{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,24]],"date-time":"2026-07-24T02:07:41Z","timestamp":1784858861328,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,28]],"date-time":"2026-05-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1779926400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,24]],"date-time":"2026-07-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784851200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":57,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Arch Gynecol Obstet"],"DOI":"10.1007\/s00404-026-08382-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,28]],"date-time":"2026-05-28T02:47:24Z","timestamp":1779936444000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The human placenta development and anatomy"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"313","author":[{"given":"Dorcas","family":"Quaye","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter Ofori","family":"Appiah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dorotheah","family":"Obiri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Ahenkorah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kwame","family":"Adu-Bonsaffoh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"8382_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semcdb.2022.03.039","volume":"131","author":"T Cindrova-Davies","year":"2022","unstructured":"Cindrova-Davies T, Sferruzzi-Perri AN (2022) Human placental development and function. Semin Cell Dev Biol 131:66\u201377. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.semcdb.2022.03.039","journal-title":"Semin Cell Dev Biol"},{"issue":"4","key":"8382_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"410","DOI":"10.1093\/humupd\/dmae006","volume":"30","author":"E Derisoud","year":"2024","unstructured":"Derisoud E, Jiang H, Zhao A, Chavatte-Palmer P, Deng Q (2024) Revealing the molecular landscape of human placenta: a systematic review and meta-analysis of single-cell RNA sequencing studies. Hum Reprod Update 30(4):410\u2013441. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/humupd\/dmae006. (PubMed PMID: 38478759; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC11215163)","journal-title":"Hum Reprod Update"},{"issue":"4","key":"8382_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2305","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00039.2024","volume":"105","author":"ILMH Aye","year":"2025","unstructured":"Aye ILMH, Tong S, Charnock-Jones DS, Smith GCS (2025) The human placenta and its role in reproductive outcomes revisited. Physiol Rev 105(4):2305\u20132376. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1152\/physrev.00039.2024","journal-title":"Physiol Rev"},{"key":"8382_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2024.07.310","volume":"155","author":"X Gao","year":"2024","unstructured":"Gao X, Qin X, Pei S, Wang W, Wu R, Mei J et al (2024) Multi-type maternal diabetes mellitus affects human placental villous geometric morphology: a three-dimensional imaging study. Placenta 155:70\u201377. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.placenta.2024.07.310","journal-title":"Placenta"},{"issue":"1","key":"8382_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-nutr-061121-085246","volume":"43","author":"K O\u2019Brien","year":"2023","unstructured":"O\u2019Brien K, Wang Y (2023) The placenta: a maternofetal interface. Annu Rev Nutr 43(1):301\u2013325. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1146\/annurev-nutr-061121-085246. (Volume 43, 2023)","journal-title":"Annu Rev Nutr"},{"key":"8382_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2021.08.056","volume":"115","author":"C Arthuis","year":"2021","unstructured":"Arthuis C, Millischer AE, Bussi\u00e8res L, Mahallati H, Henry C, Ville Y et al (2021) MRI based morphological examination of the placenta. Placenta 115:20\u201326. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.placenta.2021.08.056","journal-title":"Placenta"},{"issue":"4","key":"8382_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.26641\/1997-9665.2019.4.90-96","volume":"13","author":"TW Sadler","year":"2018","unstructured":"Sadler TW (2018) Langman\u2019s Medical Embryology. 14th edition, 2018 author: T.W. Sadler. Morphologia 13(4):90\u201396. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.26641\/1997-9665.2019.4.90-96","journal-title":"Morphologia"},{"issue":"10","key":"8382_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1398","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stem.2024.09.002","volume":"31","author":"MN Shahbazi","year":"2024","unstructured":"Shahbazi MN, Pasque V (2024) Early human development and stem cell-based human embryo models. Cell Stem Cell 31(10):1398\u20131418. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.stem.2024.09.002. (PubMed PMID: 39366361)","journal-title":"Cell Stem Cell"},{"issue":"12","key":"8382_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines12122908","volume":"12","author":"I Vornic","year":"2024","unstructured":"Vornic I, Buciu V, Furau CG, Zara F, Novacescu D, Barb AC et al (2024) The interplay of molecular factors and morphology in human placental development and implantation. Biomedicines 12(12):12. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/biomedicines12122908","journal-title":"Biomedicines"},{"key":"8382_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1016\/j.theriogenology.2023.10.011","volume":"214","author":"M Ma","year":"2024","unstructured":"Ma M, Zhang L, Liu Z, Teng Y, Li M, Peng X et al (2024) Effect of blastocyst development on hatching and embryo implantation. Theriogenology 214:66\u201372. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.theriogenology.2023.10.011","journal-title":"Theriogenology"},{"key":"8382_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-662-66256-4_1","volume-title":"The placenta: basics and clinical significance","author":"B Huppertz","year":"2023","unstructured":"Huppertz B (2023) Placental development with histological aspects. In: Huppertz B, Schleu\u00dfner E (eds) The placenta: basics and clinical significance. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg, pp 1\u201327. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-662-66256-4_1"},{"issue":"14","key":"8382_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23148003","volume":"23","author":"J Kojima","year":"2022","unstructured":"Kojima J, Ono M, Kuji N, Nishi H (2022) Human chorionic villous differentiation and placental development. Int J Mol Sci 23(14):14. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms23148003","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"issue":"14","key":"8382_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25147886","volume":"25","author":"A Gusella","year":"2024","unstructured":"Gusella A, Martignoni G, Giacometti C (2024) Behind the curtain of abnormal placentation in pre-eclampsia: from molecular mechanisms to histological hallmarks. Int J Mol Sci 25(14):14. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms25147886","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"issue":"18","key":"8382_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3479","DOI":"10.1007\/s00018-019-03104-6","volume":"76","author":"M Kn\u00f6fler","year":"2019","unstructured":"Kn\u00f6fler M, Haider S, Saleh L, Pollheimer J, Gamage TKJB, James J (2019) Human placenta and trophoblast development: key molecular mechanisms and model systems. Cell Mol Life Sci 76(18):3479. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00018-019-03104-6. (PubMed PMID: 31049600)","journal-title":"Cell Mol Life Sci"},{"issue":"22","key":"8382_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms20225639","volume":"20","author":"G Moser","year":"2019","unstructured":"Moser G, Guettler J, Forstner D, Gauster M (2019) Maternal platelets\u2014friend or foe of the human placenta? Int J Mol Sci 20(22):5639. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms20225639","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"issue":"1997","key":"8382_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.2023.0191","volume":"290","author":"GJ Burton","year":"2023","unstructured":"Burton GJ, Jauniaux E (2023) The human placenta: new perspectives on its formation and function during early pregnancy. Proc R Soc B Biol Sci 290(1997):20230191. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1098\/rspb.2023.0191","journal-title":"Proc R Soc B Biol Sci"},{"key":"8382_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/REP-20-0153","author":"GJ Burton","year":"2021","unstructured":"Burton GJ, Cindrova-Davies T, wa Yung H, Jauniaux E (2021) Hypoxia and reproductive health: oxygen and development of the human placenta. Reproduction. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1530\/REP-20-0153","journal-title":"Reproduction"},{"key":"8382_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tem.2025.05.001","author":"A Veiga-Lopez","year":"2025","unstructured":"Veiga-Lopez A, Elkin ER, Harris SM, Blake BE, Paquette AG, Aleksunes LM et al (2025) Current approaches and advances in placental toxicology. Trends Endocrinol Metab. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.tem.2025.05.001. (PubMed PMID: 40473500)","journal-title":"Trends Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"18","key":"8382_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22189675","volume":"22","author":"H Zhao","year":"2021","unstructured":"Zhao H, Wong RJ, Stevenson DK (2021) The impact of hypoxia in early pregnancy on placental cells. Int J Mol Sci 22(18):18. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms22189675","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"issue":"7","key":"8382_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00018-022-04407-x","volume":"79","author":"JL James","year":"2022","unstructured":"James JL, Lissaman A, Nursalim YNS, Chamley LW (2022) Modelling human placental villous development: designing cultures that reflect anatomy. Cell Mol Life Sci 79(7):384. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00018-022-04407-x","journal-title":"Cell Mol Life Sci"},{"issue":"11","key":"8382_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.204838","volume":"152","author":"JI Kalisch-Smith","year":"2025","unstructured":"Kalisch-Smith JI (2025) Feto-placental blood vessel development. Development 152(11):dev204838. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1242\/dev.204838","journal-title":"Development"},{"issue":"4","key":"8382_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.3390\/cells12040620","volume":"12","author":"M Rusidz\u00e9","year":"2023","unstructured":"Rusidz\u00e9 M, Gargaros A, F\u00e9brissy C, Dubucs C, Weyl A, Ousselin J et al (2023) Estrogen actions in placental vascular morphogenesis and spiral artery remodeling: a comparative view between humans and mice. Cells 12(4):4. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/cells12040620","journal-title":"Cells"},{"issue":"22","key":"8382_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.163428","volume":"146","author":"MY Turco","year":"2019","unstructured":"Turco MY, Moffett A (2019) Development of the human placenta. Development 146(22):dev163428. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1242\/dev.163428","journal-title":"Development"},{"key":"8382_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2024.130220","volume":"263","author":"C Yi","year":"2024","unstructured":"Yi C, Song H, Liang H, Ran Y, Tang J, Chen E et al (2024) TBX3 reciprocally controls key trophoblast lineage decisions in villi during human placenta development in the first trimester. Int J Biol Macromol 263:130220. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2024.130220","journal-title":"Int J Biol Macromol"},{"key":"8382_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/acb382023","volume":"38","author":"\u00c7 \u00d6zg\u00f6k\u00e7e","year":"2023","unstructured":"\u00d6zg\u00f6k\u00e7e \u00c7, \u00d6cal A, Ermi\u015f IS, Deveci E (2023) Histopathological, ultrastructural, and immunohistochemical examination of changes in the placenta as a result of severe preeclampsia. Acta Cir Bras 38:e382023. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1590\/acb382023","journal-title":"Acta Cir Bras"},{"issue":"14","key":"8382_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1842","DOI":"10.1016\/j.devcel.2024.04.009","volume":"59","author":"B Tan","year":"2024","unstructured":"Tan B, Lin L, Yuan Y, Long Y, Kang Y, Huang B et al (2024) Endothelial progenitor cells control remodeling of uterine spiral arteries for the establishment of utero-placental circulation. Dev Cell 59(14):1842-1859.e12. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.devcel.2024.04.009. (PubMed PMID: 38663400)","journal-title":"Dev Cell"},{"key":"8382_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnut.2025.1598691","author":"S Zheng","year":"2025","unstructured":"Zheng S, Dong S, Shen H, Xu P, Shu C (2025) Role of vitamin D in the pathogenesis of early-onset preeclampsia: a narrative review. Front Nutr. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fnut.2025.1598691","journal-title":"Front Nutr"},{"key":"8382_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cytogfr.2024.11.007","volume":"81","author":"J Zhou","year":"2025","unstructured":"Zhou J, Yan P, Ma W, Li J (2025) Cytokine modulation and immunoregulation of uterine NK cells in pregnancy disorders. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 81:40\u201353. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cytogfr.2024.11.007","journal-title":"Cytokine Growth Factor Rev"},{"key":"8382_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Aplin JD, Lewis RM, Jones CJP (2018) Development of the human placental villus. In: Reference Module in Biomedical Sciences. Elsevier. https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/B978012801238399857Xhttps:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/B978-0-12-801238-3.99857-X","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-801238-3.99857-X"},{"issue":"12","key":"8382_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1296","DOI":"10.1136\/jcp.2008.055277","volume":"61","author":"B Huppertz","year":"2008","unstructured":"Huppertz B (2008) The anatomy of the normal placenta. J Clin Pathol 61(12):1296\u20131302. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/jcp.2008.055277. (PubMed PMID: 18755720)","journal-title":"J Clin Pathol"},{"issue":"5","key":"8382_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"553","DOI":"10.1515\/jpm-2021-0681","volume":"50","author":"S Jaiman","year":"2022","unstructured":"Jaiman S, Romero R, Bhatti G, Jung E, Gotsch F, Suksai M et al (2022) The role of the placenta in spontaneous preterm labor and delivery with intact membranes. J Perinat Med 50(5):553\u2013566. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1515\/jpm-2021-0681","journal-title":"J Perinat Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"8382_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"568","DOI":"10.3390\/cells11030568","volume":"11","author":"MA Ortega","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ortega MA, Fraile-Mart\u00ednez O, Garc\u00eda-Montero C, S\u00e1ez MA, \u00c1lvarez-Mon MA, Torres-Carranza D et al (2022) The pivotal role of the placenta in normal and pathological pregnancies: a focus on preeclampsia, fetal growth restriction, and maternal chronic venous disease. Cells 11(3):568. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/cells11030568. (PubMed PMID: 35159377)","journal-title":"Cells"},{"key":"8382_CR33","unstructured":"Kapila V, Chaudhry K (2023) Physiology, Placenta. In: StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing. https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/sites\/books\/NBK538332\/ PubMed PMID: 30855916"},{"key":"8382_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-801238-3.64926-7","volume-title":"Encyclopedia of reproduction","author":"B Huppertz","year":"2018","unstructured":"Huppertz B (2018) Human placentation. In: Skinner MK (ed) Encyclopedia of reproduction, 2nd edn. Academic Press, Oxford, pp 431\u2013439. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/B978-0-12-801238-3.64926-7","edition":"2"},{"key":"8382_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2024.09.020","volume":"158","author":"S Soni","year":"2024","unstructured":"Soni S, Stevens A, Batra G, Heazell AEP (2024) Characterising delayed villous maturation: a narrative literature review. Placenta 158:48\u201356. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.placenta.2024.09.020","journal-title":"Placenta"},{"issue":"1","key":"8382_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.25040\/ntsh2024.01.16","volume":"73","author":"T Savchuk","year":"2024","unstructured":"Savchuk T (2024) Pathomorphological changes of the placenta in coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in pregnant women at 19\u201332 weeks OF gestation. Proc Shevchenko Sci Soc Med Sci 73(1):1. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.25040\/ntsh2024.01.16","journal-title":"Proc Shevchenko Sci Soc Med Sci"},{"issue":"9","key":"8382_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"479","DOI":"10.1038\/s41574-020-0372-6","volume":"16","author":"JD Aplin","year":"2020","unstructured":"Aplin JD, Myers JE, Timms K, Westwood M (2020) Tracking placental development in health and disease. Nat Rev Endocrinol 16(9):479\u2013494. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41574-020-0372-6","journal-title":"Nat Rev Endocrinol"},{"issue":"1","key":"8382_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/btm2.10372","volume":"8","author":"G Ni","year":"2023","unstructured":"Ni G, Zhong J, Gao X, Wu R, Wang W, Wang X et al (2023) Three-dimensional morphological revealing of human placental villi with common obstetric complications via optical coherence tomography. Bioeng Transl Med 8(1):e10372. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/btm2.10372","journal-title":"Bioeng Transl Med"},{"issue":"517","key":"8382_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"248","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ydbio.2024.10.009","volume":"1","author":"N Ballasy","year":"2025","unstructured":"Ballasy N, Apantaku I, Dean W, Hemberger M (2025) Off to a good start: the importance of the placental exchange surface \u2013 lessons from the mouse. Dev Biol 1(517):248\u2013264. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ydbio.2024.10.009","journal-title":"Dev Biol"},{"issue":"6","key":"8382_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1007\/s00018-022-04377-0","volume":"79","author":"M Gauster","year":"2022","unstructured":"Gauster M, Moser G, Wernitznig S, Kupper N, Huppertz B (2022) Early human trophoblast development: from morphology to function. Cell Mol Life Sci 79(6):345. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00018-022-04377-0","journal-title":"Cell Mol Life Sci"},{"key":"8382_CR41","unstructured":"Betz D, Fane K (2025). Human chorionic gonadotropin. In: StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing, Treasure Island (FL). http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK532950\/ PubMed PMID: 30422545"},{"issue":"3","key":"8382_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.1093\/humupd\/dmaa053","volume":"27","author":"A Colson","year":"2021","unstructured":"Colson A, Sonveaux P, Debi\u00e8ve F, Sferruzzi-Perri AN (2021) Adaptations of the human placenta to hypoxia: opportunities for interventions in fetal growth restriction. Hum Reprod Update 27(3):531\u2013569. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/humupd\/dmaa053","journal-title":"Hum Reprod Update"},{"issue":"6","key":"8382_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/humupd\/dmad016","volume":"29","author":"F Parisi","year":"2023","unstructured":"Parisi F, Fenizia C, Introini A, Zavatta A, Scaccabarozzi C, Biasin M et al (2023) The pathophysiological role of estrogens in the initial stages of pregnancy: molecular mechanisms and clinical implications for pregnancy outcome from the periconceptional period to end of the first trimester. Hum Reprod Update 29(6):699. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/humupd\/dmad016. (PubMed PMID: 37353909.)","journal-title":"Hum Reprod Update"},{"issue":"7","key":"8382_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12669\/pjms.41.7.12135","volume":"41","author":"C Gao","year":"2025","unstructured":"Gao C, Zhang C, Zhang Y, Zhou Y, Shuai X, Gao L (2025) Exploration of normal placental blood flow characteristics in middle and late pregnancy based on microvascular flow imaging. Pak J Med Sci 41(7):7. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.12669\/pjms.41.7.12135","journal-title":"Pak J Med Sci"},{"issue":"2","key":"8382_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.5115\/acb.2012.45.2.86","volume":"45","author":"KD Sankar","year":"2012","unstructured":"Sankar KD, Bhanu PS, Kiran S, Ramakrishna BA, Shanthi V (2012) Vasculosyncytial membrane in relation to syncytial knots complicates the placenta in preeclampsia: a histomorphometrical study. Anat Cell Biol 45(2):86\u201391. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5115\/acb.2012.45.2.86. (PubMed PMID: 22822462; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC3398179.)","journal-title":"Anat Cell Biol"},{"key":"8382_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-80553-0_2","volume-title":"Placentitis and perinatal infections: issues of pathology and pathogenesis","author":"V Zinserling","year":"2024","unstructured":"Zinserling V, Kolobov A, Lucas S (2024) The concept of placental insufficiency. In: Zinserling V, Kolobov A, Lucas S (eds) Placentitis and perinatal infections: issues of pathology and pathogenesis. Springer Nature Switzerland, Cham, pp 9\u201312. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-031-80553-0_2"},{"issue":"5","key":"8382_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rsfs.2019.0037","volume":"9","author":"R Plitman Mayo","year":"2019","unstructured":"Plitman Mayo R, Abbas Y, Charnock-Jones DS, Burton GJ, Marom G (2019) Three-dimensional morphological analysis of placental terminal villi. Interface Focus 9(5):20190037. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1098\/rsfs.2019.0037","journal-title":"Interface Focus"},{"key":"8382_CR48","unstructured":"Herrick EJ, Bordoni B (2025) Embryology, placenta. In: StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing, Treasure Island (FL). http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK551634\/ PubMed PMID: 31869098"},{"key":"8382_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-fluid-010518-040219","volume":"51","author":"OE Jensen","year":"2019","unstructured":"Jensen OE, Chernyavsky IL (2019) Blood flow and transport in the human placenta. Annu Rev Fluid Mech 51:25\u201347. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1146\/annurev-fluid-010518-040219","journal-title":"Annu Rev Fluid Mech"},{"issue":"5","key":"8382_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"560","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(80)90696-1","volume":"137","author":"F Teasdale","year":"1980","unstructured":"Teasdale F (1980) Gestational changes in the functional structure of the human placenta in relation to fetal growth: a morphometric study. Am J Obstet Gynecol 137(5):560\u2013568. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0002-9378(80)90696-1","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"8382_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fbioe.2020.610544","author":"AR Silini","year":"2020","unstructured":"Silini AR, Di Pietro R, Lang-Olip I, Alviano F, Banerjee A, Basile M et al (2020) Perinatal derivatives: where do we stand? A roadmap of the human placenta and consensus for tissue and cell nomenclature. Front Bioeng Biotechnol. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fbioe.2020.610544","journal-title":"Front Bioeng Biotechnol"},{"issue":"2","key":"8382_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0319011","volume":"20","author":"M Mumuni","year":"2025","unstructured":"Mumuni M, Adutwum-Ofosu KK, Arko-Boham B, Hottor BA, Koney NKK, Adu-Bonsaffoh K et al (2025) Histomorphology of placentae of women with sickle cell disease during pregnancy - a case control study. PLoS ONE 20(2):e0319011. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0319011. (PubMed PMID: 39992941; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC11849815.)","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"1663","key":"8382_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2014.0066","volume":"370","author":"GJ Burton","year":"2015","unstructured":"Burton GJ, Fowden AL (2015) The placenta: a multifaceted, transient organ. Philos Trans R Soc B Biol Sci 370(1663):20140066. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1098\/rstb.2014.0066. (PubMed PMID: 25602070; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC4305167.)","journal-title":"Philos Trans R Soc B Biol Sci"},{"issue":"2","key":"8382_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbadis.2019.165535","volume":"1866","author":"I Carrasco-Wong","year":"2020","unstructured":"Carrasco-Wong I, Moller A, Giachini FR, Lima VV, Toledo F, Stojanova J et al (2020) Placental structure in gestational diabetes mellitus. Biochim Biophys Acta (BBA)-Mol Basis Dis 1866(2):165535. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bbadis.2019.165535","journal-title":"Biochim Biophys Acta (BBA)-Mol Basis Dis"},{"key":"8382_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"298","DOI":"10.1016\/j.csbj.2018.08.001","volume":"16","author":"R Plitman Mayo","year":"2018","unstructured":"Plitman Mayo R (2018) Advances in human placental biomechanics. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 16:298\u2013306. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.csbj.2018.08.001","journal-title":"Comput Struct Biotechnol J"},{"key":"8382_CR56","first-page":"129","volume-title":"Hematol Immu-Nology Infect Dis Neonatol Quest Controv-Sies","author":"N Mozaffarian","year":"2012","unstructured":"Mozaffarian N, Shaw EA, Stevens AM (2012) Maternally mediated neonatal autoimmunity. Hematol Immu-Nology Infect Dis Neonatol Quest Controv-Sies, Second Ed. WB Saunders, Phila, pp 129\u2013170","edition":"Second Ed"}],"container-title":["Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00404-026-08382-7","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00404-026-08382-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00404-026-08382-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,24]],"date-time":"2026-07-24T01:41:19Z","timestamp":1784857279000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00404-026-08382-7"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,28]]},"references-count":56,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["8382"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00404-026-08382-7","relation":{},"ISSN":["1432-0711"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1432-0711","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,28]]},"assertion":[{"value":"30 October 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"24 February 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"28 May 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Conflict of interest","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","label":"Ethical approval and consent to participate","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"All authors have given their consent for the publication of this manuscript.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","label":"Consent for publication","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}],"article-number":"234"}}