{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,15]],"date-time":"2026-04-15T16:57:37Z","timestamp":1776272257793,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,19]],"date-time":"2019-01-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1547856000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Arch Gynecol Obstet"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,3]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00404-019-05050-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,19]],"date-time":"2019-01-19T01:28:15Z","timestamp":1547861295000},"page":"779-789","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":39,"title":["Three-dimensional ultrasound in the diagnosis and the classification of congenital uterine anomalies using the ESHRE\/ESGE classification: a diagnostic accuracy study"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"299","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9116-622X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anna","family":"Kougioumtsidou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Themistoklis","family":"Mikos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Grigoris F.","family":"Grimbizis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aikaterini","family":"Karavida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Theodoros D.","family":"Theodoridis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alexandros","family":"Sotiriadis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Basil C.","family":"Tarlatzis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Apostolos P.","family":"Athanasiadis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"5050_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2010.02.030","volume":"94","author":"GF Grimbizis","year":"2010","unstructured":"Grimbizis GF, Campo R (2010) Congenital malformations of the female genital tract: the need for a new classification system. Fertil Steril 94:401\u2013407","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"5050_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.1093\/humupd\/dmn018","volume":"14","author":"SH Saravelos","year":"2008","unstructured":"Saravelos SH, Cocksedge KA, Li T-C (2008) Prevalence and diagnosis of congenital uterine anomalies in women with reproductive failure: a critical appraisal. Hum Reprod Update 14:415\u2013419","journal-title":"Hum Reprod Update"},{"key":"5050_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"761","DOI":"10.1093\/humupd\/dmr028","volume":"17","author":"YY Chan","year":"2011","unstructured":"Chan YY, Jayaprakasan K, Zamora J, Thornton JG, Raine-Fenning N, Coomarasamy A (2011) The prevalence of congenital uterine anomalies in unselected and high-risk populations: a systematic review. Hum Reprod Update 17:761\u2013771","journal-title":"Hum Reprod Update"},{"key":"5050_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1016\/S0015-0282(16)44114-2","volume":"32","author":"VC Buttram","year":"1979","unstructured":"Buttram VC, Gibbons WE (1979) Mullerian anomalies: a proposed classification (an analysis of 144 cases). Fertil Steril 32:40\u201346","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"5050_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"944","DOI":"10.1016\/S0015-0282(16)59942-7","volume":"49","author":"The American Fertility Society","year":"1988","unstructured":"The American Fertility Society (1988) The AFS classification of adnexal adhesions, distal tubal occlusion, tubal occlusion secondary to tubal ligation, tubal pregnancies, Mullerian anomalies and intrauterine adhesions. Fertil Steril 49:944\u2013955","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"5050_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2377","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/deh423","volume":"19","author":"P Acien","year":"2004","unstructured":"Acien P, Acien M, Sanchez-Ferrer M (2004) Complex malformations of the female genital tract: new types and revision of classification. Hum Reprod 19:2377\u20132384","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"key":"5050_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1493","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2005.05.036","volume":"84","author":"P Oppelt","year":"2005","unstructured":"Oppelt P, Renner SP, Brucker S, Strissel PL, Strick R, Oppelt PG, Doerr HG, Schott GE, Hucke J, Wallwiener D, Beckmann MW (2005) The VCUAM (vagina cervix uterus adnex associated malformation) classification: a new classification for genital malformations. Fertil Steril 84:1493\u20131497","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"5050_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2032","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/det098","volume":"28","author":"GF Grimbizis","year":"2013","unstructured":"Grimbizis GF, Gordts G, Di Spiezio SA, Brucker S, De Angelis C, Gergolet M, Li T-C, Tanos V, Br\u00f6lmann H, Gianaroli L, Campo R (2013) The ESHRE\/ESGE consensus on the classification of female genital tract congenital malformations. Hum Reprod 28:2032\u20132044","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"key":"5050_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1007\/s10397-013-0800-x","volume":"10","author":"GF Grimbizis","year":"2013","unstructured":"Grimbizis GF, Gordts G, Di Spiezio SA, Brucker S, De Angelis C, Gergolet M, Li T-C, Tanos V, Br\u00f6lmann H, Gianaroli L, Campo R (2013) The ESHRE\/ESGE consensus on the classification of female genital tract congenital malformations. Gynecol Surg 10:199\u2013212","journal-title":"Gynecol Surg"},{"key":"5050_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s10397-015-0909-1","volume":"13","author":"GF Grimbizis","year":"2016","unstructured":"Grimbizis GF, Di Spiezio Sardo A, Saravelos SH, Gordts S, Exacoustos C, Van Schoubroeck D, Bermejo C, Amso NN, Nargund G, Timmermann D, Athanasiadis A, Brucker S, De Angelis C, Gergolet M, Li TC, Tanos V, Tarlatzis B, Farquharson R, Gianaroli L, Campo R (2016) The Thessaloniki ESHRE\/ESGE consensus on diagnosis of female genital anomalies. Gynecol Surg 13:1\u201316","journal-title":"Gynecol Surg"},{"key":"5050_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1002\/1096-8628(20000904)94:1<9::AID-AJMG3>3.0.CO;2-H","volume":"94","author":"J Byrne","year":"2000","unstructured":"Byrne J, Nussbaum-Blask A, Taylor WS, Rubin A, Hill M, O\u2019Donnel R, Shulman S (2000) Prevalence of Mullerian duct anomalies detected at ultrasound. Am J Med Genet 94:9\u201312","journal-title":"Am J Med Genet"},{"key":"5050_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2331020777","volume":"233","author":"RN Troiano","year":"2004","unstructured":"Troiano RN, McCarthy SM (2004) Mullerian duct anomalies: imaging and clinical issues. Radiology 233:19\u201334","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"5050_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1016\/S0015-0282(16)49941-3","volume":"47","author":"U Nicolini","year":"1987","unstructured":"Nicolini U, Bellotti M, Bonazzi B, Zamberletti D, Candiani GB (1987) Can ultrasound be used to screen uterine malformations? Fertil Steril 47:89\u201393","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"5050_CR14","first-page":"34","volume":"40","author":"R Salim","year":"1995","unstructured":"Salim R, Woelfer B, Backos M, Regan L, Jurkovic D, Letterie GS, Haggerty M, Lindee G (1995) A comparison of pelvic ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging as diagnostic studies for mullerian tract abnormalities. Int J Fertil Menopausal Stud 40:34\u201338","journal-title":"Int J Fertil Menopausal Stud"},{"key":"5050_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1469-0705.1995.05040233.x","volume":"5","author":"D Jurkovic","year":"1995","unstructured":"Jurkovic D, Geipel A, Gruboeck K, Jauniaux E, Natucci M, Campbell S (1995) Three-dimensional ultra- sound for the assessment of uterine anatomy and detection of congenital anomalies: a comparison with hysterosalpingography and two-dimensional sonography. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 5:233\u2013237","journal-title":"Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"5050_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"808","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2008.05.086","volume":"92","author":"T Ghi","year":"2009","unstructured":"Ghi T, Casadio P, Kuleva M, Perrone AM, Savelli L, Giunchi S, Meriggiola MC, Gubbini G, Pilu G, Pelusi C, Pelusi G (2009) Accuracy of three-dimensional ultra- sound in diagnosis and classification of congenital uterine anomalies. Fertil Steril 92:808\u2013813","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"issue":"1","key":"5050_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmig.2011.08.724","volume":"19","author":"E Faivre","year":"2012","unstructured":"Faivre E, Fernandez H, Deffieux X, Gervaise A, Frydman R, Levaillant JM (2012) Accuracy of three- dimensional ultrasonography in differential diagnosis of septate and bicornuate uterus compared with office hysteroscopy and pelvic magnetic resonance imaging. J Minim Invasive Gynecol 19(1):101\u2013106","journal-title":"J Minim Invasive Gynecol"},{"issue":"1","key":"5050_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmig.2012.09.011","volume":"20","author":"A Ludwin","year":"2013","unstructured":"Ludwin A, Pitynski K, Ludwin I, Banas T, Knafel A (2013) Two- and three- dimensional ultrasonography and sonohysterography versus hysteroscopy with laparoscopy in the differential diagnosis of septate, bicornuate, and arcuate uteri. J Minim Invasive Gynecol 20(1):90\u201399","journal-title":"J Minim Invasive Gynecol"},{"issue":"5","key":"5050_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"616","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.14825","volume":"46","author":"B Graupera","year":"2015","unstructured":"Graupera B, Pascual MA, Hereter L, Browne JL, \u00dabeda B, Rodriguez I, Pedrero C (2015) Accuracy of three-dimensional ultrasound compared with magnetic resonance imaging in diagnosis of Mullerian duct anomalies using ESHRE-ESGE consensus on the classification of congenital anomalies of the female genital tract. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 46(5):616\u2013622","journal-title":"Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"6","key":"5050_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"578","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.127","volume":"21","author":"R Salim","year":"2003","unstructured":"Salim R, Woelfer B, Backos M, Regan L, Jurkovic D (2003) Reproducibility of three-dimensional ultrasound diagnosis of congenital uterine anomalies. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 21(6):578\u2013582","journal-title":"Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"4","key":"5050_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"557","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2015.06.024","volume":"31","author":"SH Saravelos","year":"2015","unstructured":"Saravelos SH, Li TC (2015) Intra- and inter-observer variability of uterine measurements with three-dimensional ultrasound and implications for clinical practice. Reprod Biomed Online 31(4):557\u2013564","journal-title":"Reprod Biomed Online"},{"key":"5050_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"688","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2015.06.019","volume":"104","author":"A Ludwin","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ludwin A, Ludwin I, Kudla M, Kottner J (2015) Reliability of the European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology\/European Society for Gynaecological Endoscopy and American Society for Reproductive Medicine classification systems for congenital uterine anomalies detected using three-dimensional ultrasonography. Fertil Steril 104:688\u2013697","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"5050_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4471-5146-3_7","volume-title":"Female genital tract congenital malformations. Classification, diagnosis and management","author":"D Schoubroeck Van","year":"2015","unstructured":"Van Schoubroeck D, Van den Bosch T, Timmerman D (2015) 3D ultrasound. In: Grimbizis GF, Campo R, Tarlatzis BC, Gordts S (eds) Female genital tract congenital malformations. Classification, diagnosis and management. Springer, Berlin, pp 79\u201397"},{"issue":"5","key":"5050_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"593","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.7551","volume":"35","author":"C Bermejo","year":"2010","unstructured":"Bermejo C, Ten MP, Cantarero R, Diaz D, Pedregosa JP, Barr\u00f3n E, Labrador E, L\u00f3pez LR (2010) Three-dimensional ultrasound in the diagnosis of Mullerian duct anomalies and concordance with magnetic resonance imaging. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 35(5):593\u2013601","journal-title":"Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"5","key":"5050_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1046","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/dev061","volume":"30","author":"Sardo A Spiezio Di","year":"2015","unstructured":"Di Spiezio Sardo A, Campo R, Gordts S, Spinelli M, Cosimato C, Tanos V, Brucker S, Li TC, Gergolet M, De Angelis C, Gianaroli L, Grimbizis G (2015) The comprehensiveness of the ESHRE\/ESGE classification of female genital tract congenital anomalies: a systematic review of cases not classified by the AFS system. Hum Reprod 30(5):1046\u20131058","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"issue":"3","key":"5050_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"569","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/deu344","volume":"30","author":"A Ludwin","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ludwin A, Ludwin I (2015) Comparison of the ESHRE-ESGE and ASRM classifications of Mullerian duct anomalies in everyday practice. Hum Reprod 30(3):569\u2013580","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"issue":"2","key":"5050_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mefs.2015.09.001","volume":"21","author":"M Somayya","year":"2016","unstructured":"Somayya M, Reda A, Atia H (2016) Performance of the ESHRE\/ESGE classification in differentiating anomalies of double uterine cavity in comparison with the ASRM classification. Middle East Fertil Soc J 21(2):75\u201381","journal-title":"Middle East Fertil Soc J"},{"key":"5050_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2016.09.009","volume":"206","author":"PK Heinonen","year":"2016","unstructured":"Heinonen PK (2016) Distribution of female genital tract anomalies in two classifications. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 206:141\u2013146","journal-title":"Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol"}],"container-title":["Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00404-019-05050-x\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00404-019-05050-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00404-019-05050-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,3]],"date-time":"2020-02-03T09:28:19Z","timestamp":1580722099000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00404-019-05050-x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,19]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,3]]}},"alternative-id":["5050"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00404-019-05050-x","relation":{},"ISSN":["0932-0067","1432-0711"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0932-0067","type":"print"},{"value":"1432-0711","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,19]]},"assertion":[{"value":"7 October 2018","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"5 January 2019","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"19 January 2019","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Compliance with ethical standards"}},{"value":"All authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and\/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}},{"value":"Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Informed consent"}}]}}