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(Sub-) clinical samples with OCD have reported higher anger and anger suppression. Patients with checking-related symptoms of OCD showed a less aggressive self-concept as assessed by an Implicit Association Test (IAT). This study assessed anger and aggressiveness self-concepts\u00a0in OCD as well as possible mediators\u00a0of the link between\u00a0OCD and aggressiveness. A total of 48 patients with OCD and 45 healthy controls were included. Measures included the State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory-II and an aggressiveness self-concept IAT (Agg-IAT). An inflated sense of responsibility, non-acceptance of emotions, and social desirability were tested as mediators. As expected, patients with OCD reported higher trait anger and anger suppression compared to healthy controls. Contrary to hypotheses, the aggressiveness self-concept (Agg-IAT) did not differ between groups. The inflated sense of responsibility mediated the relationship between group and anger suppression. Non-acceptance of negative emotions mediated the relationship between group and trait anger, as well as anger suppression. However, comorbidities and medication may account for some effect in anger suppression. Elevated trait anger and anger suppression in OCD patients could be explained by dysfunctional beliefs or maladaptive emotion regulation strategies. Emotion regulation therapy might help to enhance awareness and acceptance of emotions and possibly improve treatment outcomes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00406-020-01199-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,5]],"date-time":"2020-11-05T18:03:04Z","timestamp":1604599384000},"page":"1179-1191","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Anger and aggressiveness in obsessive\u2013compulsive disorder (OCD) and the mediating role of responsibility, non-acceptance of emotions, and social desirability"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"271","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4814-1497","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Barbara","family":"Cludius","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna K.","family":"Mannsfeld","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6449-2946","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexander F.","family":"Schmidt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5292-350X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lena","family":"Jelinek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"1199_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1521\/bumc.2007.71.4.291","volume":"71","author":"S Kempke","year":"2007","unstructured":"Kempke S, Luyten P (2007) Psychodynamic and cognitive-behavioral approaches of obsessive-compulsive disorder: is it time to work through our ambivalence? 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