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Clinical data were retrieved by medical records, fertility outcomes were obtained by phone follow-up. The cumulative incidence (CI) of intrauterine clinical pregnancy (CP), miscarriage, live birth (LB), and recurrent EP, and the time between treatment and first intrauterine CP were compared between women treated with MTX, surgery and expectant management.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The CI of intrauterine CP starting from 12\u00a0months after the EP was 65.3% for the expectant management, 55.3% for the MTX group, and 39.5% for surgery (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.012). Post-hoc analysis showed expectant management having higher intrauterine CP and LB, and shorter time between treatment and first intrauterine CP compared to surgery (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05). The CI of recurrent EP was comparable between the 3 groups. The analysis stratified per \u03b2hCG cut-off of 1745\u00a0mUI\/mL and EP mass cut-off of 25\u00a0mm reported consistent results.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Women successfully managed by expectation appear to have better reproductive outcomes compared to women who underwent surgery, with the shortest time to achieve a subsequent intrauterine CP. Therefore, if safely applicable the expectant management should be considered in the case of tubal EP. The fact that the chosen treatment was primarily guided by the \u03b2hCG value and EP mass diameter based on the protocol, which is intrinsically related to the characteristics of the EP, represents the main limitation of the present study. Indeed, we cannot completely exclude that the observed differences between treatments are related to the EP itself instead of the treatment.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00404-020-05749-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,27]],"date-time":"2020-08-27T13:04:10Z","timestamp":1598533450000},"page":"259-268","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":43,"title":["Fertility and reproductive outcome after tubal ectopic pregnancy: comparison among methotrexate, surgery and expectant management"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"303","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9483-613X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Silvia","family":"Baggio","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simone","family":"Garzon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Russo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cesare Quintino","family":"Ianniciello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lorenza","family":"Santi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonio Simone","family":"Lagan\u00e0","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ricciarda","family":"Raffaelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Massimo","family":"Franchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"5749_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3132","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/del289","volume":"21","author":"IJ Bakken","year":"2006","unstructured":"Bakken IJ, Skjeldestad FE (2006) Time trends in ectopic pregnancies in a Norwegian county 1970\u20132004\u2014a population-based study. 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The authors have no proprietary, financial, professional or other personal interest of any nature in any product, service or company.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"The study was in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and\/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. The design, analysis, interpretation of data, drafting and revisions conform the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) guidelines (), and the RECORD (reporting of studies conducted using observational routinely-collected health data) statement, available through the EQUATOR (enhancing the quality and transparency of health research) network (). The study was non-advertised, and no remuneration was offered to encourage patients to give consent for collection and analysis of their data. The retrospective study design and development, with anonymized handling of the data, was approved by the Institutional Review Board of the University of Verona (Protocol number 5378, date 29\/01\/2019).","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}},{"value":"Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study. Each patient enrolled in this study signed an informed consent for all the procedures and to allow data collection and analysis for research purpose.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Informed consent"}}]}}