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Two reviewers performed study selection, quality evaluation, and risk of bias, followed by data extraction and detailed analysis.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>A total of six randomized controlled studies with a total sample size of 193 cases were included. Respiratory training improved swallowing safety (PAS (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009151, SMD\u2009=\u20090.69, 95% CI \u2212 1.11 to \u2212 0.26, <jats:italic>I<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\u2009=\u200936, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001)) and swallowing efficiency [residual (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200963, SMD\u2009=\u20091.67, 95% CI \u2212 2.26 to \u2212 1.09, <jats:italic>I<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\u2009=\u200923%, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001)] compared to control groups. The results of the qualitative analysis conducted in this study revealed that respiratory training enhanced hyoid bone movement but had no effect on swallowing quality of life.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Respiratory training interventions may improve swallowing safety and efficiency in patients with dysphagia. However, the level of evidence is low, and there is a limited amount of research on the effectiveness and physiology of this intervention to improve swallowing function. In the future, there is a need to expand clinical studies, standardize measurement tools, and improve study protocols.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405-023-08280-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,16]],"date-time":"2023-10-16T15:02:32Z","timestamp":1697468552000},"page":"1069-1081","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Effect of respiratory training on swallowing function in swallowing disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"281","author":[{"given":"Yinuo","family":"Dai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jianzheng","family":"Cai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3682-6117","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Haifang","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yingying","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chunyan","family":"Niu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yalan","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"8280_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0039-1688837","volume":"40","author":"AM Namasivayam-MacDonald","year":"2019","unstructured":"Namasivayam-MacDonald AM, Riquelme LF (2019) Presbyphagia to dysphagia: multiple perspectives and strategies for quality care of older adults. 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