{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T15:21:56Z","timestamp":1786980116509,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,5]],"date-time":"2024-06-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1717545600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,5]],"date-time":"2024-06-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1717545600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003196","name":"Ministero della Salute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Ricerca Corrente"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Ricerca Corrente"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003196","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100012352","name":"Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Milano","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100012352","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To investigate a possible link between acute Epstein-Barr virus infection and Lemierre syndrome, a rare yet life-threatening infection.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A systematic review was conducted adhering to the 2020 Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Diagnosis criteria for Lemierre syndrome were established, and data extraction encompassed demographic data, clinical, and laboratory information.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Out of 985 initially identified papers, 132 articles were selected for the final analysis. They reported on 151 cases of Lemierre syndrome (76 female and 75 male patients with a median of 18\u00a0years) alongside interpretable results for Epstein-Barr virus serology. Among these, 38 cases (25%) tested positive for acute Epstein-Barr virus serology. There were no differences in terms of age, sex, or Fusobacterium presence between the serologically positive and negative groups. Conversely, instances of cervical thrombophlebitis and pulmonary complications were significantly higher (P\u2009=\u20090.0001) among those testing negative. The disease course was lethal in one case for each of the two groups.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This analysis provides evidence of an association between acute Epstein-Barr virus infection and Lemierre syndrome. Raising awareness of this link within the medical community is desirable.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405-024-08767-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,5]],"date-time":"2024-06-05T12:03:48Z","timestamp":1717589028000},"page":"5497-5502","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Epstein-Barr virus as promoter of Lemierre syndrome: systematic literature review"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"281","author":[{"given":"Alessia A.","family":"Delc\u00f2","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sara M. M. A.","family":"Montorfani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Renato","family":"Gualtieri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sebastiano A. 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The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"The study was performed in accordance with ethical standards as laid down in the 1964 Helsinki Declaration.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval."}},{"value":"Not applicable (literature review).","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for participation"}},{"value":"Not applicable (literature review).","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}}]}}