{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,14]],"date-time":"2025-10-14T01:02:49Z","timestamp":1760403769950,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,27]],"date-time":"2025-06-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1750982400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,27]],"date-time":"2025-06-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1750982400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Kunming Health Science and Technology Talent Development Program: Thousand Project","award":["2023-SW (reserve)-23"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023-SW (reserve)-23"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00405-025-09457-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,27]],"date-time":"2025-06-27T14:25:28Z","timestamp":1751034328000},"page":"5177-5187","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Incidence and risk factors correlated with otitis media with effusion in pediatric patients with obstructive sleep apnea: a retrospective nationwide inpatient sample database study"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"282","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-9819-7973","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yan","family":"Gao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jin","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Meihua","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiuli","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fan","family":"Lou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cheng","family":"Ming","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6638-6477","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jing","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"9457_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Lavalle S, Caranti A, Iannella G, Pace A, Lentini M, Maniaci A, Campisi R, Via L, Giannitto C, Masiello E, Vicini C Messineo D(2025)The impact of diagnostic imaging on obstructive sleep apnea: feedback from a narrative review. Diagnostics (Basel) 15(3). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/diagnostics15030238","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics15030238"},{"issue":"4","key":"9457_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"704","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.109.4.704","volume":"109","author":"Clinical practice guideline","year":"2002","unstructured":"Clinical practice guideline (2002) Diagnosis and management of childhood obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. Pediatrics 109(4):704\u2013712. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1542\/peds.109.4.704","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"9457_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Liu CB, Shi YH, Li XY, Fan ZT(2023)Prevalence and risk factors of otitis media with effusion in children with obstructive sleep apnea. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 27(12): 5445\u20135452. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.26355\/eurrev_202306_32780","DOI":"10.26355\/eurrev_202306_32780"},{"issue":"1","key":"9457_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pedneo.2021.06.013","volume":"63","author":"CC Huang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Huang CC, Wu PW, Chiu CH, Lee TJ, Chen CL (2022) Assessment of sleep-disordered breathing in pediatric otitis media with effusion. Pediatr Neonatol 63(1):25\u201332. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.pedneo.2021.06.013","journal-title":"Pediatr Neonatol"},{"key":"9457_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Rosenfeld RM, Shin JJ, Schwartz SR, Coggins R, Gagnon L, Hackell JM, Hoelting D, Hunter LL, Kummer AW, Payne SC, Poe DS, Veling M, Vila PM, Walsh SA Corrigan MD(2016)Clinical practice guideline: otitis media with effusion (update). Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 154(1 Suppl): S1\u2013s41. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0194599815623467","DOI":"10.1177\/0194599815623467"},{"key":"9457_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Silva PA, Chalmers D, Stewart I(1986)Some audiological, psychologicducational and behavioral characteristics of children with bilateral otitis media with effusion: A longitudinal study. J Learn Disabil 19(3): 165\u2013169. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/002221948601900307","DOI":"10.1177\/002221948601900307"},{"key":"9457_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Mohiuddin S, Schilder A, Bruce I(2014)Economic evaluation of surgical insertion of ventilation tubes for the management of persistent bilateral otitis media with effusion in children. BMC Health Serv Res 14253. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1472-6963-14-253","DOI":"10.1186\/1472-6963-14-253"},{"key":"9457_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Gavrilovici C, Spoiala EL, Ivanov AV, Mocanu A, Streanga V, Alecsa MS Miron I(2021)Otitis media and obesity-an unusual relationship in children. Healthc (Basel) 9(4). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/healthcare9040458","DOI":"10.3390\/healthcare9040458"},{"key":"9457_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Restuti RD, Tamin S, Nugroho DA, Hutauruk SM, Mansyur M(2022)Factors affecting the occurrence of otitis media with effusion in preschool and elementary school children: A comparative cross-sectional study. BMJ Open 12(9): e065291. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmjopen-2022-065291","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2022-065291"},{"key":"9457_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Zielhuis GA, Heuvelmans-Heinen EW, Rach GH, van den Broek P(1989)Environmental risk factors for otitis media with effusion in preschool children. Scand J Prim Health Care 7(1): 33\u201338. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3109\/02813438909103668","DOI":"10.3109\/02813438909103668"},{"key":"9457_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Abdel Tawab HM, Tabook SMS(2021)Correlation between adenoid hypertrophy, tympanometry findings, and viscosity of middle ear fluid in chronic otitis media with effusion, Southern oman. Ear Nose Throat J 100(3): Np141\u2013np146. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0145561319875438","DOI":"10.1177\/0145561319875438"},{"key":"9457_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Sogebi OA, Oyewole EA, Ogunbanwo O(2021)Asymptomatic otitis media with effusion in children with adenoid enlargement. J Natl Med Assoc 113(2): 158\u2013164. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jnma.2020.08.005","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jnma.2020.08.005"},{"key":"9457_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Durgut O, Dikici O(2019)The effect of adenoid hypertrophy on hearing thresholds in children with otitis media with effusion. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 124116-119. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijporl.2019.05.046","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijporl.2019.05.046"},{"key":"9457_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Mokhlesi B, Hovda MD, Vekhter B, Arora VM, Chung F, Meltzer DO(2013)Sleep-disordered breathing and postoperative outcomes after elective surgery: analysis of the nationwide inpatient sample. Chest 144(3): 903\u2013914. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1378\/chest.12-2905","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.12-2905"},{"key":"9457_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Paradise JL, Rockette HE, Colborn DK, Bernard BS, Smith CG, Kurs-Lasky M, Janosky JE(1997)Otitis media in 2253 pittsburgh-area infants: prevalence and risk factors during the first two years of life. Pediatrics 99(3): 318\u2013333. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1542\/peds.99.3.318","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.99.3.318"},{"key":"9457_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Gali\u0107 MZ, Klan\u010dnik M(2022)Adenoid size in children with otitis media with effusion. Acta Clin Croat 60(3): 532\u2013539. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.20471\/acc.2021.60.03.25","DOI":"10.20471\/acc.2021.60.03.25"},{"key":"9457_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Tong MC, Yue V, Ku PK, Lo PS, van Hasselt CA(2000)Screening for otitis media with effusion to measure its prevalence in Chinese children in Hong Kong. Ear Nose Throat J 79(8): 626\u2013630. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/014556130007900818","DOI":"10.1177\/014556130007900818"},{"key":"9457_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Varsak YK, G\u00fcl Z, Ery\u0131lmaz MA, Arba\u011f H(2015)Prevalence of otitis media with effusion among school age children in rural parts of Konya Province, Turkey. Kulak Burun Bogaz Ihtis Derg 25(4): 200\u2013204. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5606\/kbbihtisas.2015.01979","DOI":"10.5606\/kbbihtisas.2015.01979"},{"key":"9457_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Simon F, Haggard M, Rosenfeld RM, Jia H, Peer S, Calmels MN, Couloigner V, Teissier N(2018)International consensus (icon) on management of otitis media with effusion in children. Eur Ann Otorhinolaryngol Head Neck Dis 135(1s): S33\u2013s39. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.anorl.2017.11.009","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anorl.2017.11.009"},{"key":"9457_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Vanneste P, Page C(2019)Otitis media with effusion in children: pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment. A review. J Otol 14(2): 33\u201339. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.joto.2019.01.005","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joto.2019.01.005"},{"key":"9457_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Chen W, Yin G, Chen Y, Wang L, Wang Y, Zhao C, Wang W, Ye J(2023)Analysis of factors that influence the occurrence of otitis media with effusion in pediatric patients with adenoid hypertrophy. Front Pediatr 111098067. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fped.2023.1098067","DOI":"10.3389\/fped.2023.1098067"},{"key":"9457_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Tian H, Zhang H, Chen Y, Zhong C(2024)A study of the influence of meteorological and environmental factors on otitis media with effusion in Lanzhou. Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 76(6): 5234\u20135247. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12070-024-04954-8","DOI":"10.1007\/s12070-024-04954-8"},{"key":"9457_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Aladeyelu OS, Olaniyi KS, Olojede SO, Mbatha WE, Sibiya AL, Rennie CO(2022)Temporal bone pneumatization: A scoping review on the growth and size of mastoid air cell system with age. PLoS ONE 17(6): e0269360. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0269360","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0269360"},{"key":"9457_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Dias SP, Brouwer MC, van de Beek D(2022)Sex and gender differences in bacterial infections. Infect Immun 90(10): e0028322. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/iai.00283-22","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.00283-22"},{"key":"9457_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Smith DF, Boss EF(2010)Racial\/ethnic and socioeconomic disparities in the prevalence and treatment of otitis media in children in the united States. Laryngoscope 120(11): 2306\u20132312. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/lary.21090","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.21090"},{"issue":"8","key":"9457_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3846","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.31380","volume":"134","author":"Y Shi","year":"2024","unstructured":"Shi Y, Heien HC, Orvidas LJ, Sangaralingham LR, Halbauer M, Warner DO, Phelan S (2024) Racial and ethnic disparities in otolaryngology office visit and tympanostomy tube placement in children with otitis media. Laryngoscope 134(8):3846\u20133852. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/lary.31380","journal-title":"Laryngoscope"},{"key":"9457_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Singleton R, Seeman S, Grinnell M, Bulkow L, Kokesh J, Emmett S, Holve S, McCollum J, Hennessy T(2018)Trends in otitis media and myringotomy with tube placement among American Indian and Alaska native children and the Us general population of children after introduction of the 13-valent Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine. Pediatr Infect Dis J 37(1): e6\u2013e12. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/inf.0000000000001704","DOI":"10.1097\/inf.0000000000001704"},{"key":"9457_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Morris K, Morgenlander M, Coulehan JL, Gahagen S Arena VC(1990)Wood-burning stoves and lower respiratory tract infection in American Indian children. Am J Dis Child 144(1): 105\u2013108. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/archpedi.1990.02150250117047","DOI":"10.1001\/archpedi.1990.02150250117047"},{"key":"9457_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Aydo\u011fan B, Kiro\u011flu M, Altintas D, Yilmaz M, Yorgancilar E, Tuncer U(2004)The role of food allergy in otitis media with effusion. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 130(6): 747\u2013750. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.otohns.2004.02.003","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otohns.2004.02.003"},{"issue":"5","key":"9457_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1931","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2021.01.010","volume":"9","author":"LB Robinson","year":"1932","unstructured":"Robinson LB, Arroyo AC, Faridi MK, Rudders S, Camargo CA (1932) Jr.(2021)Trends in Us emergency department visits for anaphylaxis among infants and toddlers: 2006\u20132015. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract 9(5):1931\u20131938e. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jaip.2021.01.010","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract"},{"key":"9457_CR31","unstructured":"Maw AR, Bawden R(1994)The long term outcome of secretory otitis media in children and the effects of surgical treatment: A ten year study. Acta Otorhinolaryngol Belg 48(4): 317\u2013324"},{"key":"9457_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Rosen TS, Johnson HL(1982)Children of methadone-maintained mothers: Follow-up to 18 months of age. J Pediatr 101(2): 192\u2013196. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0022-3476(82)80115-7","DOI":"10.1016\/s0022-3476(82)80115-7"},{"key":"9457_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Dar T, Abou-Abdallah M, Michaels J, Talwar R(2024)Cocaine-associated eustachian tube stenosis causing chronic \u2018glue ear\u2019: A rare cocaine-induced destructive lesion. J Laryngol Otol 138(6): 699\u2013702. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s0022215124000197","DOI":"10.1017\/s0022215124000197"},{"key":"9457_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Al-Saab F, Manoukian JJ, Al-Sabah B, Almot S, Nguyen LH, Tewfik TL, Daniel SJ, Schloss MD, Hamid QA(2008)Linking laryngopharyngeal reflux to otitis media with effusion: pepsinogen study of adenoid tissue and middle ear fluid. J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 37(4): 565\u2013571. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2310\/7070.2008.0106","DOI":"10.2310\/7070.2008.0106"},{"key":"9457_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Dayyat E, Kheirandish-Gozal L, Sans Capdevila O, Maarafeya MMA, Gozal D(2009)Obstructive sleep apnea in children: relative contributions of body mass index and adenotonsillar hypertrophy. Chest 136(1): 137\u2013144. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1378\/chest.08-2568","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.08-2568"},{"key":"9457_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Burak MF, Stanley TL, Lawson EA, Campbell SL, Lynch L, Hasty AH, Domingos AI, Dixit VD, Hotam\u0131\u015fl\u0131gil GS, Sheedy FJ, Dixon AE, Brinkley TE, Hill JA, Donath MY, Grinspoon SK (2024) Adiposity, immunity, and inflammation: interrelationships in health and disease: A report from 24th annual Harvard nutrition obesity symposium, June 2023. Am J Clin Nutr 120(1):257\u2013268. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajcnut.2024.04.029","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajcnut.2024.04.029"},{"key":"9457_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Nogaki T, Paparella MM, Cureoglu S(2020)A structural analysis of tympanic compartments of the middle ear in patients with down\u2019s syndrome: A temporal bone study. Otol Neurotol 41(8): 1149\u20131157. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/mao.0000000000002715","DOI":"10.1097\/mao.0000000000002715"},{"key":"9457_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Kolstad TK, DelRosso LM, Tablizo MA, Witmans M, Cho Y, Sobremonte-King M(2024)Sleep-disordered breathing and associated comorbidities among preschool-aged children with down syndrome. Child (Basel) 11(6). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/children11060651","DOI":"10.3390\/children11060651"},{"key":"9457_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Delmaghani S, El-Amraoui A(2025)How a gene fuels ear infections. Elife 14. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7554\/eLife.105612","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.105612"},{"key":"9457_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Davcheva-Chakar M, Kaftandzhieva A, Zafirovska B(2015)Adenoid vegetations - reservoir of bacteria for chronic otitis media with effusion and chronic rhinosinusitis. Pril (Makedon Akad Nauk Umet Odd Med Nauki) 36(3): 71\u201376. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1515\/prilozi-2015-0080","DOI":"10.1515\/prilozi-2015-0080"},{"key":"9457_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Teh J, Biswas K, Waldvogel-Thurlow S, Broderick D, Clark ST, Johnston J, Wagner Mackenzie B, Douglas R(2024)Paired qualitative and quantitative analysis of bacterial microcolonies in the tonsils of patients with tonsillar hyperplasia. Microbes Infect 26(4): 105317. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.micinf.2024.105317","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2024.105317"},{"key":"9457_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Van Hoecke H, De Paepe AS, Lambert E, Van Belleghem JD, Cools P, Van Simaey L, Deschaght P, Vaneechoutte M Dhooge I(2016)Haemophilus influenzae biofilm formation in chronic otitis media with effusion. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 273(11): 3553\u20133560. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00405-016-3958-9","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405-016-3958-9"},{"key":"9457_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Wang Y, Chiu FH(2024)Impact of obstructive sleep apnea on clinical outcomes of hospitalization due to influenza in children: A propensity score-matched analysis of the Us nationwide inpatient sample 2005\u20132018. Pediatr Pulmonol. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ppul.26968","DOI":"10.1002\/ppul.26968"}],"container-title":["European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00405-025-09457-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00405-025-09457-y\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00405-025-09457-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,13]],"date-time":"2025-10-13T18:59:17Z","timestamp":1760381957000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00405-025-09457-y"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,27]]},"references-count":43,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]}},"alternative-id":["9457"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00405-025-09457-y","relation":{},"ISSN":["0937-4477","1434-4726"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0937-4477"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1434-4726"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,27]]},"assertion":[{"value":"9 December 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"13 March 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"27 June 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"None.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"This study was deemed exempt because it used deidentified publicly available data. Thus, ethics approval was not required.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics statement"}}]}}