{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,27]],"date-time":"2026-04-27T21:21:30Z","timestamp":1777324890887,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,24]],"date-time":"2025-05-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748044800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,24]],"date-time":"2025-05-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748044800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004622","name":"KWF Kankerbestrijding","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["13528"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["13528"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004622","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Patients diagnosed with incurable head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) have a poor prognosis, with a median survival of approximately five months. Physicians often struggle to predict prognosis accurately and tend to overestimate survival. Timely sharing of validated accurate individual information on life expectancy could aid in facilitating better patient counseling. However, this knowledge is lacking. Therefore, the aim of this study is to conduct temporal and external validation of the prognostic model OncologIQ Palliative to assess its accuracy and generalizability.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>The validation procedure involved temporal assessment in a retrospective cohort of 355 palliative HNSCC patients from Erasmus MC (2017\u20132020), followed by external validation in a retrospective cohort of 44 patients from Leiden University Medical Center (2019\u20132021).The discriminative ability of OncologIQ Palliative was assessed using the C-index and calibration was evaluated through graphical assessment, intercept, and slope.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>The temporal cohort had a median follow-up of 115 days, and the external cohort 143 days. The model showed moderate discriminative ability in temporal validation (C-index 0.66) and better discrimination in external validation (C-index 0.71). Reasonable agreement was observed between predicted and observed 6-month and 1-year survival rates, with some deviations from the perfect calibration line.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>The validation methods conducted in this study underscored the reliability of OncologIQ Palliative. They showed adequate calibration and discrimination in both validation procedures, thereby facilitating the provision of more accurate prognostic counselling for head and neck cancer patients in the palliative phase.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405-025-09462-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,24]],"date-time":"2025-05-24T14:36:00Z","timestamp":1748097360000},"page":"4735-4743","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Validation of the prognostic model \u201concologiq palliative\u201d for head and neck cancer patients"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"282","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-9787-088X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"B. N.","family":"van den Besselaar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2096-606X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"D.","family":"van Klaveren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5281-735X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"D.","family":"Berzenji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8049-6701","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"A.","family":"Hoesseini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3955-0152","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"J. C.","family":"Jansen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5580-5613","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"J. A.","family":"Hardillo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7236-264X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"R. J.","family":"Baatenburg de Jong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8923-8354","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M. P. J.","family":"Offerman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Sewnaik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"9462_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"van den Besselaar BN, Sewnaik A, Hoesseini A, Dorr MC, Baatenburg de Jong RJ, Offerman MPJ (2024) Causes and ways of death in patients with head and neck cancer. JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 150(4):303\u2013310","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaoto.2023.4694"},{"issue":"3","key":"9462_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1016\/j.soc.2015.03.001","volume":"24","author":"EM Rettig","year":"2015","unstructured":"Rettig EM, D\u2019Souza G (2015) Epidemiology of head and neck cancer. Surg Oncol Clin N Am 24(3):379\u2013396","journal-title":"Surg Oncol Clin N Am"},{"key":"9462_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ruud Kj\u00e6r EK, Jensen JS, Jakobsen KK, Lelkaitis G, Wessel I, von Buchwald C, Gr\u00f8nh\u00f8j C (2021) The impact of comorbidity on survival in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: a nationwide case-control study spanning 35 years. Front Oncol 10:617184","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2020.617184"},{"issue":"2","key":"9462_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"294","DOI":"10.1177\/01945998221127203","volume":"169","author":"MC Dorr","year":"2023","unstructured":"Dorr MC, Sewnaik A, Berzenji D, van Hof KS, Grevelink T, Baatenburg de Jong RJ, Offerman MPJ (2023) Learnings from longitudinal Patient-Reported and clinical outcomes in palliative head and neck Cancer care. Otolaryngology\u2013Head Neck Surg 169(2):294\u2013302","journal-title":"Otolaryngology\u2013Head Neck Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"9462_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1186\/s12955-017-0740-7","volume":"15","author":"TM Hung","year":"2017","unstructured":"Hung TM, Lin CR, Chi YC, Lin CY, Chen EY, Kang CJ et al (2017) Body image in head and neck cancer patients treated with radiotherapy: the impact of surgical procedures. Health Qual Life Outcomes 15(1):165","journal-title":"Health Qual Life Outcomes"},{"issue":"23","key":"9462_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5793","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.27631","volume":"118","author":"KA Hutcheson","year":"2012","unstructured":"Hutcheson KA, Lewin JS, Barringer DA, Lisec A, Gunn GB, Moore MW, Holsinger FC (2012) Late dysphagia after radiotherapy-based treatment of head and neck cancer. Cancer 118(23):5793\u20135799","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"issue":"6","key":"9462_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"868","DOI":"10.1002\/hed.23053","volume":"35","author":"ME Lokker","year":"2013","unstructured":"Lokker ME, Offerman MP, van der Velden LA, de Boer MF, Pruyn JF, Teunissen SC (2013) Symptoms of patients with incurable head and neck cancer: prevalence and impact on daily functioning. Head Neck 35(6):868\u2013876","journal-title":"Head Neck"},{"issue":"5","key":"9462_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"556","DOI":"10.1089\/jpm.2010.0461","volume":"14","author":"YL Lin","year":"2011","unstructured":"Lin YL, Lin IC, Liou JC (2011) Symptom patterns of patients with head and neck cancer in a palliative care unit. J Palliat Med 14(5):556\u2013559","journal-title":"J Palliat Med"},{"key":"9462_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"van den Besselaar B, van Hof KS, Sewnaik A, Baatenburg de Jong RJ, Offerman MP (2024) Electronic health in the palliative care pathway for patients with head and neck Cancer. JAMA Otolaryng Head Neck Surg 151(1):19\u201327","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaoto.2024.3691"},{"key":"9462_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Berzenji D, Dorr MC, Sewnaik A, Mast H, Offerman MPJ, Baatenburg de Jong RJ, Hardillo JA (2024) Quality of life of oligometastatic and polymetastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma patients. Laryngoscope 134(7):3170\u20133176","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.31325"},{"issue":"7","key":"9462_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1021","DOI":"10.1002\/hed.21572","volume":"33","author":"QC Ledeboer","year":"2011","unstructured":"Ledeboer QC, van der Schroeff MP, Pruyn JF, de Boer MF, Baatenburg de Jong RJ, van der Velden LA (2011) Survival of patients with palliative head and neck cancer. Head Neck 33(7):1021\u20131026","journal-title":"Head Neck"},{"key":"9462_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105356","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oraloncology.2021.105356","volume":"119","author":"D Berzenji","year":"2021","unstructured":"Berzenji D, Sewnaik A, Keereweer S, Monserez DA, Verduijn GM, van Meerten E et al (2021) Dissemination patterns and chronology of distant metastasis affect survival of patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Oral Oncol 119:105356","journal-title":"Oral Oncol"},{"issue":"1","key":"9462_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1186\/s12904-023-01325-y","volume":"23","author":"A Hoesseini","year":"2024","unstructured":"Hoesseini A, Sewnaik A, van den Besselaar BN, Zhang J, van Leeuwen N, Hardillo JA et al (2024) Prognostic model for overall survival of head and neck cancer patients in the palliative phase. BMC Palliat Care 23(1):54","journal-title":"BMC Palliat Care"},{"key":"9462_CR14","volume-title":"National cancer control programmes: policies and managerial guidelines","author":"World Health Organization (WHO)","year":"2002","unstructured":"World Health Organization (WHO) (2002) National cancer control programmes: policies and managerial guidelines, 2nd edn. World Health Organization, ed. Geneva","edition":"2"},{"issue":"1","key":"9462_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1177\/0269216308098799","volume":"23","author":"S Innes","year":"2009","unstructured":"Innes S, Payne S (2009) Advanced cancer patients\u2019 prognostic information preferences: a review. Palliat Med 23(1):29\u201339","journal-title":"Palliat Med"},{"issue":"9","key":"9462_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1721","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2004.04.095","volume":"22","author":"RG Hagerty","year":"2004","unstructured":"Hagerty RG, Butow PN, Ellis PA, Lobb EA, Pendlebury S, Leighl N et al (2004) Cancer patient preferences for communication of prognosis in the metastatic setting. J Clin Oncol 22(9):1721\u20131730","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"1","key":"9462_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1186\/s12885-020-6554-8","volume":"20","author":"A Hoesseini","year":"2020","unstructured":"Hoesseini A, Dronkers EAC, Sewnaik A, Hardillo JAU, Baatenburg de Jong RJ, Offerman MPJ (2020) Head and neck cancer patients\u2019 preferences for individualized prognostic information: a focus group study. BMC Cancer 20(1):399","journal-title":"BMC Cancer"},{"key":"9462_CR18","unstructured":"van der Velden NCA (2023) Hope for the best, prepare for the worst: prognostic communication in palliative cancer care. University of Amsterdam"},{"key":"9462_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"van der Velden NCA, Smets EMA, van Vliet LM, Brom L, van Laarhoven HWM, Henselmans I (2024) Effects of prognostic communication strategies on prognostic perceptions, treatment decisions and End-Of-Life anticipation in advanced cancer: an experimental study among analogue patients. J Pain Symptom Manage 67(6):478\u2013489.e13","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpainsymman.2024.02.563"},{"issue":"8","key":"9462_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0161407","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0161407","volume":"11","author":"N White","year":"2016","unstructured":"White N, Reid F, Harris A, Harries P, Stone P (2016) A systematic review of predictions of survival in palliative care: how accurate are clinicians and who are the experts?? PLoS ONE 11(8):e0161407","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"1","key":"9462_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1186\/s12904-020-00682-2","volume":"19","author":"A Hoesseini","year":"2020","unstructured":"Hoesseini A, Offerman MPJ, van de Wall-Neecke BJ, Sewnaik A, Wieringa MH, Baatenburg de Jong RJ (2020) Physicians\u2019 clinical prediction of survival in head and neck cancer patients in the palliative phase. BMC Palliat Care 19(1):176","journal-title":"BMC Palliat Care"},{"issue":"1","key":"9462_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2288-14-40","volume":"14","author":"GS Collins","year":"2014","unstructured":"Collins GS, de Groot JA, Dutton S, Omar O, Shanyinde M, Tajar A et al (2014) External validation of multivariable prediction models: a systematic review of methodological conduct and reporting. BMC Med Res Methodol 14(1):40","journal-title":"BMC Med Res Methodol"},{"issue":"9","key":"9462_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"826","DOI":"10.1016\/S0895-4356(03)00207-5","volume":"56","author":"SE Bleeker","year":"2003","unstructured":"Bleeker SE, Moll HA, Steyerberg EW, Donders ART, Derksen-Lubsen G, Grobbee DE, Moons KGM (2003) External validation is necessary in prediction research:: A clinical example. J Clin Epidemiol 56(9):826\u2013832","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"9462_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1001381","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1001381","volume":"10","author":"EW Steyerberg","year":"2013","unstructured":"Steyerberg EW, Moons KG, van der Windt DA, Hayden JA, Perel P, Schroter S et al (2013) Prognosis research strategy (PROGRESS) 3: prognostic model research. PLoS Med 10(2):e1001381","journal-title":"PLoS Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"9462_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1093\/ckj\/sfaa188","volume":"14","author":"CL Ramspek","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ramspek CL, Jager KJ, Dekker FW, Zoccali C, van Diepen M (2021) External validation of prognostic models: what, why, how, when and where? Clin Kidney J 14(1):49\u201358","journal-title":"Clin Kidney J"},{"key":"9462_CR26","volume-title":"AJCC cancer staging manual 8th ed","author":"SB Edge","year":"2017","unstructured":"Edge SB, American Joint Committee on C (2017) AJCC cancer staging manual 8th ed, 8th edn. Springer New York, New York","edition":"8"},{"issue":"6","key":"9462_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"649","DOI":"10.1097\/00000421-198212000-00014","volume":"5","author":"MM Oken","year":"1982","unstructured":"Oken MM, Creech RH, Tormey DC, Horton J, Davis TE, McFadden ET, Carbone PP (1982) Toxicity and response criteria of the Eastern cooperative oncology group. Am J Clin Oncol 5(6):649\u2013655","journal-title":"Am J Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"3","key":"9462_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.18637\/jss.v045.i03","volume":"45","author":"S van Buuren","year":"2011","unstructured":"van Buuren S, Groothuis-Oudshoorn K (2011) Mice: multivariate imputation by chained equations in R. J Stat Softw 45(3):1\u201367","journal-title":"J Stat Softw"},{"issue":"2","key":"9462_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaoto.2021.3505","volume":"148","author":"A Hoesseini","year":"2022","unstructured":"Hoesseini A, van Leeuwen N, Sewnaik A, Steyerberg EW, Baatenburg de Jong RJ, Lingsma HF, Offerman MPJ (2022) Key aspects of prognostic model development and interpretation from a clinical perspective. JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 148(2):180\u2013186","journal-title":"JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"9462_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12916-014-0241-z","volume":"13","author":"GS Collins","year":"2015","unstructured":"Collins GS, Reitsma JB, Altman DG, Moons KGM (2015) Transparent reporting of a multivariable prediction model for individual prognosis or diagnosis (TRIPOD): the TRIPOD statement. BMC Med 13(1):1","journal-title":"BMC Med"},{"issue":"21","key":"9462_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1613","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/djr388","volume":"103","author":"J Feliu","year":"2011","unstructured":"Feliu J, Jim\u00e9nez-Gordo AM, Madero R, Rodr\u00edguez-Aizcorbe JR, Espinosa E, Castro J et al (2011) Development and validation of a prognostic nomogram for terminally ill cancer patients. J Natl Cancer Inst 103(21):1613\u20131620","journal-title":"J Natl Cancer Inst"},{"issue":"36","key":"9462_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5863","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2008.17.1363","volume":"26","author":"C Edward","year":"2008","unstructured":"Edward C, Mohamed A, Tony P, Kristin H, Andrea B, Padraig W, Ian T (2008) Predictive model for survival in patients with advanced Cancer. J Clin Oncol 26(36):5863\u20135869","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"11","key":"9462_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2244350","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2022.44350","volume":"5","author":"C Owusuaa","year":"2022","unstructured":"Owusuaa C, van der Padt-Pruijsten A, Drooger JC, Heijns JB, Dietvorst A-M, Janssens-van Vliet ECJ et al (2022) Development of a clinical prediction model for 1-Year mortality in patients with advanced Cancer. JAMA Netw Open 5(11):e2244350\u2013e","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"issue":"11","key":"9462_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1723","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaoncol.2020.4331","volume":"6","author":"CR Manz","year":"2020","unstructured":"Manz CR, Chen J, Liu M, Chivers C, Regli SH, Braun J et al (2020) Validation of a machine learning algorithm to predict 180-Day mortality for outpatients with Cancer. JAMA Oncol 6(11):1723\u20131730","journal-title":"JAMA Oncol"},{"issue":"8","key":"9462_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2327193","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2023.27193","volume":"6","author":"G Chalkidis","year":"2023","unstructured":"Chalkidis G, McPherson JP, Beck A, Newman MG, Guo J-W, Sloss EA, Staes CJ (2023) External validation of a machine learning model to predict 6-Month mortality for patients with advanced solid tumors. JAMA Netw Open 6(8):e2327193\u2013e","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"issue":"12","key":"9462_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1191","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oraloncology.2012.06.019","volume":"48","author":"MA O\u2019Rorke","year":"2012","unstructured":"O\u2019Rorke MA, Ellison MV, Murray LJ, Moran M, James J, Anderson LA (2012) Human papillomavirus related head and neck cancer survival: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Oral Oncol 48(12):1191\u20131201","journal-title":"Oral Oncol"},{"issue":"9","key":"9462_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"979","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2007.03.003","volume":"60","author":"EW Steyerberg","year":"2007","unstructured":"Steyerberg EW, van Veen M (2007) Imputation is beneficial for handling missing data in predictive models. J Clin Epidemiol 60(9):979","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol"},{"key":"9462_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"la Roi-Teeuw HM, van Royen FS, de Hond A, Zahra A, de Vries S, Bartels R et al (2024) Don\u2019t be misled: three misconceptions about external validation of clinical prediction models. J Clin Epidemiol 172:111387","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2024.111387"},{"issue":"1","key":"9462_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1186\/s12904-025-01647-z","volume":"24","author":"BN van den Besselaar","year":"2025","unstructured":"van den Besselaar BN, Sewnaik A, Dorr MC, Hoesseini A, Hardillo JA, Baatenburg de Jong RJ, Offerman MPJ (2025) A study protocol for individualized prognostic counselling in the palliative phase. BMC Palliat Care 24(1):9","journal-title":"BMC Palliat Care"}],"container-title":["European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00405-025-09462-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00405-025-09462-1\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00405-025-09462-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,10]],"date-time":"2025-09-10T20:04:52Z","timestamp":1757534692000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00405-025-09462-1"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,24]]},"references-count":39,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]}},"alternative-id":["9462"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00405-025-09462-1","relation":{},"ISSN":["0937-4477","1434-4726"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0937-4477","type":"print"},{"value":"1434-4726","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,24]]},"assertion":[{"value":"17 February 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"12 May 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"24 May 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"This study was approved by the ethics committee of the Erasmus Medical Center (MEC number: MEC-2016-751).","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no competing interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing Interests"}},{"value":"An oral presentation of this article was held at the JOD Congress in Nijmegen, the Netherlands, on May 24, 2024. We received first prize for the best and most relevant presentation. An oral presentation of this article was held at the 7th CEORL-HNS Congress in Dublin, Ireland, on June 18, 2024.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Presentations"}}]}}