{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,29]],"date-time":"2025-10-29T13:21:21Z","timestamp":1761744081326},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,7]],"date-time":"2015-01-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1420588800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,1]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00405-015-3493-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,6]],"date-time":"2015-01-06T16:20:28Z","timestamp":1420561228000},"page":"81-86","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["The middle ear immune defense changes with age"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"273","author":[{"given":"Michelle Christine","family":"Nielsen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Morten","family":"Friis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tomas","family":"Martin-Bertelsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ole","family":"Winther","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lennart","family":"Friis-Hansen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Per","family":"Cay\u00e9-Thomasen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"3493_CR1","first-page":"180","volume-title":"Evidence-based otitis media","author":"RM Rosenfeld","year":"2014","unstructured":"Rosenfeld RM, Kay D (2014) Natural history of untreated otitis media. In: Rosenfeld RM, Bluestone CD (eds) Evidence-based otitis media, 2nd edn. BC Decker, Hamilton, pp 180\u2013198","edition":"2"},{"key":"3493_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/160.1.83","volume":"160","author":"DW Teele","year":"1989","unstructured":"Teele DW, Klein JO, Rosner B (1989) Epidemiology of otitis media during the first seven years of life in children in greater Boston: a prospective, cohort study. J Infect Dis 160:83\u201394","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"3493_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"589","DOI":"10.1203\/00006450-200104000-00023","volume":"49","author":"RD Fusunyan","year":"2001","unstructured":"Fusunyan RD, Nanthakumar NN, Baldeon ME et al (2001) Evidence for an innate immune response in the immature human intestine: toll-like receptors on fetal enterocytes. Pediatr Res 49:589\u2013593","journal-title":"Pediatr Res"},{"key":"3493_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1651-2227.1994.tb13219.x","volume":"83","author":"TT MacDonald","year":"1994","unstructured":"MacDonald TT, Spencer J (1994) Ontogeny of the gut-associated lymphoid system in man. Acta Paediatr Suppl 83:3\u20135","journal-title":"Acta Paediatr Suppl"},{"key":"3493_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"953","DOI":"10.1203\/00006450-198008000-00012","volume":"14","author":"M Perkkio","year":"1980","unstructured":"Perkkio M, Savilahti E (1980) Time of appearance of immunoglobulin-containing cells in the mucosa of the neonatal intestine. Pediatr Res 14:953\u2013955","journal-title":"Pediatr Res"},{"key":"3493_CR6","first-page":"331","volume":"53","author":"RA Bridges","year":"1959","unstructured":"Bridges RA, Condie RM, Zak SJ et al (1959) The morphologic basis of antibody formation development during the neonatal period. J Lab Clin Med 53:331\u2013357","journal-title":"J Lab Clin Med"},{"key":"3493_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1203\/00006450-200101000-00018","volume":"49","author":"K Harju","year":"2001","unstructured":"Harju K, Glumoff V, Hallman M (2001) Ontogeny of Toll-like receptors Tlr2 and Tlr4 in mice. Pediatr Res 49:81\u201383","journal-title":"Pediatr Res"},{"key":"3493_CR8","first-page":"125","volume":"131","author":"T Takemura","year":"1985","unstructured":"Takemura T, Eishi Y (1985) Distribution of secretory component and immunoglobulins in the developing lung. Am Rev Respir Dis 131:125\u2013130","journal-title":"Am Rev Respir Dis"},{"key":"3493_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"342","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2249.1991.tb05820.x","volume":"86","author":"PS Thrane","year":"1991","unstructured":"Thrane PS, Rognum TO, Brandtzaeg P (1991) Ontogenesis of the secretory immune system and innate defence factors in human parotid glands. Clin Exp Immunol 86:342\u2013348","journal-title":"Clin Exp Immunol"},{"key":"3493_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.1086\/376530","volume":"188","author":"S Krishnan","year":"2003","unstructured":"Krishnan S, Craven M, Welliver RC et al (2003) Differences in participation of innate and adaptive immunity to respiratory syncytial virus in adults and neonates. J Infect Dis 188:433\u2013439","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"3493_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-5876(80)90007-5","volume":"1","author":"G Mogi","year":"1980","unstructured":"Mogi G, Maeda S, Watanabe N (1980) The development of mucosal immunity in guinea pig middle ears. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 1:331\u2013349","journal-title":"Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol"},{"key":"3493_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R80","DOI":"10.1186\/gb-2004-5-10-r80","volume":"5","author":"RC Gentleman","year":"2004","unstructured":"Gentleman RC, Carey VJ, Bates DM et al (2004) Bioconductor: open software development for computational biology and bioinformatics. Genome Biol 5:R80","journal-title":"Genome Biol"},{"key":"3493_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e175","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gni179","volume":"33","author":"M Dai","year":"2005","unstructured":"Dai M, Wang P, Boyd AD (2005) Evolving gene\/transcript definitions significantly alter the interpretation of GeneChip data. Nucleic Acids Res 33:e175","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res"},{"key":"3493_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"909","DOI":"10.1198\/016214504000000683","volume":"99","author":"Z Wu","year":"2004","unstructured":"Wu Z, Irizarry R, Gentleman R et al (2004) A model-based background adjustment for oligonucleotide expression arrays. J Am Stat Assoc 99:909\u2013917","journal-title":"J Am Stat Assoc"},{"key":"3493_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2105-9-140","volume":"9","author":"S Calza","year":"2008","unstructured":"Calza S, Valentini D, Pawitan Y (2008) Normalization of oligonucleotide arrays based on the least-variant set of genes. BMC Bioinformatics 9:140","journal-title":"BMC Bioinformatics"},{"key":"3493_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e102","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkm537","volume":"35","author":"S Calza","year":"2007","unstructured":"Calza S, Raffelsberger W, Ploner A (2007) Filtering genes to improve sensitivity in oligonucleotide microarray data analysis. Nucleic Acids Res 35:e102","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res"},{"key":"3493_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1257","DOI":"10.3109\/00016489.2011.616910","volume":"131","author":"M Friis","year":"2011","unstructured":"Friis M, Martin-Bertelsen T, Friis-Hansen L et al (2011) Gene expression of the endolymphatic sac. Acta Otolaryngol 131:1257\u20131263","journal-title":"Acta Otolaryngol"},{"key":"3493_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2349","DOI":"10.1002\/ar.22992","volume":"297","author":"M Nielsen","year":"2014","unstructured":"Nielsen M, Martin-Bertelsen T, Friis M et al (2014) Bone signaling in middle ear development: a genome-wide differential expression analysis. Anat Rec (Hoboken) 297:2349\u20132355","journal-title":"Anat Rec (Hoboken)"},{"key":"3493_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/163.1.187","volume":"163","author":"PG Sohnle","year":"1991","unstructured":"Sohnle PG, Collins-Lech C, Wiessner JH (1991) Antimicrobial activity of an abundant calcium-binding protein in the cytoplasm of human neutrophils. J Infect Dis 163:187\u2013192","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"3493_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3692","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.69.6.3692-3696.2001","volume":"69","author":"K Nisapakultorn","year":"2001","unstructured":"Nisapakultorn K, Ross KF, Herzberg MC (2001) Calprotectin expression inhibits bacterial binding to mucosal epithelial cells. Infect Immun 69:3692\u20133696","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"3493_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-4652(199602)166:2<427::AID-JCP21>3.0.CO;2-6","volume":"166","author":"CJ Cornish","year":"1996","unstructured":"Cornish CJ, Devery JM, Poronnik P et al (1996) S100 protein CP-10 stimulates myeloid cell chemotaxis without activation. J Cell Physiol 166:427\u2013437","journal-title":"J Cell Physiol"},{"key":"3493_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1042","DOI":"10.1038\/nm1638","volume":"13","author":"T Vogl","year":"2007","unstructured":"Vogl T, Tenbrock K, Ludwig S et al (2007) Mrp8 and Mrp14 are endogenous activators of Toll-like receptor 4, promoting lethal, endotoxin-induced shock. Nat Med 13:1042\u20131049","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"3493_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1001\/archoto.2008.513","volume":"135","author":"JE Kerschner","year":"2009","unstructured":"Kerschner JE, Horsey E, Ahmed A et al (2009) Gene expression differences in infected and noninfected middle ear complementary DNA libraries. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 135:33\u201339","journal-title":"Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg"},{"key":"3493_CR24","first-page":"95","volume-title":"Mucosal immunology","author":"RI Lehrer","year":"2004","unstructured":"Lehrer RI, Bevins CL, Ganz T (2004) Defensins and other antimicrobial peptides. In: Mestecky J, Bienstock J, Lamm ME et al (eds) Mucosal immunology, 3rd edn. AcademicPress, New York, pp 95\u2013110","edition":"3"},{"key":"3493_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"978","DOI":"10.1007\/PL00000914","volume":"58","author":"D Yang","year":"2001","unstructured":"Yang D, Chertov O, Oppenheim JJ (2001) The role of mammalian antimicrobial peptides and proteins in awakening of innate host defenses and adaptive immunity. Cell Mol Life Sci 58:978\u2013989","journal-title":"Cell Mol Life Sci"},{"key":"3493_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1040","DOI":"10.1080\/00016480600672626","volume":"126","author":"SD Jin","year":"2006","unstructured":"Jin SD, Gan-Undram S, Jin KS (2006) Expression of beta-defensins in the tubotympanum of experimental otitis media. Acta Otolaryngol 126:1040\u20131045","journal-title":"Acta Otolaryngol"},{"key":"3493_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9831","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)38746-0","volume":"265","author":"AJ Ouellette","year":"1990","unstructured":"Ouellette AJ, Lualdi JC (1990) A novel mouse gene family coding for cationic, cysteine-rich peptides. Regulation in small intestine and cells of myeloid origin. J Biol Chem 265:9831\u20139837","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"3493_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1284","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.160.5.1284","volume":"160","author":"A Weiss","year":"1984","unstructured":"Weiss A, Stobo JD (1984) Requirement for the coexpression of T3 and the T cell antigen receptor on a malignant human T cell line. J Exp Med 160:1284\u20131299","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"3493_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"593","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.iy.04.040186.003113","volume":"4","author":"A Weiss","year":"1986","unstructured":"Weiss A, Imboden J, Hardy K et al (1986) The role of the T3\/antigen receptor complex in T-cell activation. Annu Rev Immunol 4:593\u2013619","journal-title":"Annu Rev Immunol"},{"key":"3493_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1596","DOI":"10.1126\/science.8202712","volume":"264","author":"ME Elder","year":"1994","unstructured":"Elder ME, Lin D, Clever J et al (1994) Human severe combined immunodeficiency due to a defect in ZAP-70, a T cell tyrosine kinase. Science 264:1596\u20131599","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"3493_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.181.1.375","volume":"181","author":"N Isakov","year":"1995","unstructured":"Isakov N, Wange RL, Burgess WH (1995) ZAP-70 binding specificity to T cell receptor tyrosine-based activation motifs: the tandem SH2 domains of ZAP-70 bind distinct tyrosine-based activation motifs with varying affinity. J Exp Med 181:375\u2013380","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"3493_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(00)80901-0","volume":"92","author":"W Zhang","year":"1998","unstructured":"Zhang W, Sloan-Lancaster J, Kitchen J et al (1998) LAT: the ZAP-70 tyrosine kinase substrate that links T cell receptor to cellular activation. Cell 92:83\u201392","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"3493_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(00)80032-1","volume":"10","author":"W Zhang","year":"1999","unstructured":"Zhang W, Sommers CL, Burshtyn DN et al (1999) Essential role of LAT in T cell development. Immunity 10:323\u2013332","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"3493_CR34","first-page":"1","volume":"354","author":"C Czerkinsky","year":"2012","unstructured":"Czerkinsky C, Holmgren J (2012) Mucosal delivery routes for optimal immunization: targeting immunity to the right tissues. Curr Top Microbiol Immunol 354:1\u201318","journal-title":"Curr Top Microbiol Immunol"}],"container-title":["European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00405-015-3493-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00405-015-3493-0\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00405-015-3493-0","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,26]],"date-time":"2022-04-26T02:04:27Z","timestamp":1650938667000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00405-015-3493-0"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,7]]},"references-count":34,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,1]]}},"alternative-id":["3493"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00405-015-3493-0","relation":{},"ISSN":["0937-4477","1434-4726"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0937-4477","type":"print"},{"value":"1434-4726","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,7]]}}}