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Pure-tone audiometry, speech recognition in a quiet environment and in a noisy environment were performed preoperatively, during the first fitting of the audio processor, after 1\u20133\u00a0years, after 3\u20135\u00a0years, and after 5\u00a0years (if possible). The follow-up period ranged from 11 to 157\u00a0months with a mean of 58.6\u00a0months (4.8\u00a0years). Furthermore, the benefit of the VSB was evaluated by self-assessment questionnaires (Speech, Spatial, and Qualities of Hearing Scale, respectively, for parents).<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Significant improvements were observed in hearing and speech comprehension immediately after the initial fitting of the VSB system (mean hearing gain 38.4\u2009\u00b1\u20099.4\u00a0dB HL) and at follow-up intervals (1\u20133, 3\u20135 and after 5\u00a0years) for children and adults (<jats:italic>p\u2009&lt;\u2009<\/jats:italic>0.01). The values remained stable over the long-term, indicating a sustained functional gain from the VSB (mean hearing gain 38.9\u2009\u00b1\u20099.2\u00a0dB HL). The results of the self-assessments affirm the positive influence on hearing and speech comprehension with the VSB. With the VSB, there was an improvement of 41.3\u2009\u00b1\u200913.7% in the Freiburg monosyllable test.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>These results (a stable hearing gain over the long term, a good tolerance of the implant and an improvement in quality of life) affirm the recommendation for using the active middle ear implant VSB as early as permitted for aural atresia and aplasia patients. This study represents the audiometric results with the (to date) largest collective of aural atresia patients and with a long follow-up period.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405-023-08100-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,21]],"date-time":"2023-08-21T09:02:06Z","timestamp":1692608526000},"page":"129-139","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Long-term results and quality of life after vibrant soundbridge implantation (VSBs) in children and adults with aural atresia"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"281","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5748-1138","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sophia","family":"Gantner","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexandra","family":"Epp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marlene","family":"Pollotzek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John Martin","family":"Hempel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,21]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"8100_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.5152\/iao.2019.7383.PMID:31418720;PMCID:PMC6750779","volume":"15","author":"TY Zhang","year":"2019","unstructured":"Zhang TY, Bulstrode N, Chang KW, Cho YS, Frenzel H, Jiang D, Kesser BW, Siegert R, Triglia JM (2019) International consensus recommendations on microtia, aural atresia and functional ear reconstruction. 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