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Imaging outcome was verified per-operatively during a second-look procedure or ossicular chain reconstruction. Diagnostic parameters were calculated and stratified by FU length.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>For the FU of 664 cholesteatoma surgeries, 1208 MRI-DWI were obtained and 235\u00a0second-look procedures were performed. Most MRI-DWI were obtained within 1.5\u00a0yrs of surgery. In this period, significantly less true positive MRI-DWI and significantly more false negative MRI-DWI for residual disease\u00a0were found compared to other FU periods. Scanning after approximately 3\u00a0yrs yielded a significantly higher rate of true positive MRI-DWI, while sensitivity surpassed 80%. Younger patients had a higher risk of developing residual disease. Patients undergoing canal wall up surgery, as well as patients\u2009&lt;\u200912\u00a0yrs, were at risk for false negative MRI-DWI. Obliteration reduces the risk of residual disease, while leading to less false negative MRI-DWI.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A novel radiologic FU scheme for detecting residual disease is suggested for stable ears after cholesteatoma surgery: standard MRI-DWI approximately 3 and 5\u00a0yrs after primary surgery, as well as MRI-DWI after approximately 9\u00a0yrs for patients with specific risk factors (i.e., patients\u2009&lt;\u200912\u00a0yrs or patients undergoing canal wall up surgery without obliteration).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405-024-08939-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,13]],"date-time":"2024-09-13T00:02:20Z","timestamp":1726185740000},"page":"659-668","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["MRI-DWI detection of residual cholesteatoma: moving toward an optimum follow-up scheme"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"282","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0187-5696","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maura C.","family":"Eggink","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maarten J. 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