{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]],"date-time":"2026-09-09T00:41:42Z","timestamp":1788914502629,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,23]],"date-time":"2026-01-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769126400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,23]],"date-time":"2026-01-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769126400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006260","name":"Technion - Israel Institute of Technology","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006260","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To report medical outcomes and time-related recidivism after extensive cholesteatoma treated with canal wall-down (CWD) mastoidectomy, external ear canal (EEC) reconstruction, tympanoplasty, and S53P4 bioactive-glass mastoid obliteration.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Retrospective study of 127 ears with extensive cholesteatoma treated at a tertiary center. Patients were scheduled for annual otoscopic and non-echo-planar DW MRI follow-up for up to 4 years. For each postoperative year, only ears attending that visit and all previous yearly visits were analyzed. Main outcomes were: completely epithelialized, dry ear; tympanic membrane and\/or posterior\u2013superior EEC retraction; retraction pocket (RP) cholesteatoma; and residual cholesteatoma on MRI.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Follow-up attendance declined from 100% (127\/127) in year 1 to 67.2% (41\/61) in year 4. A dry, epithelialized ear was achieved in 96.9% (123\/127). Retraction developed in 33.9% (43\/127), with probabilities of 13.4%, 26.4%, 28.9%, and 34.1% at 1, 2, 3, and 4 years, respectively. RP cholesteatoma occurred in 11.8% (15\/127) and residual cholesteatoma on MRI in 7.0% (9\/127); 23% of retracted ears progressed to RP cholesteatoma. Children\u2009\u2264\u200911 years had higher rates of retraction and RP cholesteatoma.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Despite counseling on the importance of follow-up, attendance declined over time. CWD mastoidectomy with EEC reconstruction, tympanoplasty, and S53P4 obliteration yielded high long-term dry ear rates in extensive and recurrent cholesteatoma, but complete eradication was not achieved. Younger and re-operated patients were at higher risk of retraction and RP cholesteatoma. Recidivism appeared years after the first surgery, supporting prolonged follow-up. Reporting annual outcome incidence in future studies would enhance understanding of extensive cholesteatoma.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405-026-10042-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,9]],"date-time":"2026-03-09T14:35:32Z","timestamp":1773066932000},"page":"3005-3015","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Medical outcomes after canal wall-down mastoidectomy, external ear canal reconstruction, tympanoplasty, and mastoid obliteration for extensive cholesteatoma"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"283","author":[{"given":"Michal","family":"Luntz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Keren","family":"Hod","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7027-4221","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Roni","family":"Barzilai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,23]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"10042_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405-024-08875-8","volume":"282","author":"G Molinari","year":"2025","unstructured":"Molinari G, Reale M, Albera A et al (2025) Follow-up strategies in pediatric cholesteatoma: a systematic review. 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