{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,5]],"date-time":"2026-11-05T21:45:14Z","timestamp":1793915114979,"version":"4.8.0"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,6]],"date-time":"2023-03-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1678060800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,6]],"date-time":"2023-03-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1678060800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Roma La Sapienza"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Pleomorphic adenoma (mixed tumor) is the most common neoplasm of the parotid gland and one of the most frequent types of salivary gland tumor, generally with benign behavior and relatively slow growing. The adenomas could arise from the superficial, deep or from both superficial and deep parotid\u2019s lobes.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The aim of this review is to retrospectively analyze the surgical management of patients with pleomorphic adenoma of the parotid gland performed at the Department of Otorhinolaryngology (Department of Sense Organs of \u201cAzienda Policlinico Umberto I\u201d in Rome), from 2010 to 2020, with a focus on the percentage of recurrence and on the complication related to surgery to suggest an optimal diagnostic and therapeutic algorithm for patients with recurrent pleomorphic adenoma. The analysis of the complications observed in case of different surgical approaches was performed using the <jats:italic>X<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> test.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The choice of a surgical approach (superficial parotidectomy\u2014SP, total parotidectomy\u2014TP, extracapsular dissection\u2014ECD) depends on several elements, such as the location and the size of the adenoma, the availability of existing technical facilities and the professional experience of the surgeon. A transient facial palsy was present in 37.6%, 2.7% reported a permanent facial nerve palsy, 1.6% developed a salivary fistula, 1.6% a post-operative bleeding and 2.3% showed Frey Syndrome.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The surgical management of this benign lesion is required, even in asymptomatic cases, to prevent the progressive growing and to reduce the risk of malignant transformation. The goal of surgical excision is to obtain the complete resection to minimize the risk of tumor recurrence and avoiding facial nerve disability. Therefore, an accurate preoperative study of the lesion and the choice of the most appropriate surgical treatment are essential to minimize the rate of recurrence.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405-023-07897-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,6]],"date-time":"2023-03-06T03:02:53Z","timestamp":1678071773000},"page":"3329-3335","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Clinico-histopathological review of 255 patients who underwent parotidectomy for pleomorphic adenoma: a 10-year retrospective study\u2014a proposal for an optimal diagnostic and therapeutic algorithm for patients with recurrent pleomorphic adenoma"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"280","author":[{"given":"Federica","family":"Zoccali","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8776-1018","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fabrizio","family":"Cialente","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Colizza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Massimo","family":"Ralli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonio","family":"Greco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marco","family":"de Vincentiis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,6]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"7897_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.4103\/ams.ams_179_18","volume":"9","author":"S Venkatesh","year":"2019","unstructured":"Venkatesh S, Srinivas T, Hariprasad S (2019) Parotid gland tumors: 2-year prospective clinicopathological study. Ann Maxillofac Surg. 9(1):103\u2013109. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/ams.ams_179_18. (PMID: 31293936; PMCID: PMC6585209)","journal-title":"Ann Maxillofac Surg."},{"issue":"4","key":"7897_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjoms.2018.01.021","volume":"56","author":"A Kanatas","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kanatas A, Ho MWS, M\u00fccke T (2018) Current thinking about the management of recurrent pleomorphic adenoma of the parotid: a structured review. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 56(4):243\u2013248. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bjoms.2018.01.021. (Epub 2018 Mar 8; PMID: 29526342)","journal-title":"Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"issue":"8","key":"7897_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3231","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405-017-4636-2","volume":"274","author":"A Rzepakowska","year":"2017","unstructured":"Rzepakowska A, Osuch-W\u00f3jcikiewicz E, Sobol M, Cruz R, Sielska-Badurek E, Niemczyk K (2017) The differential diagnosis of parotid gland tumors with high-resolution ultrasound in otolaryngological practice. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 274(8):3231\u20133240. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00405-017-4636-2. (Epub 2017 Jun 13. PMID: 28612315; PMCID: PMC5500678)","journal-title":"Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol"},{"issue":"9","key":"7897_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2092","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joms.2009.09.075","volume":"68","author":"O Emodi","year":"2010","unstructured":"Emodi O, El-Naaj IA, Gordin A, Akrish S, Peled M (2010) Superficial parotidectomy versus retrograde partial superficial parotidectomy in treating benign salivary gland tumor (pleomorphic adenoma). J Oral Maxillofac Surg 68(9):2092\u20132098. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.joms.2009.09.075. (Epub 2010 Jun 17; PMID: 20728030)","journal-title":"J Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"issue":"6","key":"7897_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"663","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2014.02.026","volume":"117","author":"E Foresta","year":"2014","unstructured":"Foresta E, Torroni A, Di Nardo F, de Waure C, Poscia A, Gasparini G, Marianetti TM, Pelo S (2014) Pleomorphic adenoma and benign parotid tumors: extracapsular dissection vs superficial parotidectomy\u2013review of literature and meta-analysis. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 117(6):663\u2013676. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.oooo.2014.02.026. (Epub 2014 Mar 12; PMID: 24767698)","journal-title":"Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol"},{"key":"7897_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40477-020-00469-4","author":"A Rubini","year":"2020","unstructured":"Rubini A, Guiban O, Cantisani V, D\u2019Ambrosio F (2020) Multiparametric ultrasound evaluation of parotid gland tumors: B-mode and color Doppler in comparison and in combination with contrast-enhanced ultrasound and elastography. A case report of a misleading diagnosis. J Ultrasound. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40477-020-00469-4. (Epub ahead of print. PMID: 32378165)","journal-title":"J Ultrasound"},{"issue":"2","key":"7897_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"410","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joms.2012.05.003","volume":"71","author":"G Dell'AversanaOrabona","year":"2013","unstructured":"Dell\u2019AversanaOrabona G, Bonavolont\u00e0 P, Iaconetta G, Forte R, Califano L (2013) Surgical management of benign tumors of the parotid gland: extracapsular dissection versus superficial parotidectomy\u2014our experience in 232 cases. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 71(2):410\u2013413. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.joms.2012.05.003. (Epub 2012 Aug 9. PMID: 22884114)","journal-title":"J Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"issue":"3","key":"7897_CR8","first-page":"119","volume":"81","author":"RL Witt","year":"2009","unstructured":"Witt RL, Rejto L (2009) Pleomorphic adenoma: extracapsular dissection versus partial superficial parotidectomy with facial nerve dissection. Del Med J 81(3):119\u2013125 (PMID: 19507761)","journal-title":"Del Med J"},{"issue":"2","key":"7897_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijom.2019.03.963","volume":"49","author":"TM Croonenborghs","year":"2020","unstructured":"Croonenborghs TM, Van Hevele J, Scheerlinck J, Nout E, Schoenaers J, Politis C (2020) A multicentre retrospective clinico-histopathological review of 250 patients after parotidectomy. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 49(2):149\u2013156. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijom.2019.03.963. (Epub 2019 Jul 31 PMID: 31375455)","journal-title":"Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"7897_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.23613","volume":"123","author":"G Tryggvason","year":"2013","unstructured":"Tryggvason G, Gailey MP, Hulstein SL, Karnell LH, Hoffman HT, Funk GF, Jensen CS, Van Daele DJ (2013) Accuracy of fine-needle aspiration and imaging in the preoperative workup of salivary gland mass lesions treated surgically. Laryngoscope 123(1):158\u2013163. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/lary.23613. (Epub 2012 Sep 18; PMID: 22991236)","journal-title":"Laryngoscope"},{"issue":"1","key":"7897_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1102\/1470-7330.2007.0008","volume":"7","author":"HC Thoeny","year":"2007","unstructured":"Thoeny HC (2007) Imaging of salivary gland tumours. Cancer Imaging 7(1):52\u201362. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1102\/1470-7330.2007.0008. (PMID: 17485257; PMCID: PMC1866314)","journal-title":"Cancer Imaging"},{"issue":"4","key":"7897_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.3342\/ceo.2009.2.4.193","volume":"2","author":"MW Suh","year":"2009","unstructured":"Suh MW, Hah JH, Kwon SK, Jung YH, Kwon TK, Kim KH, Sung MW (2009) Clinical manifestations of recurrent parotid pleomorphic adenoma. Clin Exp Otorhinolaryngol. 2(4):193\u2013197. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3342\/ceo.2009.2.4.193. (Epub 2009 Dec 31. PMID: 20072694; PMCID: PMC2804095)","journal-title":"Clin Exp Otorhinolaryngol."},{"issue":"11","key":"7897_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"946","DOI":"10.1002\/hed.10312","volume":"25","author":"CJ O'Brien","year":"2003","unstructured":"O\u2019Brien CJ (2003) Current management of benign parotid tumors\u2013the role of limited superficial parotidectomy. Head Neck 25(11):946\u2013952. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/hed.10312. (PMID: 14603455)","journal-title":"Head Neck"},{"issue":"4","key":"7897_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405-007-0502-y","volume":"265","author":"LO Redaelli-de-Zinis","year":"2008","unstructured":"Redaelli-de-Zinis LO, Piccioni M, Antonelli AR, Nicolai P (2008) Management and prognostic factors of recurrent pleomorphic adenoma of the parotid gland: personal experience and review of the literature. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 265(4):447\u2013452. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00405-007-0502-y. (Epub 2007 Oct 25. PMID: 17960409; PMCID: PMC2254466)","journal-title":"Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol"},{"key":"7897_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.3109\/00016489309126192","volume":"500","author":"T Yamashita","year":"1993","unstructured":"Yamashita T, Tomoda K, Kumazawa T (1993) The usefulness of partial parotidectomy for benign parotid gland tumors. A retrospective study of 306 cases. Acta Otolaryngol Suppl 500:113\u2013116. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3109\/00016489309126192. (PMID: 8452007)","journal-title":"Acta Otolaryngol Suppl"},{"issue":"2","key":"7897_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joms.2017.07.171","volume":"76","author":"CA Espinosa","year":"2018","unstructured":"Espinosa CA, Fern\u00e1ndez-Valle \u00c1, Lequerica-Fern\u00e1ndez P, de Villala\u00edn L, de Vicente JC (2018) Clinicopathologic and surgical study of pleomorphic adenoma of the parotid gland: analysis of risk factors for recurrence and facial nerve dysfunction. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 76(2):347\u2013354. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.joms.2017.07.171. (Epub 2017 Aug 3; PMID: 28863883)","journal-title":"J Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"issue":"4","key":"7897_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1031","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2006.06.036","volume":"66","author":"AM Chen","year":"2006","unstructured":"Chen AM, Garcia J, Bucci MK, Quivey JM, Eisele DW (2006) Recurrent pleomorphic adenoma of the parotid gland: long-term outcome of patients treated with radiation therapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 66(4):1031\u20131035. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2006.06.036. (PMID: 17145531)","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys"},{"issue":"7","key":"7897_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"834","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijom.2015.02.010","volume":"44","author":"M Lafont","year":"2015","unstructured":"Lafont M, Whyte A, Whyte J, Saura E, Tejedor MT (2015) Frey syndrome: factors influencing the time to event. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 44(7):834\u2013839. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijom.2015.02.010. (Epub 2015 Feb 28; PMID: 25735534)","journal-title":"Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"issue":"6","key":"7897_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1519","DOI":"10.1097\/01.prs.0000282036.04717.1d","volume":"120","author":"A Wille-Bischofberger","year":"2007","unstructured":"Wille-Bischofberger A, Rajan GP, Linder TE, Schmid S (2007) Impact of the SMAS on Frey\u2019s syndrome after parotid surgery: a prospective, long-term study. Plast Reconstr Surg 120(6):1519\u20131523. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/01.prs.0000282036.04717.1d. (PMID: 18040182)","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"7897_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S44","DOI":"10.1017\/S0022215113001394","volume":"128","author":"LS Chan","year":"2014","unstructured":"Chan LS, Barakate MS, Havas TE (2014) Free fat grafting in superficial parotid surgery to prevent Frey\u2019s syndrome and improve aesthetic outcome. J Laryngol Otol 128(Suppl 1):S44\u2013S49. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/S0022215113001394. (Epub 2013 Jul 9; PMID: 23835255)","journal-title":"J Laryngol Otol"},{"issue":"8","key":"7897_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"624","DOI":"10.1002\/hed.10262","volume":"25","author":"A Eckardt","year":"2003","unstructured":"Eckardt A, Kuettner C (2003) Treatment of gustatory sweating (Frey\u2019s syndrome) with botulinum toxin A. Head Neck 25(8):624\u2013628. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/hed.10262. (PMID: 12884344)","journal-title":"Head Neck"},{"key":"7897_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"564053","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/564053","volume":"2014","author":"MG Cristofaro","year":"2014","unstructured":"Cristofaro MG, Allegra E, Giudice A, Colangeli W, Caruso D, Barca I, Giudice M (2014) Pleomorphic adenoma of the parotid: extracapsular dissection compared with superficial parotidectomy-a 10-year retrospective cohort study. ScientificWorldJournal 2014:564053. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2014\/564053. (Epub 2014 Oct 21. PMID: 25401147; PMCID: PMC4221864)","journal-title":"ScientificWorldJournal"}],"container-title":["European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00405-023-07897-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00405-023-07897-y\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00405-023-07897-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,26]],"date-time":"2023-05-26T11:10:04Z","timestamp":1685099404000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00405-023-07897-y"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,6]]},"references-count":22,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,7]]}},"alternative-id":["7897"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00405-023-07897-y","relation":{},"ISSN":["0937-4477","1434-4726"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0937-4477","type":"print"},{"value":"1434-4726","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"1 November 2022","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"20 February 2023","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"6 March 2023","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and\/or publication of this article.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"All the investigations detailed in the manuscript have been conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics statement"}}]}}