{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,14]],"date-time":"2026-05-14T22:12:42Z","timestamp":1778796762316,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,31]],"date-time":"2018-10-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1540944000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,1]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00405-018-5183-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,31]],"date-time":"2018-10-31T03:24:32Z","timestamp":1540956272000},"page":"85-91","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Blunt nasal trauma in children: a frequent diagnostic challenge"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"276","author":[{"given":"Urs","family":"Borner","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6927-0664","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lukas","family":"Anschuetz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nadine","family":"Kaiser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alexander","family":"Rieke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Patrick","family":"Dubach","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marco","family":"Caversaccio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,31]]},"reference":[{"issue":"12","key":"5183_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1366","DOI":"10.1001\/archotol.1995.01890120026005","volume":"121","author":"T Iizuka","year":"1995","unstructured":"Iizuka T, Thor\u00e9n H, Annino DJ Jr, Hallikainen D, Lindqvist C (1995) Midfacial fractures in pediatric patients. Frequency, characteristics, and causes. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 121(12):1366\u20131371","journal-title":"Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg"},{"issue":"2","key":"5183_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"231237","DOI":"10.1097\/00005373-200108000-00004","volume":"51","author":"B Simon","year":"2001","unstructured":"Simon B, Letourneau P, Vitorino E, McCall J (2001) Pediatric minor head trauma: indications for computed tomographic scanning revisited. J Trauma 51(2):231\u2013237 (discussion 237\u20138)","journal-title":"J Trauma"},{"issue":"6","key":"5183_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"665","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anl.2009.02.005","volume":"36","author":"F Dispenza","year":"2009","unstructured":"Dispenza F, Saraniti C, Sciandra D, Kulamarva G, Dispenza C (2009) Management of naso-septal deformity in childhood: long-term results. Auris Nasus Larynx 36(6):665\u2013670","journal-title":"Auris Nasus Larynx"},{"issue":"4","key":"5183_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1016\/S0385-8146(00)00071-7","volume":"27","author":"H Alvarez","year":"2000","unstructured":"Alvarez H, Osorio J, De Diego JI, Prim MP, De La Torre C, Gavilan J (2000) Sequelae after nasal septum injuries in children. Auris Nasus Larynx 27(4):339\u2013342","journal-title":"Auris Nasus Larynx"},{"issue":"4","key":"5183_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joms.2003.05.013","volume":"62","author":"R Gassner","year":"2004","unstructured":"Gassner R, Tuli T, H\u00e4chl O, Moreira R, Ulmer H (2004) Craniomaxillofacial trauma in children: a review of 3,385 cases with 6,060 injuries in 10 years. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 62(4):399\u2013407","journal-title":"J Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"5183_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joms.2007.04.023","volume":"66","author":"NM Eggensperger Wymann","year":"2008","unstructured":"Eggensperger Wymann NM, H\u00f6lzle A, Zachariou Z, Iizuka T (2008) Pediatric craniofacial trauma. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 66(1):58\u201364 (Review)","journal-title":"J Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"issue":"11","key":"5183_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1005","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1020078522493","volume":"17","author":"M Belechri","year":"2001","unstructured":"Belechri M, Petridou E, Kedikoglou S, Trichopoulos D, Sports Injuries European Union Group (2001) Sports injuries among children in six European union countries. Eur J Epidemiol 17(11):1005\u20131012","journal-title":"Eur J Epidemiol"},{"issue":"7","key":"5183_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1408","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2014.04.002","volume":"42","author":"IC Hoppe","year":"2014","unstructured":"Hoppe IC, Kordahi AM, Paik AM, Lee ES, Granick MS (2014) Age and sex-related differences in 431 pediatric facial fractures at a level 1 trauma center. J Craniomaxillofac Surg 42(7):1408\u20131411","journal-title":"J Craniomaxillofac Surg"},{"issue":"2","key":"5183_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1097\/SCS.0b013e31814fb5e3","volume":"19","author":"RM Vyas","year":"2008","unstructured":"Vyas RM, Dickinson BP, Wasson KL, Roostaeian J, Bradley JP (2008) Pediatric facial fractures: current national incidence, distribution, and health care resource use. J Craniofac Surg 19(2):339\u2013349 (discussion 350)","journal-title":"J Craniofac Surg"},{"issue":"10","key":"5183_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1979","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2015.10.008","volume":"43","author":"T Soleimani","year":"2015","unstructured":"Soleimani T, Greathouse ST, Bell TM, Fernandez SI, O\u2019Neil J, Flores RL, Tholpady SS (2015) Epidemiology and cause-specific outcomes of facial fracture in hospitalized children. J Craniomaxillofac Surg 43(10):1979\u20131985","journal-title":"J Craniomaxillofac Surg"},{"issue":"9","key":"5183_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3134","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph9093134","volume":"9","author":"M Brussoni","year":"2012","unstructured":"Brussoni M, Olsen LL, Pike I, Sleet DA (2012) Risky play and children\u2019s safety: balancing priorities for optimal child development. Int J Environ Res Public Health 9(9):3134\u201348","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"issue":"3","key":"5183_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e271","DOI":"10.1097\/SCS.0000000000002502","volume":"27","author":"SY Bede","year":"2016","unstructured":"Bede SY, Ismael WK, Al-Assaf D (2016) Patterns of pediatric maxillofacial injuries. J Craniofac Surg 27(3):e271\u2013e275","journal-title":"J Craniofac Surg"},{"issue":"9","key":"5183_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1756","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joms.2014.03.015","volume":"72","author":"V Allareddy","year":"2014","unstructured":"Allareddy V, Itty A, Maiorini E, Lee MK, Rampa S, Allareddy V, Nalliah RP (2014) Emergency department visits with facial fractures among children and adolescents: an analysis of profile and predictors of causes of injuries. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 72(9):1756\u20131765","journal-title":"J Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"issue":"11","key":"5183_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1417","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijporl.2004.05.014","volume":"68","author":"C Dispenza","year":"2004","unstructured":"Dispenza C, Saraniti C, Dispenza F, Caramanna C, Salzano FA (2004) Management of nasal septal abscess in childhood: our experience. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 68(11):1417\u20131421","journal-title":"Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol"},{"key":"5183_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijporl.2016.10.007","volume":"91","author":"DA Tien","year":"2016","unstructured":"Tien DA, Krakovitz P, Anne S (2016) Nasal septal abscess in association with pediatric acute rhinosinusitis. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 91:27\u201329","journal-title":"Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol"},{"issue":"4","key":"5183_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e129","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jemermed.2016.10.049","volume":"52","author":"Y Cai","year":"2017","unstructured":"Cai Y, Saqi A, Haddad J Jr (2017) Spontaneous nasal septal abscess presenting as a soft tissue mass in a child. J Emerg Med 52(4):e129\u2013e132","journal-title":"J Emerg Med"},{"key":"5183_CR17","first-page":"342","volume":"46","author":"P Dubach","year":"2008","unstructured":"Dubach P, Aebi C, Caversaccio M (2008) Late-onset posttraumatic septal hematoma and abscess formation in a six-year-old Tamil girl-case report and literature review. Rhinology 46:342\u2013343","journal-title":"Rhinology"},{"issue":"4","key":"5183_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"575","DOI":"10.1288\/00005537-198104000-00010","volume":"91","author":"PS Ambrus","year":"1981","unstructured":"Ambrus PS, Eavey RD, Baker AS, Wilson WR, Kelly JH (1981) Management of nasal septal abscess. Laryngoscope 91(4):575\u2013582","journal-title":"Laryngoscope"},{"issue":"12","key":"5183_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2238","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijporl.2015.10.011","volume":"79","author":"C Liu","year":"2015","unstructured":"Liu C, Legocki AT, Mader NS, Scott AR (2015) Nasal fractures in children and adolescents: mechanisms of injury and efficacy of closed reduction. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 79(12):2238\u20132242","journal-title":"Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol"},{"issue":"1","key":"5183_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2017.08.022","volume":"71","author":"H Nishioka","year":"2018","unstructured":"Nishioka H, Kondoh S, Yuzuriha S (2018) Convex bone deformity after closed reduction of nasal bone fracture. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg 71(1):85\u201389","journal-title":"J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg"},{"issue":"7","key":"5183_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1649","DOI":"10.1097\/SCS.0000000000003602","volume":"28","author":"H Lim","year":"2017","unstructured":"Lim H, Kang KR, Koh SH, Jung SW, Jung S (2017) Postoperative changes after closed reduction of nasal fracture. J Craniofac Surg 28(7):1649\u20131653","journal-title":"J Craniofac Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"5183_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1177\/014556130208100116","volume":"81","author":"GJ Ridder","year":"2002","unstructured":"Ridder GJ, Boedeker CC, Fradis M, Schipper J (2002) Technique and timing for closed reduction of isolated nasal fractures: a retrospective study. Ear Nose Throat J 81(1):49\u201354","journal-title":"Ear Nose Throat J"},{"issue":"2","key":"5183_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.176.2.1760289","volume":"176","author":"D Brenner","year":"2001","unstructured":"Brenner D, Elliston C, Hall E, Berdon W (2001) Estimated risks of radiation-induced fatal cancer from pediatric CT. AJR 176(2):289\u2013296","journal-title":"AJR"},{"issue":"4","key":"5183_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"554","DOI":"10.1177\/0194599814542588","volume":"151","author":"JX Chen","year":"2014","unstructured":"Chen JX, Kachniarz B, Gilani S, Shin JJ (2014) Risk of malignancy associated with head and neck CT in children: a systematic review. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 151(4):554\u2013566","journal-title":"Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg"},{"issue":"5","key":"5183_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1161","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-008-1256-7","volume":"19","author":"H Oikarinen","year":"2009","unstructured":"Oikarinen H, Meril\u00e4inen S, P\u00e4\u00e4kk\u00f6 E, Karttunen A, Nieminen MT, Tervonen O (2009) Unjustified CT examinations in young patients. Eur Radiol 19(5):1161\u20131165","journal-title":"Eur Radiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"5183_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.1148\/rg.282075060","volume":"28","author":"A Alcal\u00e1-Galiano","year":"2008","unstructured":"Alcal\u00e1-Galiano A, Arribas-Garc\u00eda IJ, Mart\u00edn-P\u00e9rez MA, Romance A, Montalvo-Moreno JJ, Juncos JM (2008) Pediatric facial fractures: children are not just small adults. Radiographics 28(2):441\u201361","journal-title":"Radiographics"},{"issue":"6","key":"5183_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"613","DOI":"10.2500\/ajr.2008.22.3239","volume":"22","author":"R G\u00fcrkov","year":"2008","unstructured":"G\u00fcrkov R, Clevert D, Krause E (2008) Sonography versus plain X rays in diagnosis of nasal fractures. Am J Rhinol 22(6):613\u2013616. [Erratum in: Am J Rhinol. 2009 Mar\u2013Apr; 23(2):238]","journal-title":"Am J Rhinol"},{"issue":"1","key":"5183_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1097\/SCS.0000000000003217","volume":"28","author":"I Tamada","year":"2017","unstructured":"Tamada I, Mori T, Inoue N, Shido H, Aoki M, Nakamura Y, Kamogawa R (2017) An algorithmic approach using ultrasonography in the diagnosis of pediatric nasal bone fracture. J Craniofac Surg 28(1):84\u201387","journal-title":"J Craniofac Surg"}],"container-title":["European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00405-018-5183-1\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00405-018-5183-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00405-018-5183-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,30]],"date-time":"2019-10-30T20:14:05Z","timestamp":1572466445000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00405-018-5183-1"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,31]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,1]]}},"alternative-id":["5183"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00405-018-5183-1","relation":{},"ISSN":["0937-4477","1434-4726"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0937-4477","type":"print"},{"value":"1434-4726","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,31]]},"assertion":[{"value":"24 September 2018","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"22 October 2018","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"31 October 2018","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Compliance with ethical standards"}},{"value":"The authors declare no conflict of interest.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"All procedures performed in this study involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional, regional and national research committee and with the 1964 Declaration of Helsinki and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Research involving human and\/or animal participants"}},{"value":"For this type of study, formal consent is not required.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Informed consent"}}]}}