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This study evaluated the effect of histological CAM on postnatal growth trajectories in very preterm infants using a nationwide neonatal database in Japan.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Method<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>A multicenter retrospective study was conducted using clinical data of 4220 preterm neonates who weighed\u2009\u2264\u20091500\u00a0g and were born at\u2009&lt;\u200932\u00a0weeks of gestation between 2003\u20132017 (CAM group: n\u2009=\u20092110; non-CAM group: n\u2009=\u20092110). Z-scores for height and weight were evaluated at birth and 3\u00a0years of age. Univariable and multivariable analyses were conducted to evaluate the effect of histological CAM on \u0394Z-scores of height and weight during the first three years with a stratification by infant sex and the stage of histological CAM.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Multivariable analyses showed that histological CAM was associated with accelerated postnatal increase (\u0394Z-score) in weight (\u03b2 coefficient [95% confidence interval]; 0.10 [0.00 to 0.20]), but not in height among females (0.06 [\u2212\u20090.04 to 0.15]) and not in height and weight among males (0.04 [\u2212\u20090.04 to 0.12] and 0.02 [\u2212\u20090.07 to 0.11], respectively). An interaction analysis demonstrated no significant difference in the effect of histological CAM on the \u0394Z-scores of height and weight during the first three years between male and female infants (height, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.81; weight <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.25).<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Intrauterine exposure to maternal CAM contributes to accelerated postnatal weight gain in female preterm infants during the first three years.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00404-024-07757-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,1]],"date-time":"2024-10-01T17:01:54Z","timestamp":1727802114000},"page":"1321-1330","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Effect of chorioamnionitis on postnatal growth in very preterm infants: a population-based study in Japan"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"311","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8042-5919","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Takafumi","family":"Ushida","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rena","family":"Nosaka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masahiro","family":"Nakatochi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yumiko","family":"Kobayashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sho","family":"Tano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kazuya","family":"Fuma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seiko","family":"Matsuo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kenji","family":"Imai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yoshiaki","family":"Sato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masahiro","family":"Hayakawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hiroaki","family":"Kajiyama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tomomi","family":"Kotani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"the Neonatal Research Network of Japan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"7757_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41390-021-01633-0","author":"VG Jain","year":"2022","unstructured":"Jain VG, Willis KA, Jobe A, Ambalavanan N (2022) Chorioamnionitis and neonatal outcomes. 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