{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T12:41:52Z","timestamp":1790772112916,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,30]],"date-time":"2022-07-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1659139200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,30]],"date-time":"2022-07-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1659139200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100011104","name":"Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100011104","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The study assesses whether pre- and intraoperative factors linked to electromyography and direct electrical stimulation (DES) of facial nerve can predict facial nerve function in the short- (12\u00a0days) and long-term (1\u00a0year) after cerebellopontine angle (CPA) tumor resection.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>157 patients who underwent surgical resection of CPA tumors with facial nerve monitoring. Pre-operative factors (age, tumor size, pure tone average), surgical time and intra-operative parameters regarding facial function, minimum stimulation threshold (MST), compound muscle action potential (CMAP) and the difference between proximal and distal CMAP (DPDC) were evaluated.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>A correlation between tumor size, MST, CMAP and facial function in both short and long term was found. A higher grade of immediate facial paralysis corresponded to a higher risk of poor outcome after one year. A postoperative House\u2013Brackmann (HB) score of V or VI was correlated with poor outcome in 88.8% and 93.8% of cases. A risk of HB 3 or more, in the long term, was correlated with a tumor size of 20.2\u00a0mm. Using an MST of 0.1\u00a0mA, for long-term predictions, sensitivity and specificity were 0.62 (95% CI 0.46\u20130.75) and 0.73 (95% CI 0.61\u20130.82), respectively. With a CMAP cut-off\u2009&lt;\u2009200\u00a0\u00b5V, for long-term prediction, sensitivity was 0.73 (95% CI 0.53\u20130.87) and specificity 0.73 (95% CI 0.55\u20130.85).<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The assessment based on the cut-offs described increases the ability to predict facial function. Improving predictive accuracy enables surgeons to address patients\u2019 expectations and to establish an intervention timeline for planning facial reanimation.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405-022-07556-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,30]],"date-time":"2022-07-30T07:02:45Z","timestamp":1659164565000},"page":"1055-1062","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Pre- and intra-operative prognostic factors of facial nerve function in cerebellopontine angle surgery"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"280","author":[{"given":"Francesco","family":"Gazia","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"\u00c0ngela","family":"Callejo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marta","family":"P\u00e9rez-Grau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susana","family":"Lareo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9","family":"Prades","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesc","family":"Roca-Ribas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0587-7891","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emilio","family":"Amilibia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,30]]},"reference":[{"issue":"6","key":"7556_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e271","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2011.09.026","volume":"80","author":"MA Acioly","year":"2013","unstructured":"Acioly MA, Liebsch M, de Aguiar PH, Tatagiba M (2013) Facial nerve monitoring during cerebellopontine angle and skull base tumor surgery: a systematic review from description to current success on function prediction. World Neurosurg 80(6):e271-300","journal-title":"World Neurosurg"},{"issue":"2","key":"7556_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E44","DOI":"10.1093\/neuros\/nyx513","volume":"82","author":"EX Vivas","year":"2018","unstructured":"Vivas EX, Carlson ML, Neff BA et al (2018) Congress of neurological surgeons systematic review and evidence-based guidelines on intraoperative cranial nerve monitoring in vestibular schwannoma surgery. Neurosurgery 82(2):E44\u2013E46","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"issue":"5","key":"7556_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"418","DOI":"10.1227\/00006123-197905000-00007","volume":"4","author":"TE Delgado","year":"1979","unstructured":"Delgado TE, Bucheit WA, Rosenholtz HR, Chrissian S (1979) Intraoperative monitoring of facial muscle evoked responses obtained by intracranial stimulation of the facial nerve: a more accurate technique for facial nerve dissection. Neurosurgery 4(5):418\u2013421","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"issue":"6","key":"7556_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"666","DOI":"10.3109\/02688697.2010.520761","volume":"24","author":"ME Sughrue","year":"2010","unstructured":"Sughrue ME, Yang I, Rutkowski MJ, Aranda D, Parsa AT (2010) Preservation of facial nerve function after resection of vestibular schwannoma. Br J Neurosurg 24(6):666\u2013671","journal-title":"Br J Neurosurg"},{"issue":"4","key":"7556_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"860","DOI":"10.3171\/2009.7.JNS0989","volume":"112","author":"M Samii","year":"2010","unstructured":"Samii M, Gerganov VM, Samii A (2010) Functional outcome after complete surgical removal of giant vestibular schwannomas. J Neurosurg 112(4):860\u2013867","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"issue":"5\u20136","key":"7556_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"731","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2011.08.019","volume":"77","author":"J Silva","year":"2012","unstructured":"Silva J, Cerejo A, Duarte F, Silveira F, Vaz R (2012) Surgical removal of giant acoustic neuromas. World Neurosurg. 77(5\u20136):731\u2013735","journal-title":"World Neurosurg."},{"issue":"4\u20135","key":"7556_CR7","first-page":"E1","volume":"97","author":"F Arslan","year":"2018","unstructured":"Arslan F, G\u00f6kg\u00f6z MC, Binar M, Aydemir E, Durmaz A (2018) Anxiety, depression, and hopelessness in patients before and after treatment for peripheral facial paralysis. Ear Nose Throat J 97(4\u20135):E1\u2013E4","journal-title":"Ear Nose Throat J"},{"issue":"2","key":"7556_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.1097\/SAP.0000000000001908","volume":"83","author":"R Saadi","year":"2019","unstructured":"Saadi R, Shokri T, Schaefer E, Hollenbeak C, Lighthall JG (2019) Depression rates after facial paralysis. Ann Plast Surg 83(2):190\u2013194","journal-title":"Ann Plast Surg"},{"issue":"10","key":"7556_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2533","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.24083","volume":"123","author":"C Arnoldner","year":"2013","unstructured":"Arnoldner C, Mick P, Pirouzmand F et al (2013) Facial nerve prognostication in vestibular schwannoma surgery: the concept of percent maximum and its predictability. Laryngoscope 123(10):2533\u20132538","journal-title":"Laryngoscope"},{"issue":"1","key":"7556_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1080\/01616412.1999.11740885","volume":"21","author":"HP Schlake","year":"1999","unstructured":"Schlake HP, Goldbrunner R, Milewski C et al (1999) Technical developments in intra-operative monitoring for the preservation of cranial motor nerves and hearing in skull base surgery. Neurol Res 21(1):11\u201324","journal-title":"Neurol Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"7556_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E6","DOI":"10.3171\/2012.6.FOCUS12194","volume":"33","author":"T Oh","year":"2012","unstructured":"Oh T, Nagasawa DT, Fong BM et al (2012) Intraoperative neuromonitoring techniques in the surgical management of acoustic neuromas. Neurosurg Focus 33(3):E6","journal-title":"Neurosurg Focus"},{"issue":"2","key":"7556_CR12","first-page":"249","volume":"18","author":"AJ Nissen","year":"1997","unstructured":"Nissen AJ, Sikand A, Curto FS, Welsh JE, Gardi J (1997) Value of intraoperative threshold stimulus in predicting postoperative facial nerve function after acoustic tumor resection. Am J Otol 18(2):249\u2013251","journal-title":"Am J Otol"},{"issue":"11","key":"7556_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1991","DOI":"10.1007\/s00701-015-2571-9","volume":"157","author":"S Duarte-Costa","year":"2015","unstructured":"Duarte-Costa S, Vaz R, Pinto D, Silveira F, Cerejo A (2015) Predictive value of intraoperative neurophysiologic monitoring in assessing long-term facial function in grade IV vestibular schwannoma removal. Acta Neurochir (Wien) 157(11):1991\u20131997 (discussion 1998)","journal-title":"Acta Neurochir (Wien)"},{"issue":"1","key":"7556_CR14","first-page":"112","volume":"19","author":"AH Mandpe","year":"1998","unstructured":"Mandpe AH, Mikulec A, Jackler RK, Pitts LH, Yingling CD (1998) Comparison of response amplitude versus stimulation threshold in predicting early postoperative facial nerve function after acoustic neuroma resection. Am J Otol 19(1):112\u2013117","journal-title":"Am J Otol"},{"key":"7556_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tos M, Thomsen J (2003) Proposal for reporting size of vestibular schwannoma. In: Kanzaki J, Tos M, Sanna M, Moffat DA, Kunihiro T, Inoue Y (eds) Acoustic Neuroma. Consensus on Systems for Reporting Results Series. Keio University International Symposia for Life Sciencies and Medicine, 10. Springer, Tokyo, pp 3\u20137","DOI":"10.1007\/978-4-431-53942-1_1"},{"issue":"2","key":"7556_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1177\/019459988509300202","volume":"93","author":"JW House","year":"1985","unstructured":"House JW, Brackmann DE (1985) Facial nerve grading system. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 93(2):146\u2013147","journal-title":"Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg"},{"issue":"2","key":"7556_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1227\/NEU.0000000000001015","volume":"78","author":"LP Carlstrom","year":"2016","unstructured":"Carlstrom LP, Copeland WR 3rd, Neff BA, Castner ML, Driscoll CL, Link MJ (2016) Incidence and risk factors of delayed facial palsy after vestibular schwannoma resection. Neurosurgery 78(2):251\u2013255","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"key":"7556_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1177\/019459989310800303","volume":"108","author":"M Arriaga","year":"1993","unstructured":"Arriaga M, Luxford W, Atkins J, Kwartler J (1993) Predicting long-term facial nerve outcome after acoustic neuroma surgery. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 108:220\u2013224","journal-title":"Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg"},{"key":"7556_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"812","DOI":"10.1097\/00129492-200309000-00020","volume":"24","author":"B Isaacson","year":"2003","unstructured":"Isaacson B, Kileny PR, El-Kashlan H (2003) Intraoperative monitoring and facial nerve outcomes after vestibular schwannoma resection. Otol Neurotol 24:812\u2013817","journal-title":"Otol Neurotol"},{"key":"7556_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"922","DOI":"10.1097\/00005537-199906000-00015","volume":"109","author":"P Axon","year":"1999","unstructured":"Axon P, Ramsden R (1999) Intraoperative electromyography for predicting facial function in vestibular schwannoma surgery. Laryngoscope 109:922\u2013926","journal-title":"Laryngoscope"},{"key":"7556_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2016.01.038","volume":"89","author":"S Lee","year":"2016","unstructured":"Lee S, Seol HJ, Park K et al (2016) Functional outcome of the facial nerve after surgery for vestibular schwannoma: prediction of acceptable long-term facial nerve function based on immediate postoperative facial palsy. World Neurosurg 89:215\u2013222","journal-title":"World Neurosurg"},{"key":"7556_CR22","unstructured":"Zini C, Magnan J, Piazza F, Chays A, Passanisi E, Girard N (2020) New radiosurgical classification of acoustic neuromas. Roma: Monduzzi Ed., pp. 117\u2013120"},{"issue":"1","key":"7556_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0032-1304559","volume":"73","author":"V Rinaldi","year":"2012","unstructured":"Rinaldi V, Casale M, Bressi F, Potena M, Vesperini E, De Franco A et al (2012) Facial nerve outcome after vestibular schwannoma surgery: our experience. J Neurol Surg B Skull Base 73(1):21\u201327","journal-title":"J Neurol Surg B Skull Base"},{"issue":"5","key":"7556_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"773","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otohns.2006.10.009","volume":"136","author":"DE Brackmann","year":"2007","unstructured":"Brackmann DE, Cullen RD, Fisher LM (2007) Facial nerve function after translabyrinthine vestibular schwannoma surgery. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 136(5):773\u2013777","journal-title":"Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg"},{"issue":"4","key":"7556_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"681","DOI":"10.1097\/00005537-200404000-00016","volume":"114","author":"V Darrouzet","year":"2004","unstructured":"Darrouzet V, Martel J, En\u00e9e V, B\u00e9b\u00e9ar JP, Gu\u00e9rin J (2004) Vestibular schwannoma surgery outcomes: our multidisciplinary experience in 400 cases over 17 years. Laryngoscope 114(4):681\u2013688","journal-title":"Laryngoscope"},{"issue":"4","key":"7556_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1080\/00016480410025216","volume":"125","author":"S Zaouche","year":"2005","unstructured":"Zaouche S, Ionescu E, Dubreuil C, Ferber-Viart C (2005) Pre- and intraoperative predictive factors of facial palsy in vestibular schwannoma surgery. Acta Otolaryngol 125(4):363\u2013369","journal-title":"Acta Otolaryngol"},{"issue":"2","key":"7556_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1007\/s11060-018-2806-8","volume":"138","author":"X Huang","year":"2018","unstructured":"Huang X, Ren J, Xu J et al (2018) The utility of \u201clow current\u201d stimulation threshold of intraoperative electromyography monitoring in predicting facial nerve function outcome after vestibular schwannoma surgery: a prospective cohort study of 103 large tumors. J Neurooncol 138(2):383\u2013390","journal-title":"J Neurooncol"},{"issue":"1","key":"7556_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.3171\/2012.10.JNS12915","volume":"118","author":"WR Schmitt","year":"2013","unstructured":"Schmitt WR, Daube JR, Carlson ML et al (2013) Use of supramaximal stimulation to predict facial nerve outcomes following vestibular schwannoma microsurgery: results from a decade of experience. J Neurosurg 118(1):206\u2013212","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"issue":"4","key":"7556_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1097\/MAO.0000000000003007","volume":"42","author":"AE Quimby","year":"2021","unstructured":"Quimby AE, Lui J, Chen J (2021) Predictive ability of direct electrical stimulation on facial nerve function following vestibular schwannoma surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Otol Neurotol 42(4):493\u2013504","journal-title":"Otol Neurotol"},{"key":"7556_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1016\/S0196-0709(98)90103-X","volume":"19","author":"G Magliulo","year":"1998","unstructured":"Magliulo G, Zardo F (1998) Facial nerve function after cerebellopontine angle surgery and prognostic value of intraoperative facial nerve monitoring: a critical evaluation. Am J Otolaryngol 19:102\u2013106","journal-title":"Am J Otolaryngol"},{"issue":"4","key":"7556_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"728","DOI":"10.1097\/01.mao.0000178137.81729.35","volume":"26","author":"BA Neff","year":"2005","unstructured":"Neff BA, Ting J, Dickinson SL, Welling DB (2005) Facial nerve monitoring parameters as a predictor of postoperative facial nerve outcomes after vestibular schwannoma resection. Otol Neurotol 26(4):728\u2013732","journal-title":"Otol Neurotol"},{"issue":"4","key":"7556_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2008-1060589","volume":"3","author":"C Berges","year":"1993","unstructured":"Berges C, Fraysse B, Yardeni E, Rugiu G (1993) Intraoperative facial nerve monitoring in posterior fossa surgery: prognostic value. Skull Base Surg 3(4):214\u2013216","journal-title":"Skull Base Surg"},{"key":"7556_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"994","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1995.83.6.0994","volume":"83","author":"JM Taha","year":"1995","unstructured":"Taha JM, Tew JM, Keith RW (1995) Proximal-to-distal facial amplitude ratios as predictors of facial nerve function after acoustic neuroma excision. J Neurosurg 83:994\u2013998","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"issue":"3","key":"7556_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1007\/s007010050090","volume":"140","author":"SB Sobottka","year":"1998","unstructured":"Sobottka SB, Schackert G, May SA, Wiegleb M, Reiss G (1998) Intraoperative facial nerve monitoring (IFNM) predicts facial nerve outcome after resection of vestibular schwannoma. Acta Neurochir (Wien) 140(3):235\u2013242 (discussion 242-3)","journal-title":"Acta Neurochir (Wien)"},{"issue":"1","key":"7556_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.3171\/2014.8.JNS132525","volume":"122","author":"H Nakatomi","year":"2015","unstructured":"Nakatomi H, Miyazaki H, Tanaka M et al (2015) Improved preservation of function during acoustic neuroma surgery. J Neurosurg 122(1):24\u201333","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"issue":"2","key":"7556_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otc.2011.12.003","volume":"45","author":"RS Hong","year":"2012","unstructured":"Hong RS, Kartush JM (2012) Acoustic neuroma neurophysiologic correlates: facial and recurrent laryngeal nerves before, during, and after surgery. Otolaryngol Clin N Am 45(2):291\u2013306 (vii-viii)","journal-title":"Otolaryngol Clin N Am"},{"issue":"4","key":"7556_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otorri.2014.08.002","volume":"66","author":"J Vega-C\u00e9liz","year":"2015","unstructured":"Vega-C\u00e9liz J, Amilibia-Cabeza E, Prades-Mart\u00ed J et al (2015) Nuestra experiencia con la monitorizacion del nervio facial en cirugia del schwannoma del vestibular bajo bloqueo neuromuscular parcial. Acta Otorrinolaringol Esp 66(4):192\u2013198","journal-title":"Acta Otorrinolaringol Esp"},{"key":"7556_CR38","first-page":"625","volume":"17","author":"GJ Gianoli","year":"1996","unstructured":"Gianoli GJ, Kartush JM (1996) Delayed facial palsy after acoustic neuroma resection: the role of viral reactiviation. Am J Otol 17:625\u2013629","journal-title":"Am J Otol"},{"key":"7556_CR39","first-page":"630","volume":"17","author":"CA Megerian","year":"1996","unstructured":"Megerian CA, McKenna MJ, Ojemann RG (1996) Delayed facial paralysis after acoustic neuroma surgery: factors influencing recovery. Am J Otol 17:630\u2013633","journal-title":"Am J Otol"},{"issue":"3","key":"7556_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0038-1669941","volume":"80","author":"RJ Yawn","year":"2019","unstructured":"Yawn RJ, Dedmon MM, Xie D et al (2019) Delayed facial nerve paralysis after vestibular schwannoma resection. J Neurol Surg B Skull Base 80(3):283\u2013286","journal-title":"J Neurol Surg B Skull Base"}],"container-title":["European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00405-022-07556-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00405-022-07556-8\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00405-022-07556-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,6]],"date-time":"2023-02-06T03:08:30Z","timestamp":1675652910000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00405-022-07556-8"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,30]]},"references-count":40,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,3]]}},"alternative-id":["7556"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00405-022-07556-8","relation":{},"ISSN":["0937-4477","1434-4726"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0937-4477","type":"print"},{"value":"1434-4726","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,30]]},"assertion":[{"value":"24 April 2022","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"12 July 2022","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"30 July 2022","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no conflict of interest.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}]}}