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To compare the above, we utilized a 3Dex and an OM for microlaryngoscopic vocal fold augmentation with autologous fat in patients with glottic insufficiency and compared the procedure itself and the long-term impact of vocal fold augmentation on subjective and objective voice parameters in both groups.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>36 patients with glottic insufficiency received microlaryngoscopic laryngeal augmentation with autologous fat. A 3Dex was utilized in 24 cases for visualization and compared to twelve cases in which an OM was used. Voice parameters were evaluated over a period of twelve months.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Comparison of operation time and voice parameters between the 3Dex and OM groups did not reveal significant differences. Significant improvement of mean voice quality in all parameters excluding roughness was observed at 3 and 6 months followed then by a slight decrease of voice quality parameters between the 6 and 12\u00a0months interval in both groups.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Our findings indicate no difference concerning operation time and outcome between the use of a 3Dex and an OM in phonosurgery. Our results highlight a significant voice improvement after vocal fold augmentation with autologous fat in glottic insufficiency mediated dysphonia. The smaller viewing system, better ergonomics for the primary surgeon and the assistant and a direct view for the entire surgical team make a 3Dex an interesting alternative for visualization in microlaryngoscopic phonosurgery.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405-023-08345-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,18]],"date-time":"2023-12-18T02:02:04Z","timestamp":1702864924000},"page":"855-861","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["3D-exoscopic microlaryngoscopy in phonosurgery for glottic insufficiency"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"281","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6947-9836","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hans N. 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