lethaby AE, Cooke I, Rees M (2005) Progesterone or progestogen-releasing intrauterine systems for heavy menstrual bleeding. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 19:CD002126","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"issue":"3","key":"3930_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"921","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2012-3237","volume":"98","author":"MS Islam","year":"2013","unstructured":"Islam MS, Protic O, Giannubilo SR et al (2013) Uterine leiomyoma: available medical treatments and new possible therapeutic options. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 98(3):921\u2013934","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"3930_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1103180","volume":"366","author":"J Donnez","year":"2012","unstructured":"Donnez J, Tomaszewski J, Vazquez F, PEARL II Study Group et al (2012) Ulipristal acetate versus leuprolide acetate for uterine fibroids. N Engl J Med 366:421\u2013432","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"3930_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0030-1251483","volume":"28","author":"S Yoshida","year":"2010","unstructured":"Yoshida S, Ohara N, Xu Q et al (2010) Celltype specific actions of progesterone receptor modulators in the regulation of uterine leiomyoma growth. Semin Reprod Med 28:260\u2013273","journal-title":"Semin Reprod Med"},{"key":"3930_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1103182","volume":"366","author":"J Donnez","year":"2012","unstructured":"Donnez J, Tatarchuk TF, Bouchard P, PEARL I Study Group et al (2012) Ulipristal acetate versus placebo for fibroid treatment before surgery. N Engl J Med 366:409\u2013420","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"3930_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1067\/mob.2003.99","volume":"188","author":"DD Baird","year":"2003","unstructured":"Baird DD, Dunson DB, Hill MC et al (2003) High cumulative incidence of uterine leiomyoma in black and white women: ultrasound evidence. Am J Obstet Gynecol 188:100\u2013107","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"4","key":"3930_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcp\/94.4.435","volume":"94","author":"SF Cramer","year":"1990","unstructured":"Cramer SF, Patel A (1990) The frequency of uterine leiomyomas. Am J Clin Pathol 94(4):435\u2013438","journal-title":"Am J Clin Pathol"},{"issue":"1","key":"3930_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/153.1.20","volume":"153","author":"CR Chen","year":"2001","unstructured":"Chen CR, Buck GM, Courey NG et al (2001) Risk factors for uterine fibroids among women undergoing tubal sterilization. Am J Epidemiol 153(1):20\u201326","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"3930_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"967","DOI":"10.1016\/S0029-7844(97)00534-6","volume":"90","author":"LM Marshall","year":"1997","unstructured":"Marshall LM, Spiegelman D, Barbieri RL et al (1997) Variation in the incidence of uterine leiomyoma among pre-menopausal women by age and race. Obstet Gynecol 90:967\u2013973","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"4","key":"3930_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"930","DOI":"10.1097\/01.AOG.0000234651.41000.58","volume":"108","author":"KE Hartmann","year":"2006","unstructured":"Hartmann KE, Birnbaum H, Ben Hamadi R et al (2006) Annual costs associated with diagnosis of uterine leiomyomata. Obstet Gynecol 108(4):930\u2013937","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"5","key":"3930_CR21","first-page":"481","volume":"53","author":"JM Wenderlein","year":"2012","unstructured":"Wenderlein JM (2012) Hysterektomie-H\u00e4ufigkeit variiert in Bundesl\u00e4ndern bis um den Faktor 2. Frauenarzt 53(5):481\u2013488","journal-title":"Frauenarzt"},{"issue":"7","key":"3930_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1951","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2013.02.017","volume":"99","author":"EE Marsh","year":"2013","unstructured":"Marsh EE, Ekpo GE, Cardozo ER et al (2013) Racial differences in fibroid prevalence and ultrasound findings in asymptomatic young women (18\u201330\u00a0years old): a pilot study. Fertil Steril 99(7):1951\u20131957","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"3930_CR23","first-page":"S9","volume":"147","author":"DD Baird","year":"1998","unstructured":"Baird DD, Schectman JM, Dixon D et al (1998) African Americans at higher risk than whites for uterine fibroids: ultrasound evidence. Am J Epidemiol 147:S9","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"3930_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/153.1.1","volume":"153","author":"E Faerstein","year":"2001","unstructured":"Faerstein E, Szklo M, Rosenshein N (2001) Risk factors for uterine leiomyoma: a practice based case-control study. I. African-American heritage, reproductive history, body size, and smoking. Am J Epidemiol 153(1):1\u201310","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"3930_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.1080\/j.1600-0412.2000.079003202.x","volume":"79","author":"C Borgfeldt","year":"2000","unstructured":"Borgfeldt C et al (2000) Transvaginal ultrasonographic findings in the uterus and Endometrium: low prevalence of leiomyoma in a random sample of women age 25\u201340 years. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 79:202\u2013207","journal-title":"Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand"},{"issue":"1","key":"3930_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1080\/01443610400024583","volume":"25","author":"S Lurie","year":"2005","unstructured":"Lurie S, Piper I, Woliowitch I, Glezerman M (2005) Age-related prevalence of sonographicaly confirmed uterine myomas. J Obstet Gynaecol 25(1):42\u201343","journal-title":"J Obstet Gynaecol"},{"issue":"10","key":"3930_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2350","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/deh407","volume":"19","author":"JL Marino","year":"2004","unstructured":"Marino JL, Eskenazi B, Warner M et al (2004) Uterine leiomyoma and menstrual cycle characteristics in a population-based cohort study. Hum Reprod 19(10):2350\u20132355 (Epub 2004 Jul 8)","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"issue":"3","key":"3930_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"716","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2013.11.023","volume":"101","author":"L Yan","year":"2014","unstructured":"Yan L, Ding L, Li C et al (2014) Effect of fibroids not distorting the endometrial cavity on the outcome of in vitro fertilization treatment: a retrospective cohort study. Fertil Steril 101(3):716\u2013721","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"3930_CR29","first-page":"483","volume":"41","author":"KH Kjerulff","year":"1996","unstructured":"Kjerulff KH, Langenberg P, Seidman JD et al (1996) Uterine leiomyomas. Racial differences in severity, symptoms and age at diagnosis. J Reprod Med 41:483\u2013490","journal-title":"J Reprod Med"},{"key":"3930_CR30","first-page":"431","volume":"101","author":"G Wegienka","year":"2003","unstructured":"Wegienka G, Baird DD, Hertz-Picciotto I et al (2003) Self-reported heavy bleeding associated with uterine leiomyomata. Obstet Gynecol 101:431\u2013437","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"6","key":"3930_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"807","DOI":"10.1007\/s00192-013-2295-4","volume":"25","author":"M Ekin","year":"2014","unstructured":"Ekin M, Cengiz H, \u00d6zt\u00fcrk E et al (2014) Genitourinary symptoms and their effects on quality of life in women with uterine myomas. Int Urogynecol J 25(6):807\u2013810","journal-title":"Int Urogynecol J"},{"issue":"3","key":"3930_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0030-1251477","volume":"28","author":"SK Laughlin","year":"2010","unstructured":"Laughlin SK, Schroeder JC, Baird DD (2010) New directions in the epidemiology of uterine fibroids. Semin Reprod Med 28(3):204\u2013217","journal-title":"Semin Reprod Med"},{"issue":"12","key":"3930_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"966","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.370","volume":"2","author":"N M\u00e4kinen","year":"2011","unstructured":"M\u00e4kinen N, Heinonen HR, Moore S et al (2011) MED12 exon 2 mutations are common in uterine leiomyomas from South African patients. Oncotarget 2(12):966\u2013969","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"key":"3930_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1722","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-09-2612","volume":"70","author":"P Yin","year":"2010","unstructured":"Yin P, Lin Z, Reierstad S et al (2010) Transcription factor KLF11 integrates progesterone receptor signaling and proliferation in uterine leiomyoma cells. Cancer Res 70:1722\u20131730","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"3930_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2005.12.006","volume":"33","author":"MK Lobel","year":"2006","unstructured":"Lobel MK, Somasundaam P, Morton CC (2006) The genetic heterogeneity of uterine leiomyomata. Obstet Gynecol Clin North Am 33:13\u201339","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol Clin North Am"},{"key":"3930_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"474","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2005.01.142","volume":"84","author":"JJ Wei","year":"2005","unstructured":"Wei JJ, Chiriboga L, Mittal K (2005) Expression profile of the tumorigenic factors associated with tumour size and sex steroid hormone status in uterine leiomyomata. Fertil Steril 84:474\u2013484","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"issue":"4","key":"3930_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"571","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2008.04.002","volume":"22","author":"S Okolo","year":"2008","unstructured":"Okolo S (2008) Incidence, aetiology and epidemiology of uterine fibroids. Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol 22(4):571\u2013588","journal-title":"Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol"},{"key":"3930_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"440","DOI":"10.1097\/00001648-199607000-00018","volume":"7","author":"F Parazzini","year":"1996","unstructured":"Parazzini F, Negri E, La Vecchia C et al (1996) Reproductive factors and risk of uterine fibroids. Epidemiology 7:440\u2013442","journal-title":"Epidemiology"},{"key":"3930_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwh016","volume":"159","author":"A Lauren","year":"2004","unstructured":"Lauren A, Palmer JR, Harlow BL et al (2004) Reproductive factors, hormonal contraception, and risk of uterine leiomyomata in African\u2013American women: a prospective study. Am J Epidemiol 159:113\u2013123","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"3930_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2703","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2010.04.065","volume":"94","author":"KL Terry","year":"2010","unstructured":"Terry KL, De Vivo I, Hankinson SE et al (2010) Reproductive characteristics and risk of uterine leiomyomata. Fertil Steril 94:2703\u20132707","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"issue":"3","key":"3930_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"426","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kws585","volume":"178","author":"DR Velez Edwards","year":"2013","unstructured":"Velez Edwards DR, Baird DD, Hartmann KE (2013) Association of age at menarche with increasing number of fibroids in a cohort of women who underwent standardized ultrasound assessment. Am J Epidemiol 178(3):426\u2013433. doi: 10.1093\/aje\/kws585 Epub 2013 Jun 30","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"3930_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"346","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ede.0000158742.11877.99","volume":"16","author":"LA Wise","year":"2005","unstructured":"Wise LA, Palmer JR, Spiegelman D et al (2005) Influence of body size and body fat distribution on risk of uterine leiomyomata in US black women. Epidemiology 16:346\u2013354","journal-title":"Epidemiology"},{"issue":"6","key":"3930_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"568","DOI":"10.1097\/PGP.0b013e3181e8ae64","volume":"29","author":"V Dandolu","year":"2010","unstructured":"Dandolu V, Singh R, Lidicker J, Harmanli O (2010) BMI and uterine size: is there any relationship? Int J Gynecol Pathol 29(6):568\u2013571. doi: 10.1097\/PGP.0b013e3181e8ae64","journal-title":"Int J Gynecol Pathol"},{"key":"3930_CR44","first-page":"251","volume":"7","author":"SA Shikora","year":"1991","unstructured":"Shikora SA, Niloff JM, Bistrian BR et al (1991) Relationship between obesity and uterine leiomyomata. Nutrition 7:251\u2013255","journal-title":"Nutrition"},{"issue":"50","key":"3930_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19887","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0808188105","volume":"105","author":"SD Peddada","year":"2008","unstructured":"Peddada SD, Laughlin SK, Miner K et al (2008) Growth of uterine leiomyomata among pre-menopausal black and white women. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 105(50):19887\u201319892. doi: 10.1073\/pnas.0808188105 (Epub 2008 Dec 1.f.)","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"3930_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.293.6543.359","volume":"293","author":"RK Ross","year":"1986","unstructured":"Ross RK, Pke MC, Vessey MP et al (1986) Risk factors for uterine fibroids: reduced risk associated with oral contraceptives. Br Med J (Clin Res Ed) 293:359\u2013362","journal-title":"Br Med J (Clin Res Ed)"},{"key":"3930_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"858","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.86.6.858","volume":"86","author":"AR Samadi","year":"1996","unstructured":"Samadi AR, Lee NC, Flanders WD et al (1996) Risk factors for self-reported uterine fibroids: a case\u2013control study. Am J Public Health 86:858\u2013862","journal-title":"Am J Public Health"},{"key":"3930_CR48","unstructured":"Parker W (2013) Fibroids, fertility, pregnancy. http:\/\/www.fibroidsecondopinion.com\/fibroids-and-pregnancy\/ . Accessed Mar 08 2013"}],"container-title":["Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00404-015-3930-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00404-015-3930-8\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00404-015-3930-8","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,28]],"date-time":"2019-05-28T18:00:39Z","timestamp":1559066439000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00404-015-3930-8"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,2]]},"references-count":48,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,6]]}},"alternative-id":["3930"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00404-015-3930-8","relation":{},"ISSN":["0932-0067","1432-0711"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0932-0067","type":"print"},{"value":"1432-0711","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,2]]}}}