{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,23]],"date-time":"2026-04-23T16:24:10Z","timestamp":1776961450449,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,25]],"date-time":"2025-06-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1750809600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,25]],"date-time":"2025-06-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1750809600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006260","name":"Technion - Israel Institute of Technology","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006260","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Tonsillectomy is a common surgical procedure primarily performed for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and recurrent acute tonsillitis. Actinomyces are gram-positive, anaerobic bacteria commonly found in the oral cavity and known to form part of the human microbiome, occasionally associated with localized infections. While <jats:italic>Actinomyces<\/jats:italic> bacterial colonization in tonsils has been previously studied, its correlation with surgical indications and outcomes remains unclear.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>The study aimed to investigate the relationship between <jats:italic>Actinomyces<\/jats:italic> colonization in tonsillar specimens and surgical indications, and to examine whether <jats:italic>Actinomyces<\/jats:italic> presence influences tonsillectomy outcomes, specifically post-operative hemorrhage and hospital stay.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>This retrospective cohort study analyzed electronic medical records from Lady Davis Carmel Medical Centre between 2011 and 2021. The study included 1,333 patients who underwent extra-capsular tonsillectomies. Patient demographics, surgical indications, length of hospital stay, post-surgical complications, and pathological reports were collected and analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics 28.0.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>The study population consisted of 760 (57%) males and 573 (43%) females, with an age range of 0.98 to 67.5\u00a0years (mean 9.1\u00a0years). <jats:italic>Actinomyces<\/jats:italic> was present in 13.2% of specimens from patients with infectious indications compared to 4.5% in patients with obstructive indications (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001). A statistically significant age difference was observed between patients with (17.78\u00a0years) and without (8.55\u00a0years) <jats:italic>Actinomyces<\/jats:italic>. Multivariate analysis revealed that age was the most significant predictor of <jats:italic>Actinomyces<\/jats:italic> presence (OR 1.047, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.0001).<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>The study found a significant correlation between Actinomyces presence, older age, and infectious surgical indications. While Actinomyces colonization did not demonstrate a direct influence on surgical complications, the findings suggest potential clinical relevance that merits further research to elucidate the bacterium's role in tonsillar pathology.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405-025-09481-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,25]],"date-time":"2025-06-25T14:19:31Z","timestamp":1750861171000},"page":"4847-4851","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Actinomyces findings in tonsillectomy specimens- comparison between adults and pediatrics populations"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"282","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6139-3931","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yotam Aharon","family":"Shiner","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shoham","family":"Caplan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ilana","family":"Doweck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,25]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"9481_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1177\/0194599818814424","volume":"160","author":"RB Mitchell","year":"2019","unstructured":"Mitchell RB, Archer SM, Ishman SL, Rosenfeld RM, Coles S, Finestone SA et al (2019) Clinical practice guideline: tonsillectomy in children (Update). 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