{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,4]],"date-time":"2026-02-04T18:18:20Z","timestamp":1770229100981,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":8,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,4]],"date-time":"2024-02-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1707004800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,4]],"date-time":"2024-02-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1707004800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100012352","name":"Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Milano","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100012352","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Arch Gynecol Obstet"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>To understand how often couples return to ART centres for a second child.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Retrospective monocentric cohort study including women who had a first live birth with IVF. The primary objective was to assess the rate of those returning for a second child within five years of the previous pregnancy. The secondary aim was to disentangle the determinants of this rate.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>A total of 374 patients were included, of whom 188 returned (50%, 95% CI 45\u201355%). Among those who did not return (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009186), four (2%) referred to another ART Center and 24 were unreachable. Of the 158 contacted subjects that did not refer for ART, 53 (34%, 95% CI 27\u201341%) conceived naturally, 57 (36%, 95% CI 29\u201344%) abandoned their intent of parenthood, and 48 (30%, 95% CI 24\u201338%) unsuccessfully attempted natural conception. These 48 women (13%) who expressed interest in a second child but did not undergo ART were compared to those seeking a second pregnancy through ART. Baseline characteristics were similar except for an older age (Median 36, IQR: 34\u201338 vs 34, IQR: 32\u201336, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.001). Additionally, in terms of IVF cycle characteristics, women who did not return were more likely to achieve their first pregnancy with a fresh transfer rather than a frozen transfer (75% vs 59%, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.05). They also had a higher number of retrieved oocytes (Median 10, IQR: 7\u201313 vs 9, IQR: 5\u201312) and less frequently cryopreserved embryos (27% vs 52%, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.003).<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The proportion of couples who have conceived with ART and who are interested in having a second child is high. Our results underline the importance of paying more attention to the number of intended children, as this information could influence clinical management.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00404-024-07382-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,4]],"date-time":"2024-02-04T10:02:02Z","timestamp":1707040922000},"page":"1621-1627","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Return rate following a live birth obtained with ART: frequency and determinants"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"309","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-2043-677X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alessia","family":"Limena","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marco","family":"Reschini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dalila","family":"Invernici","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fabio","family":"Parazzini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Letizia","family":"Li Piani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paola","family":"Vigan\u00f2","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Edgardo","family":"Somigliana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ludovica","family":"Basili","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"7382_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"GBD 2019 Demographics Collaborators (2020) Global age-sex-specific fertility, mortality, healthy life expectancy (HALE), and population estimates in 204 countries and territories, 1950\u20132019: a comprehensive demographic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. Lancet 396(10258):1160\u20131203. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30977-6","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30977-6"},{"key":"7382_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1016\/j.alcr.2014.01.005","volume":"21","author":"MR Testa","year":"2014","unstructured":"Testa MR (2014) On the positive correlation between education and fertility intentions in Europe: individual- and country-level evidence. Adv Life Course Res 21:28\u201342. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.alcr.2014.01.005","journal-title":"Adv Life Course Res"},{"issue":"6","key":"7382_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1432","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/deaa030","volume":"35","author":"RC Paul","year":"2020","unstructured":"Paul RC, Fitzgerald O, Lieberman D, Venetis C, Chambers GM (2020) Cumulative live birth rates for women returning to ART treatment for a second ART-conceived child. Hum Reprod 35(6):1432\u20131440. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/humrep\/deaa030","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"key":"7382_CR4","unstructured":"ISTAT report 2021 (2021) Natalit\u00e0 e fecondit\u00e0 della popolazione residente \u2013 Anno 2021. https:\/\/www.istat.it\/it\/archivio\/natalit%C3%A0+e+fecondit%C3%A0#:~:text=Sono%20400.249%20i%20nati%20nel,media%20i%20figli%20per%20donna"},{"issue":"3","key":"7382_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2019.12.006","volume":"40","author":"E Somigliana","year":"2020","unstructured":"Somigliana E, Busnelli A, Vigano P, Vegetti W, Goisis A, Vercellini P (2020) Is early initiation of infertility treatment justified in women over the age of 35 years? 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Reprod Biomed Online 40(1):91\u201397. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.rbmo.2019.10.014","journal-title":"Reprod Biomed Online"}],"container-title":["Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00404-024-07382-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00404-024-07382-9\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00404-024-07382-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,24]],"date-time":"2024-02-24T15:10:10Z","timestamp":1708787410000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00404-024-07382-9"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,4]]},"references-count":8,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,4]]}},"alternative-id":["7382"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00404-024-07382-9","relation":{},"ISSN":["1432-0711"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1432-0711","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"31 October 2023","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"7 January 2024","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"4 February 2024","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Prof. Somigliana reports grants from Ferring and honoraria for lectures from Merck-Serono, IBSA and Gideon-Richter. All the other authors do not have any competing interest to declare.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"The study was approved by the local ethical committee (Milano Area 2 382_2020).","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval"}},{"value":"An informed consent was not requested because this is a retrospective study. However, all women referring to our Unit provide an informed consent for their data to be used for research purposes and those denying this consent were excluded. Moreover, an oral informed consent was obtained for those who were contacted by phone.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to participate"}}]}}