{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,21]],"date-time":"2026-04-21T14:43:10Z","timestamp":1776782590252,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":9,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,17]],"date-time":"2023-05-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1684281600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,17]],"date-time":"2023-05-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1684281600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>It is unusual to have communication from the external auditory canal (EAC) directly to the mastoid, totally sparing the tympanum. These patients need a different surgical approach, a modified canal wall-down procedure, to completely clear the disease but fully preserve the tympanum. We present one such exceptional case.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Case presentation<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>A 28-year-old lady presented with ear discharge for 1 year. Imaging confirmed the canal-mastoid fistula, but the entire tympanum was normal. We performed a modified-modified radical mastoidectomy.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Canal-mastoid fistula is an infrequent entity and may be idiopathic. Despite being evident on clinical examination, imaging aids in assessing size and location of the defect. Although EAC reconstruction may be attempted, the majority require a canal wall-down procedure.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405-023-08021-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,17]],"date-time":"2023-05-17T04:01:43Z","timestamp":1684296103000},"page":"3897-3900","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Modified\u2014modified radical mastoidectomy"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"280","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6282-0029","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Deviprasad","family":"Dosemane","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2006-8913","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Meera Niranjan","family":"Khadilkar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Navya","family":"Parvathareddy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"8021_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"977","DOI":"10.1201\/9780203731017-83","volume-title":"Scott Brown\u2019s otorhinolaryngology head & neck surgery","author":"GG Browning","year":"2018","unstructured":"Browning GG, Weir J, Kelly G, Swan IRC (2018) Chronic otitis media. In: Watkinson JC, Clarke RW (eds) Scott Brown\u2019s otorhinolaryngology head & neck surgery, 8th edn. Chapman and Hall\/CRC, Boca Raton FL, pp 977\u20131020","edition":"8"},{"key":"8021_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"326","DOI":"10.1177\/0194599814559384","volume":"152","author":"SY Park","year":"2015","unstructured":"Park SY, Jung YH, Oh JH (2015) Clinical characteristics of keratosis obturans and external auditory canal cholesteatoma. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 152:326\u2013330. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0194599814559384","journal-title":"Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg"},{"key":"8021_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1097\/MAO.0b013e318277a5c8","volume":"34","author":"A Shinnabe","year":"2012","unstructured":"Shinnabe A, Hara M, Hasegawa M et al (2012) A comparison of patterns of disease extension in keratosis obturans and external auditory canal cholesteatoma. 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Otol Neurotol 35:e31\u2013e35. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/MAO.0000000000000182","journal-title":"Otol Neurotol"},{"key":"8021_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"P211","DOI":"10.1177\/0194599812451426a274","volume":"147","author":"AD Agan","year":"2012","unstructured":"Agan AD, Isaacson B, Kutz JW (2012) Lateral external auditory canal to mastoid fistulas. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 147:P211\u2013P212. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0194599812451426a274","journal-title":"Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg"},{"key":"8021_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e213","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0041-1726047","volume":"26","author":"K Dongol","year":"2021","unstructured":"Dongol K, Shadiyah H, Gyawali BR et al (2021) External auditory canal cholesteatoma: clinical and radiological features. Int Arch Otorhinolaryngol 26:e213\u2013e218. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1055\/s-0041-1726047","journal-title":"Int Arch Otorhinolaryngol"},{"key":"8021_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Indorewala S, Parelkar K, Indorewala A, et al (2022) Focal meato-mastoid fistula closure using bony sigmoid sinus plate. J Laryngol Otol. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/S0022215121004473","DOI":"10.1017\/S0022215121004473"},{"key":"8021_CR9","first-page":"515","volume-title":"Glasscock\u2013Shambaugh surgery of the ear","author":"JF Kveton","year":"2010","unstructured":"Kveton JF (2010) Open cavity mastoid operations. In: Gulya AJ, Minor LB, Poe DS (eds) Glasscock\u2013Shambaugh surgery of the ear, 6th edn. People\u2019s Medical Publishing House, Shelton, pp 515\u2013527","edition":"6"}],"container-title":["European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00405-023-08021-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00405-023-08021-w\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00405-023-08021-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,30]],"date-time":"2023-06-30T17:07:11Z","timestamp":1688144831000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00405-023-08021-w"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,17]]},"references-count":9,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,8]]}},"alternative-id":["8021"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00405-023-08021-w","relation":{},"ISSN":["0937-4477","1434-4726"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0937-4477","type":"print"},{"value":"1434-4726","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,17]]},"assertion":[{"value":"3 December 2022","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"8 May 2023","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"17 May 2023","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"The report was approved by Institutional Ethics Committee, KMC Mangalore (IEC KMC MLR 10\/2022\/439) and complied with the ethical standards as laid down in the 1964 Declaration of Helsinki and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.\u00a0No animals were involved.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Research involving human participants and\/or animals"}},{"value":"Written informed consent was obtained.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Informed consent"}}]}}