{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,11]],"date-time":"2025-09-11T21:42:42Z","timestamp":1757626962714,"version":"3.44.0"},"reference-count":12,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,26]],"date-time":"2025-07-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1753488000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,26]],"date-time":"2025-07-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1753488000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82271651"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82271651"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Arch Gynecol Obstet"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>To compare and analyze surgical outcomes and postoperative pregnancy outcomes between electrotomy and cold instruments for hysteroscopic myomectomy.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>This study included patients who were diagnosed with submucosal fibroids (FIGO 0-2) in our center and underwent hysteroscopic myomectomy from January 2022 to November 2024. Hysteroscopic myomectomy was performed by either bipolar system or cold instruments. Surgical and postoperative pregnancy outcomes were recorded and analyzed.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>A total of 36 patients underwent hysteroscopic myomectomy at our center during the 3-year period, 21 in the cold instruments group and 15 in the electrotomy group. The mean age of the patients in the cold instruments group was significantly higher than that of the electrotomy group (39.00\u2009\u00b1\u20095.18 vs 35.20\u2009\u00b1\u20093.45, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.019). In the electrotomy group, four patients found residual fibroids and required a second surgery. The incidence of residual fibroids and a second procedure were significantly higher than those in the cold instruments group (4\/15(26.67%) vs 0, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.023). The postoperative biochemical pregnancy rate and clinical pregnancy rate were higher in patients in the cold instruments group, but the difference was not statistically significant (14\/21 (66.67%) vs 8\/15 (53.33%), <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.644; 10\/21(47.62%) vs 5\/15(33.33%), <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.607).<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Cold instruments for hysteroscopic myomectomy seem to be a safe and feasible surgical procedure. It has an advantage over electrotomy in terms of complete removal of submucosal fibroids. Moreover, cold instruments for hysteroscopic myomectomy have no electrothermal damage to normal endometrium, which is favorable for pregnancy as soon as possible after surgery.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00404-025-08131-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,26]],"date-time":"2025-07-26T13:33:29Z","timestamp":1753536809000},"page":"1309-1316","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Comparison of surgical and postoperative pregnancy outcomes between electrotomy and cold instruments for hysteroscopic myomectomy: a single-center, 3-year retrospective study"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"312","author":[{"given":"Panyu","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Danqi","family":"Shao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Weie","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yujie","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cong","family":"Fang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lei","family":"Jia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5405-0116","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Manchao","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,26]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"8131_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1002\/ijgo.12666","volume":"143","author":"MG Munro","year":"2018","unstructured":"Munro MG, Critchley HOD, Fraser IS (2018) The two FIGO systems for normal and abnormal uterine bleeding symptoms and classification of causes of abnormal uterine bleeding in the reproductive years: 2018 revisions. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 143(3):393\u2013408","journal-title":"Int J Gynaecol Obstet"},{"issue":"3","key":"8131_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"416","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2017.06.034","volume":"108","author":"Practice Committee of the American Society for Reproductive Medicine","year":"2017","unstructured":"Practice Committee of the American Society for Reproductive Medicine (2017) Removal of myomas in asymptomatic patients to improve fertility and\/or reduce miscarriage rate: a guideline. Fertil Steril 108(3):416\u2013425","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"issue":"2","key":"8131_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1080\/09513590600604673","volume":"22","author":"ML Casini","year":"2006","unstructured":"Casini ML, Rossi F, Agostini R, Unfer V (2006) Effects of the position of fibroids on fertility. Gynecol Endocrinol 22(2):106\u2013109","journal-title":"Gynecol Endocrinol"},{"issue":"4","key":"8131_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1215","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2008.01.051","volume":"91","author":"EA Pritts","year":"2009","unstructured":"Pritts EA, Parker WH, Olive DL (2009) Fibroids and infertility: an updated systematic review of the evidence. Fertil Steril 91(4):1215\u20131223","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"issue":"3","key":"8131_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.4103\/jhrs.JHRS_134_16","volume":"10","author":"KK Roy","year":"2017","unstructured":"Roy KK, Metta S, Kansal Y, Kumar S, Singhal S, Vanamail P (2017) A prospective randomized study comparing unipolar versus bipolar hysteroscopic myomectomy in infertile women. J Hum Reprod Sci 10(3):185\u2013193","journal-title":"J Hum Reprod Sci"},{"issue":"5","key":"8131_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"792","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmig.2015.03.004","volume":"22","author":"I Mazzon","year":"2015","unstructured":"Mazzon I, Favilli A, Grasso M, Horvath S, Di Renzo GC, Gerli S (2015) Is cold loop hysteroscopic myomectomy a safe and effective technique for the treatment of submucous myomas with intramural development? A series of 1434 surgical procedures. J Minim Invasive Gynecol 22(5):792\u2013798. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jmig.2015.03.004","journal-title":"J Minim Invasive Gynecol"},{"issue":"12","key":"8131_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1935","DOI":"10.1111\/jog.12831","volume":"41","author":"SA Di Spiezio","year":"2015","unstructured":"Di Spiezio SA, Calagna G, Di Carlo C, Guida M, Perino A, Nappi C (2015) Cold loops applied to bipolar resectoscope: A safe \u201cone-step\u201d myomectomy for treatment of submucosal myomas with intramural development. J Obstet Gynaecol Res 41(12):1935\u20131941. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jog.12831","journal-title":"J Obstet Gynaecol Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"8131_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/der369","volume":"27","author":"A Tinelli","year":"2012","unstructured":"Tinelli A, Hurst BS, Hudelist G, Tsin DA, Stark M, Mettler L, Guido M, Malvasi A (2012) Laparoscopic myomectomy focusing on the myoma pseudocapsule: technical and outcome reports. Hum Reprod 27(2):427\u2013435","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"issue":"2","key":"8131_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"266","DOI":"10.1016\/s0029-7844(00)00865-6","volume":"96","author":"FW Jansen","year":"2000","unstructured":"Jansen FW, Vredevoogd CB, Van Ulzen K, Hermans J, Trimbos JB, Trimbos-Kemper TC (2000) Complications of hysteroscopy: a prospective, multicenter study. Obstet Gynecol 96(2):266\u2013270. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0029-7844(00)00865-6","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"2","key":"8131_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"522","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2020.09.028","volume":"115","author":"W Osorio","year":"2021","unstructured":"Osorio W, Posada N, Cano J, Tamayo S, Giraldo J (2021) Hysteroscopic myomectomy for submucosal type 2 fibroids with cold enucleation technique and complete fibroid extraction using a double-lumen intracervical cannula. Fertil Steril 115(2):522\u2013524. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2020.09.028","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"issue":"3","key":"8131_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"392","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tjog.2013.11.007","volume":"53","author":"PS Huang","year":"2014","unstructured":"Huang PS, Chang WC, Huang SC (2014) Iatrogenic parasitic myoma: a case report and review of the literature, Taiwan. J Obstet Gynecol 53(3):392\u2013396. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.tjog.2013.11.007","journal-title":"J Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"1","key":"8131_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmig.2007.08.597","volume":"15","author":"T Murakami","year":"2008","unstructured":"Murakami T, Hayasaka S, Terada Y, Yuki H, Tamura M, Yokomizo R et al (2008) Predicting outcome of one-step total hysteroscopic resection of sessile submucous myoma. J Minim Invasive Gynecol 15(1):74\u201377","journal-title":"J Minim Invasive Gynecol"}],"container-title":["Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00404-025-08131-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00404-025-08131-2\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00404-025-08131-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,10]],"date-time":"2025-09-10T00:34:54Z","timestamp":1757464494000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00404-025-08131-2"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,26]]},"references-count":12,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]}},"alternative-id":["8131"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00404-025-08131-2","relation":{},"ISSN":["1432-0711"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"1432-0711"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,26]]},"assertion":[{"value":"27 January 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"18 July 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"26 July 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"This study was approved by the Institutional Reviewer Board of Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}}]}}