{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,17]],"date-time":"2026-05-17T06:24:23Z","timestamp":1778999063518,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,28]],"date-time":"2026-01-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769558400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,28]],"date-time":"2026-01-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769558400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012320","name":"Otto-von-Guericke-Universit\u00e4t Magdeburg","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012320","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Arch Gynecol Obstet"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To assess the incidence, risk factors, and prognostic impact of ovarian metastasis in early-stage cervical cancer using a large population-based registry.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We retrospectively analyzed 983 patients with cervical cancer classified as pT1a1\u2013pT2b according to the TNM system treated with primary surgery and bilateral oophorectomy. The association between clinicopathological variables and ovarian metastasis was evaluated using Chi-square tests and binary logistic regression. Survival outcomes were assessed with Kaplan\u2013Meier curves and Cox regression.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Ovarian metastases were identified in 0.8% of cases (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20098). Histologic subtype was significantly associated with ovarian metastasis (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.010). In multivariate logistic regression, adenocarcinoma histology was an independent predictor of metastasis (OR 9.94, 95% CI 1.99\u201349.6,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.005). Patients with ovarian metastases had significantly worse disease-free and overall survival (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001). Due to the rarity of events, multivariable survival analysis incorporating treatment parameters was limited.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Ovarian metastasis is rare in early-stage cervical cancer but associated with significantly impaired prognosis. Adenocarcinoma histology was independently associated with ovarian metastasis and may be considered when discussing ovarian preservation, although validation in larger cohorts is warranted. These findings support the individualized selection of patients for ovary-sparing surgery.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00404-025-08246-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,28]],"date-time":"2026-01-28T20:23:20Z","timestamp":1769631800000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Incidence, risk factors, and outcomes of ovarian metastasis in early-stage cervical cancer: a population-based analysis of 983 patients"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"313","author":[{"given":"Paolo","family":"Gennari","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dennis","family":"Luft","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J\u00f3zsef","family":"M\u00e9sz\u00e1ros","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Atanas","family":"Ignatov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,28]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"8246_CR1","first-page":"427","volume":"132","author":"D Cibula","year":"2014","unstructured":"Cibula D (2014) Ovarian metastases in cervical cancer: a review. Gynecol Oncol 132(2):427\u2013431","journal-title":"Gynecol Oncol"},{"issue":"8","key":"8246_CR2","first-page":"e365","volume":"14","author":"P Morice","year":"2013","unstructured":"Morice P (2013) Ovarian preservation in early-stage invasive cervical cancer: a systematic review. Lancet Oncol 14(8):e365\u2013e375","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol"},{"issue":"3","key":"8246_CR3","first-page":"341","volume":"30","author":"D Cibula","year":"2020","unstructured":"Cibula D (2020) Preservation of the ovaries in young women with early-stage cervical cancer: a review. Int J Gynecol Cancer 30(3):341\u2013346","journal-title":"Int J Gynecol Cancer"},{"issue":"3","key":"8246_CR4","first-page":"490","volume":"19","author":"T Kasamatsu","year":"2009","unstructured":"Kasamatsu T (2009) Prognostic significance of ovarian metastasis in patients with stage IB\u2013IIB cervical carcinoma treated with radical hysterectomy and pelvic lymphadenectomy. Int J Gynecol Cancer 19(3):490\u2013495","journal-title":"Int J Gynecol Cancer"},{"issue":"9","key":"8246_CR5","first-page":"1089","volume":"41","author":"A Buda","year":"2015","unstructured":"Buda A (2015) The role of oophorectomy at the time of radical hysterectomy in early-stage cervical cancer: a meta-analysis. Eur J Surg Oncol 41(9):1089\u20131096","journal-title":"Eur J Surg Oncol"},{"issue":"2","key":"8246_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygyno.2005.10.004","volume":"101","author":"M Shimada","year":"2006","unstructured":"Shimada M, Kigawa J, Nishimura R et al (2006) Ovarian metastasis in carcinoma of the uterine cervix. Gynecol Oncol 101(2):234\u2013237","journal-title":"Gynecol Oncol"},{"issue":"7","key":"8246_CR7","first-page":"1221","volume":"26","author":"Y Zhou","year":"2016","unstructured":"Zhou Y (2016) Risk factors of ovarian metastasis in cervical carcinoma: a meta-analysis. Int J Gynecol Cancer 26(7):1221\u20131229","journal-title":"Int J Gynecol Cancer"},{"issue":"3","key":"8246_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"581","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygyno.2015.03.041","volume":"137","author":"F Kokka","year":"2015","unstructured":"Kokka F (2015) Ovarian preservation for stage IA\u2013IIB cervical cancer undergoing radical hysterectomy: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Gynecol Oncol 137(3):581\u2013586","journal-title":"Gynecol Oncol"},{"issue":"1","key":"8246_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1002\/ijgo.12749","volume":"145","author":"N Bhatla","year":"2019","unstructured":"Bhatla N (2019) Revised FIGO staging for carcinoma of the cervix uteri. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 145(1):129\u2013135","journal-title":"Int J Gynaecol Obstet"},{"issue":"1","key":"8246_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygyno.2020.04.043","volume":"158","author":"RS Gog","year":"2020","unstructured":"Gog RS (2020) Real-world data use in gynecologic oncology: promise and limitations. Gynecol Oncol 158(1):3\u20135","journal-title":"Gynecol Oncol"},{"issue":"3","key":"8246_CR11","first-page":"490","volume":"19","author":"T Kasamatsu","year":"2009","unstructured":"Kasamatsu T, Onda T, Sawada M et al (2009) Radical hysterectomy for FIGO stage I-IIB cervical cancer: prognostic significance of ovarian metastasis. 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Ethical approval was obtained from the Ethics Committee of the University Hospital Magdeburg (Ethikkommission der Otto-von-Guericke-Universit\u00e4t Magdeburg) under approval number 18\/24.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}}],"article-number":"65"}}