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Torticollis and fever were present in all patients. The mean length of hospital stay was 7.5\u00a0days. There were no complications associated.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>DNIs can be treated in a conservative way, reserving the surgical drainage for cases with a complication associated (airway compromise, lack of response to antibiotic therapy, immunocompromised patients). Treatment with intravenous antibiotics and corticosteroids is a safe option, reducing the duration of symptoms and the length of hospital stay.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405-022-07423-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,29]],"date-time":"2022-06-29T09:04:32Z","timestamp":1656493472000},"page":"5331-5338","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Role of steroids in conservative treatment of parapharyngeal and retropharyngeal abscess in children"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"279","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3664-2729","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eva","family":"Villanueva-Fern\u00e1ndez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R.","family":"Casanueva-Muru\u00e1is","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Vivanco-Allende","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J. 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