{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,23]],"date-time":"2026-02-23T13:04:18Z","timestamp":1771851858642,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,26]],"date-time":"2025-08-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756166400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,26]],"date-time":"2025-08-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756166400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005005","name":"Ben-Gurion University","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005005","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Arch Gynecol Obstet"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Significant effort has been made in recent years to identify environmental factors\u2014particularly perinatal exposures\u2014that contribute to the development of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), yet many proposed associations remain inconsistent and inconclusive. Given the common use of labor induction for both medical indications and maternal preference, we aimed to investigate its potential association with ASD development, while accounting for synergistic factors that may influence its onset.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A population-based cohort study was conducted at a tertiary referral center, focusing on singleton births. The study aimed to compare the occurrence of ASD in children, considering both hospital and community-based diagnoses, in relation to whether labor was induced (using mechanical cervical ripening or prostaglandins, with or without oxytocin) or began spontaneously. A Kaplan-Meier survival curve was employed to assess the cumulative incidence of ASD, and a Cox proportional hazards model was used to account for confounding variables.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Among 115,081 births, 13,071 (11.4%) were labor induced, with the remainder beginning spontaneously. Pregnancy complications, such as gestational diabetes mellitus, preeclampsia or eclampsia, and non-reassuring fetal heart rate patterns, were significantly more common in the labor induction group (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt;0.001 for all). During follow-up, 767 children were diagnosed with ASD: 1.0% in the labor induction group and 0.6% in the spontaneous labor onset group (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt;0.001). The Kaplan-Meier analysis showed a significantly higher cumulative hazard for ASD diagnosis in the labor induction group (log-rank\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      -value &lt;0.001). However, after adjusting for maternal and perinatal factors such as maternal age, cesarean delivery, ethnicity, and gestational conditions, no significant association was found between labor induction and ASD risk (adjusted HR = 1.21, 95% CI 0.99\u20131.47,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.063).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Labor induction was associated with a higher ASD incidence but not as an independent risk factor after adjusting for maternal and perinatal factors.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00404-025-08160-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,26]],"date-time":"2025-08-26T02:49:51Z","timestamp":1756176591000},"page":"1605-1612","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Evaluating the impact of labor induction on autism spectrum disorder risk"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"312","author":[{"given":"Omri","family":"Zamstein","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tamar","family":"Wainstock","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eyal","family":"Sheiner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"8160_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4939-2190-4_8","volume-title":"The Molecular Basis of Autism","author":"MF Casanova","year":"2015","unstructured":"Casanova MF (2015) The Neuropathology of Autism. In: Fatemi SH (ed) The Molecular Basis of Autism. New York, Springer, pp 153\u2013171"},{"issue":"4","key":"8160_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1007\/s11065-010-9148-4","volume":"20","author":"J Stiles","year":"2010","unstructured":"Stiles J, Jernigan TL (2010) The basics of brain development. Neuropsychol Rev 20(4):327\u201348. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11065-010-9148-4","journal-title":"Neuropsychol Rev"},{"issue":"3","key":"8160_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"759","DOI":"10.1038\/mp.2017.119","volume":"23","author":"M Hornig","year":"2018","unstructured":"Hornig M, Bresnahan MA, Che X et al (2018) Prenatal fever and autism risk. Mol Psychiatry. 23(3):759\u2013766. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/mp.2017.119","journal-title":"Mol Psychiatry."},{"issue":"11","key":"8160_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1268","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwn250","volume":"168","author":"MS Durkin","year":"2008","unstructured":"Durkin MS, Maenner MJ, Newschaffer CJ et al (2008) Advanced parental age and the risk of autism spectrum disorder. Am J Epidemiol 168(11):1268\u20131276. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/aje\/kwn250","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"8160_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2010-1036","volume":"128","author":"H Gardener","year":"2011","unstructured":"Gardener H, Spiegelman D, Buka SL (2011) Perinatal and neonatal risk factors for autism: a comprehensive meta-analysis. Pediatrics 128(2):344\u201355. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1542\/peds.2010-1036","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"8160_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ijgo.16150","author":"S Ellouk","year":"2025","unstructured":"Ellouk S, Zamstein O, Wainstock T, Sheiner E (2025) The association between preterm delivery and autism spectrum disorder in childhood: a retrospective cohort study. Int J Gynaecol Obstet. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ijgo.16150","journal-title":"Int J Gynaecol Obstet"},{"issue":"10","key":"8160_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2607","DOI":"10.1007\/s10815-024-03180-z","volume":"41","author":"O Zamstein","year":"2024","unstructured":"Zamstein O, Wainstock T, Gutvirtz G, Sheiner E (2024) Assessing the impact of medically assisted reproduction on autism spectrum disorder risk. J Assist Reprod Genet 41(10):2607\u20132613. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10815-024-03180-z","journal-title":"J Assist Reprod Genet"},{"key":"8160_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2020.02.006","volume":"67","author":"V Hundley","year":"2020","unstructured":"Hundley V, Downe S, Buckley SJ (2020) The initiation of labour at term gestation: Physiology and practice implications. Best Pract Res Clin Obstetr Gynaecol. 67:4\u201318. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2020.02.006","journal-title":"Best Pract Res Clin Obstetr Gynaecol."},{"key":"8160_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"ACOG Practice Bulletin No. 107: Induction of labor. Obstet Gynecol. 2009 Aug;114(2 Pt 1):386\u2013397. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/AOG.0b013e3181b48ef5","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0b013e3181b48ef5"},{"key":"8160_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists\u2019 Committee on Obstetric Practice, Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine. Medically Indicated Late-Preterm and Early-Term Deliveries: ACOG Committee Opinion, Number 831. Obstet Gynecol. 2021 Jul 1;138(1):e35\u2013e39. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/AOG.0000000000004447","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0000000000004447"},{"issue":"1","key":"8160_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0228196","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0228196","volume":"15","author":"D Coates","year":"2020","unstructured":"Coates D, Makris A, Catling C et al (2020) A systematic scoping review of clinical indications for induction of labour. PLoS One 15(1):e0228196. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0228196","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"3","key":"8160_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"Cd001233","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD001233.pub4","volume":"3","author":"MD de Vaan","year":"2023","unstructured":"de Vaan MD, Ten Eikelder ML, Jozwiak M et al (2023) Mechanical methods for induction of labour. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 3(3):Cd001233. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/14651858.CD001233.pub4","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"issue":"14","key":"8160_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2005","DOI":"10.1517\/14656566.2012.722622","volume":"13","author":"JS Hawkins","year":"2012","unstructured":"Hawkins JS, Wing DA (2012) Current pharmacotherapy options for labor induction. Expert Opin Pharmacother 13(14):2005\u201314. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1517\/14656566.2012.722622","journal-title":"Expert Opin Pharmacother"},{"issue":"6","key":"8160_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"Cd003101","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003101.pub3","volume":"2014","author":"J Thomas","year":"2014","unstructured":"Thomas J, Fairclough A, Kavanagh J, Kelly AJ (2014) Vaginal prostaglandin (PGE2 and PGF2a) for induction of labour at term. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2014(6):Cd003101. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/14651858.CD003101.pub3","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev."},{"issue":"7","key":"8160_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"Cd004945","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD004945.pub5","volume":"7","author":"P Middleton","year":"2020","unstructured":"Middleton P, Shepherd E, Morris J, Crowther CA, Gomersall JC (2020) Induction of labour at or beyond 37 weeks\u2019 gestation. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 7(7):Cd004945. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/14651858.CD004945.pub5","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"issue":"2","key":"8160_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"108960","DOI":"10.1016\/j.isci.2024.108960","volume":"27","author":"T Giri","year":"2024","unstructured":"Giri T, Maloney SE, Giri S et al (2024) Oxytocin-induced birth causes sex-specific behavioral and brain connectivity changes in developing rat offspring. iScience. 27(2):108960. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.isci.2024.108960","journal-title":"iScience."},{"issue":"10","key":"8160_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"959","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapediatrics.2013.2904","volume":"167","author":"SG Gregory","year":"2013","unstructured":"Gregory SG, Anthopolos R, Osgood CE, Grotegut CA, Miranda ML (2013) Association of autism with induced or augmented childbirth in North Carolina Birth Record (1990\u20131998) and Education Research (1997\u20132007) databases. JAMA Pediatr 167(10):959\u201366. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamapediatrics.2013.2904","journal-title":"JAMA Pediatr"},{"issue":"9","key":"8160_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e160965","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapediatrics.2016.0965","volume":"170","author":"AS Oberg","year":"2016","unstructured":"Oberg AS, D\u2019Onofrio BM, Rickert ME et al (2016) Association of labor induction with offspring risk of autism spectrum disorders. JAMA Pediatr 170(9):e160965. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamapediatrics.2016.0965","journal-title":"JAMA Pediatr"},{"issue":"6","key":"8160_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"881","DOI":"10.1017\/s0033291718003021","volume":"49","author":"NN L\u00f8nfeldt","year":"2019","unstructured":"L\u00f8nfeldt NN, Verhulst FC, Strandberg-Larsen K, Plessen KJ, Lebowitz ER (2019) Assessing risk of neurodevelopmental disorders after birth with oxytocin: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Psychol Med 49(6):881\u2013890. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s0033291718003021","journal-title":"Psychol Med"},{"key":"8160_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"ACOG Committee Opinion no. 597: Committee on Obstetric Practice: Labor induction or augmentation and autism. Obstet Gynecol. 2014 May;123(5):1140\u20131142. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/01.AOG.0000446827.54456.89","DOI":"10.1097\/01.AOG.0000446827.54456.89"},{"issue":"8","key":"8160_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"660","DOI":"10.1080\/10937400802370923","volume":"11","author":"RR Dietert","year":"2008","unstructured":"Dietert RR, Dietert JM (2008) Potential for early-life immune insult including developmental immunotoxicity in autism and autism spectrum disorders: focus on critical windows of immune vulnerability. J Toxicol Environ Health B Crit Rev 11(8):660\u201380. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/10937400802370923","journal-title":"J Toxicol Environ Health B Crit Rev"},{"issue":"8","key":"8160_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"498","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn3956","volume":"16","author":"Y Ben-Ari","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ben-Ari Y (2015) Is birth a critical period in the pathogenesis of autism spectrum disorders? Nat Rev Neurosci 16(8):498\u2013505. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nrn3956","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurosci"},{"issue":"12","key":"8160_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1422","DOI":"10.1111\/aogs.14447","volume":"101","author":"EM Swift","year":"2022","unstructured":"Swift EM, Gunnarsdottir J, Zoega H, Bjarnadottir RI, Steingrimsdottir T, Einarsdottir K (2022) Trends in labor induction indications: a 20-year population-based study. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 101(12):1422\u20131430. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/aogs.14447","journal-title":"Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand"},{"issue":"2","key":"8160_CR24","first-page":"1","volume":"73","author":"MJK Osterman","year":"2024","unstructured":"Osterman MJK, Hamilton BE, Martin JA, Driscoll AK, Valenzuela CP (2024) Births: final data for 2022. Natl Vital Stat Rep 73(2):1\u201356","journal-title":"Natl Vital Stat Rep"},{"issue":"5","key":"8160_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2313162","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2023.13162","volume":"6","author":"J Hong","year":"2023","unstructured":"Hong J, Atkinson J, Roddy Mitchell A et al (2023) Comparison of maternal labor-related complications and neonatal outcomes following elective induction of labor at 39 weeks of gestation vs expectant management: a systematic review and meta-analysis. JAMA network open. 6(5):e2313162\u2013e2313162. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2023.13162","journal-title":"JAMA network open."},{"issue":"6","key":"8160_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1645","DOI":"10.1002\/ppul.26964","volume":"59","author":"O Zamstein","year":"2024","unstructured":"Zamstein O, Wainstock T, Sheiner E (2024) Respiratory morbidity among offspring misclassified as growth restricted. Pediatr Pulmonol 59(6):1645\u20131651. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ppul.26964","journal-title":"Pediatr Pulmonol"},{"issue":"2","key":"8160_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"478","DOI":"10.1002\/ijgo.14680","volume":"161","author":"T Wainstock","year":"2023","unstructured":"Wainstock T, Sergienko R, Orenshtein S, Sheiner E (2023) Factors associated with COVID-19 vaccination likelihood during pregnancy. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 161(2):478\u2013484. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ijgo.14680","journal-title":"Int J Gynaecol Obstet"},{"issue":"4","key":"8160_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"Cd003246","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003246.pub2","volume":"2009","author":"Z Alfirevic","year":"2009","unstructured":"Alfirevic Z, Kelly AJ, Dowswell T (2009) Intravenous oxytocin alone for cervical ripening and induction of labour. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2009(4):Cd003246. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/14651858.CD003246.pub2","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"issue":"1","key":"8160_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1111\/jog.13551","volume":"44","author":"F Yang","year":"2018","unstructured":"Yang F, Huang S, Long Y, Huang L (2018) Double-balloon versus single-balloon catheter for cervical ripening and labor induction: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Obstet Gynaecol Res 44(1):27\u201334. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jog.13551","journal-title":"J Obstet Gynaecol Res"},{"key":"8160_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-clinpsy-032814-112745","volume":"11","author":"C Lord","year":"2015","unstructured":"Lord C, Bishop SL (2015) Recent advances in autism research as reflected in DSM-5 criteria for autism spectrum disorder. Annu Rev Clin Psychol 11:53\u201370. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1146\/annurev-clinpsy-032814-112745","journal-title":"Annu Rev Clin Psychol"},{"issue":"15","key":"8160_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1412","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2101765","volume":"384","author":"N Dagan","year":"2021","unstructured":"Dagan N, Barda N, Kepten E et al (2021) BNT162b2 mRNA Covid-19 vaccine in a nationwide mass vaccination setting. N Engl J Med 384(15):1412\u20131423. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJMoa2101765","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"8160_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2019-3447","author":"SL Hyman","year":"2020","unstructured":"Hyman SL, Levy SE, Myers SM (2020) Identification, evaluation, and management of children with autism spectrum disorder. Pediatrics. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1542\/peds.2019-3447","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"7","key":"8160_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"691","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2016.0018","volume":"315","author":"AL Siu","year":"2016","unstructured":"Siu AL, Bibbins-Domingo K, Grossman DC et al (2016) Screening for autism spectrum disorder in young children: US preventive services task force recommendation statement. JAMA 315(7):691\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jama.2016.0018","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"1","key":"8160_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-023-44334-4","volume":"15","author":"M Moerkerke","year":"2024","unstructured":"Moerkerke M, Daniels N, Tibermont L et al (2024) Chronic oxytocin administration stimulates the oxytocinergic system in children with autism. Nat Commun. 15(1):58. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41467-023-44334-4","journal-title":"Nat Commun."},{"issue":"3","key":"8160_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"456","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2004.03.008","volume":"63","author":"RU Wahl","year":"2004","unstructured":"Wahl RU (2004) Could oxytocin administration during labor contribute to autism and related behavioral disorders?\u2013A look at the literature. Med Hypotheses 63(3):456\u201360. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.mehy.2004.03.008","journal-title":"Med Hypotheses"},{"issue":"9","key":"8160_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"792","DOI":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2010.06.013","volume":"31","author":"HS Park","year":"2010","unstructured":"Park HS, Romero R, Lee SM, Park CW, Jun JK, Yoon BH (2010) Histologic chorioamnionitis is more common after spontaneous labor than after induced labor at term. Placenta 31(9):792\u20135. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.placenta.2010.06.013","journal-title":"Placenta"},{"issue":"12","key":"8160_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3562","DOI":"10.1007\/s43032-021-00667-3","volume":"28","author":"MF Wolf","year":"2021","unstructured":"Wolf MF, Sgayer I, Asslan A, Palzur E, Shnaider O, Bornstein J (2021) The hormonal milieu by different labor induction methods in women with previous cesarean section: a prospective randomized controlled trial. Reprod Sci 28(12):3562\u20133570. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s43032-021-00667-3","journal-title":"Reprod Sci"},{"issue":"6","key":"8160_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"502","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2013.09.003","volume":"209","author":"AM Vintzileos","year":"2013","unstructured":"Vintzileos AM, Ananth CV (2013) Does augmentation or induction of labor with oxytocin increase the risk for autism? Am J Obstet Gynecol 209(6):502\u20134. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajog.2013.09.003","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"8160_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2021.07.289","volume":"112","author":"NO Nathan","year":"2021","unstructured":"Nathan NO, Hedegaard M, Karlsson G, Knudsen LE, Mathiesen L (2021) Intrapartum transfer of oxytocin across the human placenta: an ex vivo perfusion experiment. Placenta 112:105\u2013110. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.placenta.2021.07.289","journal-title":"Placenta"},{"key":"8160_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists' Committee on Practice Bulletins\u2014Obstetrics. ACOG Practice Bulletin No. 209: Obstetric Analgesia and Anesthesia. Obstet Gynecol. 2019 Mar;133(3):e208\u2013e225. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/AOG.0000000000003132","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0000000000003132"},{"issue":"4","key":"8160_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"282","DOI":"10.1097\/eja.0000000000001932","volume":"41","author":"O Zamstein","year":"2024","unstructured":"Zamstein O, Sheiner E, Binyamin Y, Pariente G, Wainstock T (2024) Examining the relationship between autism spectrum disorder in children whose mother had labour epidural analgesia for their birth: A retrospective cohort study. Eur J Anaesthesiol. 41(4):282\u2013287. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/eja.0000000000001932","journal-title":"Eur J Anaesthesiol."},{"issue":"5s","key":"8160_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S1246","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2023.03.003","volume":"228","author":"S Zuarez-Easton","year":"2023","unstructured":"Zuarez-Easton S, Erez O, Zafran N, Carmeli J, Garmi G, Salim R (2023) Pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic options for pain relief during labor: an expert review. Am J Obstet Gynecol 228(5s):S1246\u2013S1259. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajog.2023.03.003","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"10146","key":"8160_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"508","DOI":"10.1016\/s0140-6736(18)31129-2","volume":"392","author":"C Lord","year":"2018","unstructured":"Lord C, Elsabbagh M, Baird G, Veenstra-Vanderweele J (2018) Autism spectrum disorder. Lancet (London, England) 392(10146):508\u2013520. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0140-6736(18)31129-2","journal-title":"Lancet (London, England)"},{"issue":"5","key":"8160_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1121","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2011-2583","volume":"129","author":"P Krakowiak","year":"2012","unstructured":"Krakowiak P, Walker CK, Bremer AA et al (2012) Maternal metabolic conditions and risk for autism and other neurodevelopmental disorders. Pediatrics. 129(5):e1121-8. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1542\/peds.2011-2583","journal-title":"Pediatrics."},{"issue":"2","key":"8160_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2012.07.040","volume":"162","author":"A Leavey","year":"2013","unstructured":"Leavey A, Zwaigenbaum L, Heavner K, Burstyn I (2013) Gestational age at birth and risk of autism spectrum disorders in Alberta, Canada. J Pediatr 162(2):361\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jpeds.2012.07.040","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"issue":"5","key":"8160_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"500","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpp.12351","volume":"56","author":"EA Curran","year":"2015","unstructured":"Curran EA, O\u2019Neill SM, Cryan JF et al (2015) Research review: birth by caesarean section and development of autism spectrum disorder and attention-deficit\/hyperactivity disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 56(5):500\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jcpp.12351","journal-title":"J Child Psychol Psychiatry"},{"issue":"5","key":"8160_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"514","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2017.4685","volume":"75","author":"RA Muhle","year":"2018","unstructured":"Muhle RA, Reed HE, Stratigos KA, Veenstra-VanderWeele J (2018) The emerging clinical neuroscience of autism spectrum disorder: a review. JAMA Psychiatry. 75(5):514\u2013523. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2017.4685","journal-title":"JAMA Psychiatry."},{"issue":"6","key":"8160_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e047040","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2020-047040","volume":"11","author":"HG Dahlen","year":"2021","unstructured":"Dahlen HG, Thornton C, Downe S et al (2021) Intrapartum interventions and outcomes for women and children following induction of labour at term in uncomplicated pregnancies: a 16-year population-based linked data study. BMJ Open 11(6):e047040. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmjopen-2020-047040","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"issue":"5","key":"8160_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1237","DOI":"10.1007\/s00404-011-2153-x","volume":"285","author":"S Abu-Ghanem","year":"2012","unstructured":"Abu-Ghanem S, Sheiner E, Sherf M, Wiznitzer A, Sergienko R, Shoham-Vardi I (2012) Lack of prenatal care in a traditional community: trends and perinatal outcomes. Arch Gynecol Obstet 285(5):1237\u201342. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00404-011-2153-x","journal-title":"Arch Gynecol Obstet"},{"issue":"10088","key":"8160_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2503","DOI":"10.1016\/s0140-6736(17)30636-0","volume":"389","author":"AM Clarfield","year":"2017","unstructured":"Clarfield AM, Manor O, Nun GB et al (2017) Health and health care in Israel: an introduction. Lancet 389(10088):2503\u20132513. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0140-6736(17)30636-0","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"4","key":"8160_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"761","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0b013e3182a6a4d0","volume":"122","author":"BG Darney","year":"2013","unstructured":"Darney BG, Snowden JM, Cheng YW et al (2013) Elective induction of labor at term compared with expectant management: maternal and neonatal outcomes. Obstet Gynecol 122(4):761\u2013769. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/AOG.0b013e3182a6a4d0","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"}],"container-title":["Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00404-025-08160-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00404-025-08160-x\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00404-025-08160-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,5]],"date-time":"2025-11-05T07:29:41Z","timestamp":1762327781000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00404-025-08160-x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,26]]},"references-count":51,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]}},"alternative-id":["8160"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00404-025-08160-x","relation":{},"ISSN":["1432-0711"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1432-0711","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,26]]},"assertion":[{"value":"13 July 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"20 August 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"26 August 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"This study was presented in part at the 2025 SMFM Pregnancy Meeting, January 27\u2013February 1, 2025, Aurora, Colorado, USA.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Presentation"}}]}}