{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T01:07:18Z","timestamp":1788829638859,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":10,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,17]],"date-time":"2017-08-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1502928000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,17]],"date-time":"2017-08-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1502928000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>Acronyms and abbreviations are frequently used in otorhinolaryngology and other medical specialties. CO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> laser-assisted transoral surgery of the pharynx, the larynx and the upper airway is a family of commonly performed surgical procedures termed transoral laser microsurgery (TLM). The abbreviation TLM can be confusing because of alternative modes of delivery. Classification and definition of the different types of procedures, performed transorally or transnasally, are proposed by the Working Committee for Nomenclature of the European Laryngological Society, emphasizing the type of laser used and the way this laser is transmitted. What is usually called TLM, would more clearly be defined as CO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> laser transoral microsurgery or CO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> TOLMS or CO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> laser transoral surgery only (with a handpiece) would be defined as CO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> TOLS. KTP transnasal flexible laser surgery would be KTP TNFLS. Transoral use of the flexible CO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> wave-guide with a handpiece would be a CO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> TOFLS. One can argue that these clarifications are not necessary and that the abbreviation TLM for transoral laser microsurgery is more than sufficient. But this is not the case. Laser surgery, office-based laser surgery and microsurgery are frequently and erroneously interchanged for one another. These classifications allow for a clear understanding of what was performed and what the results meant.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405-017-4708-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,17]],"date-time":"2017-08-17T17:12:00Z","timestamp":1502989920000},"page":"3723-3727","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":48,"title":["Laser-assisted surgery of the upper aero-digestive tract: a clarification of nomenclature. 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A consensus statement of the European Laryngological Society,\u2019 written by Marc Remacle, Christoph Arens, Mostafa Badr Eldin, Guillermo Campos, Carlos Chiesa Estomba, Pavel Dulguerov, Ivana Fiz, Anastasios Hantzakos, Jer\u00f4me Keghian, Francesco Mora, Nayla Matar, Giorgio Peretti, Cesare Piazza, Gregory N. Postma, Vyas Prasad, Elisabeth Sjogren, Frederik G. Dikkers, was originally published Online First without open access. After publication in volume 274 issue 10, page 3723\u20133727 the authors decided to opt for Open Choice and to make the article an open access publication. Therefore, the copyright of the article has been changed to \u00a9 The Author(s) 2018 and the article is forthwith distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/), which permits use, duplication, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.","order":6,"name":"change_details","label":"Change Details","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Compliance with ethical standards"}},{"value":"All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and\/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. Faces of patients possibly have been covered. Surgeons present on the pictures are the first author, co-author or fellows consenting with this publication.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}]}}