{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]],"date-time":"2026-07-20T22:11:24Z","timestamp":1784585484562,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,17]],"date-time":"2021-07-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1626480000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,17]],"date-time":"2021-07-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1626480000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100019081","name":"science and technology program of hunan province","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["2020SK53413"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020SK53413"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100019081","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81771447"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81771447"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81630033"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81630033"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Natural Science Foundation of Hunan","award":["2020JJ4784"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020JJ4784"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006606","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["18JCQNJC10900"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["18JCQNJC10900"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006606","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,10]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00406-021-01303-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,17]],"date-time":"2021-07-17T16:02:33Z","timestamp":1626537753000},"page":"1285-1295","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Increased subcortical region volume induced by electroconvulsive therapy in patients with schizophrenia"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"271","author":[{"given":"Xiaoxiao","family":"Shan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haisan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhao","family":"Dong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jindong","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Feng","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jingping","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hongxing","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1626-2465","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wenbin","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,17]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"1303_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"511","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psc.2007.04.001","volume":"30","author":"H Elkis","year":"2007","unstructured":"Elkis H (2007) Treatment-resistant schizophrenia. Psychiatr Clin N Am 30(3):511\u2013533","journal-title":"Psychiatr Clin N Am"},{"issue":"1\u20133","key":"1303_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1016\/j.schres.2016.01.024","volume":"171","author":"J Lally","year":"2016","unstructured":"Lally J, Tully J, Robertson D, Stubbs B, Gaughran F, Maccabe JH (2016) Augmentation of clozapine with electroconvulsive therapy in treatment resistant schizophrenia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Schizophr Res 171(1\u20133):215\u2013224","journal-title":"Schizophr Res"},{"issue":"9","key":"1303_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3310\/hta9090","volume":"9","author":"J Greenhalgh","year":"2005","unstructured":"Greenhalgh J, Knight C, Hind D, Beverley C, Walters S (2005) Clinical and cost-effectiveness of electroconvulsive therapy for depressive illness, schizophrenia, catatonia and mania: systematic reviews and economic modelling studies. Health Technol Asses 9(9):1\u2013156","journal-title":"Health Technol Asses"},{"issue":"1","key":"1303_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2014.13060787","volume":"172","author":"G Petrides","year":"2015","unstructured":"Petrides G, Malur C, Braga RJ et al (2015) Electroconvulsive therapy augmentation in cloz apine-resistant schizophrenia: a prospective, randomized study. Am J Psychiatry 172(1):52\u201358","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"key":"1303_CR5","first-page":"D11847","volume":"3","author":"DJ Sinclair","year":"2019","unstructured":"Sinclair DJ, Zhao S, Qi F et al (2019) Electroconvulsive therapy for treatment-resistant schizophrenia. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 3:D11847","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"issue":"4","key":"1303_CR6","first-page":"206","volume":"27","author":"W Wang","year":"2015","unstructured":"Wang W, Pu C, Jiang J et al (2015) Efficacy and safety of treating patients with refractory schizophrenia with antipsychotic medication and adjunctive electroconvulsive therapy: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Shanghai Arch Psychiatry 27(4):206\u2013219","journal-title":"Shanghai Arch Psychiatry"},{"issue":"10","key":"1303_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1000","DOI":"10.1177\/0004867417714952","volume":"51","author":"W Guo","year":"2017","unstructured":"Guo W, Liu F, Chen J et al (2017) Olanzapine modulates the default-mode network homogeneity in recurrent drug-free schizophrenia at rest. Aust N Z J Psychiatry 51(10):1000\u20131009","journal-title":"Aust N Z J Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1","key":"1303_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1016\/j.euroneuro.2016.11.002","volume":"27","author":"W Guo","year":"2017","unstructured":"Guo W, Liu F, Chen J et al (2017) Olanzapine modulation of long- and short-range functional connectivity in the resting brain in a sample of patients with schizophrenia. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 27(1):48\u201358","journal-title":"Eur Neuropsychopharmacol"},{"issue":"sup3","key":"1303_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S106","DOI":"10.1080\/15622975.2017.1346280","volume":"19","author":"W Guo","year":"2018","unstructured":"Guo W, Liu F, Chen J et al (2018) Treatment effects of olanzapine on homotopic connectivity in drug-free schizophrenia at rest. World J Biol Psychiatry 19(sup3):S106\u2013S114","journal-title":"World J Biol Psychiatry"},{"key":"1303_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Li H, Ou Y, Liu F et al (2019) Region-specific insular volumetric decreases in drug-naive, first-episode schizophrenia and their unaffected siblings. Am J Med Genet Part B Neuropsychiatr Genet (in press)","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.b.32765"},{"issue":"2","key":"1303_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1001\/archgenpsychiatry.2010.199","volume":"68","author":"BC Ho","year":"2011","unstructured":"Ho BC, Andreasen NC, Ziebell S, Pierson R, Magnotta V (2011) Long-term antipsychotic treatment and brain volumes: a longitudinal study of first-episode schizophrenia. Arch Gen Psychiatry 68(2):128\u2013137","journal-title":"Arch Gen Psychiatry"},{"key":"1303_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2012.00096","volume":"3","author":"D Mamah","year":"2012","unstructured":"Mamah D, Harms MP, Barch D, Styner M, Lieberman JA, Wang L (2012) Hippocampal shape and volume changes with antipsychotics in early stage psychotic illness. Front Psychiatry 3:96","journal-title":"Front Psychiatry"},{"issue":"11","key":"1303_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2005","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.2006.163.11.2005","volume":"163","author":"B Khorram","year":"2006","unstructured":"Khorram B, Lang DJ, Kopala LC et al (2006) Reduced thalamic volume in patients with chronic schizophrenia after switching from typical antipsychotic medications to olanzapine. Am J Psychiatry 163(11):2005\u20132007","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"key":"1303_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pscychresns.2019.01.003","volume":"286","author":"F Fan","year":"2019","unstructured":"Fan F, Xiang H, Tan S, Yang F, Fan H, Guo H et al (2019) Subcortical structures and cognitive dysfunction in first episode schizophrenia. Psychiatry Res Neuroimaging 286:69\u201375","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res Neuroimaging"},{"key":"1303_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1159\/000103575","volume":"55","author":"G Okugawa","year":"2007","unstructured":"Okugawa G, Nobuhara K, Takase K, Saito Y, Yoshimura M, Kinoshita T (2007) Olanzapine increases grey and white matter volumes in the caudate nucleus of patients with schizophrenia. Neuropsychobiology 55:43\u201346","journal-title":"Neuropsychobiology"},{"issue":"2","key":"1303_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"354","DOI":"10.1093\/schbul\/sbm168","volume":"34","author":"PH Hulshoff","year":"2008","unstructured":"Hulshoff PH, Kahn RS (2008) What happens after the first episode? A review of progressive brain changes in chronically ill patients with schizophrenia. Schizophr Bull 34(2):354\u2013366","journal-title":"Schizophr Bull"},{"issue":"1\u20133","key":"1303_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1016\/j.schres.2007.05.012","volume":"98","author":"RK McClure","year":"2008","unstructured":"McClure RK, Carew K, Greeter S, Maushauer E, Steen G, Weinberger DR (2008) Absence of regional brain volume change in schizophrenia associated with short-term atypical antipsychotic treatment. Schizophr Res 98(1\u20133):29\u201339","journal-title":"Schizophr Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"1303_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brs.2018.11.017","volume":"12","author":"A Sartorius","year":"2019","unstructured":"Sartorius A, Demirakca T, B\u00f6hringer A et al (2019) Electroconvulsive therapy induced gray matter increase is not necessarily correlated with clinical data in depressed patients. Brain Stimul 12(2):335\u2013343","journal-title":"Brain Stimul"},{"issue":"5","key":"1303_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2019.07.010","volume":"87","author":"OT Ousdal","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ousdal OT, Argyelan M, Narr KL et al (2020) Brain changes induced by electroconvulsive therapy are broadly distributed. Biol Psychiatry 87(5):451\u2013461","journal-title":"Biol Psychiatry"},{"key":"1303_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2016.06.059","volume":"205","author":"PC Mulders","year":"2016","unstructured":"Mulders PC, van Eijndhoven PF, Pluijmen J, Schene AH, Tendolkar I, Beckmann CF (2016) Default mode network coherence in treatment-resistant major depressive disorder during electroconvulsive therapy. J Affect Disord 205:130\u2013137","journal-title":"J Affect Disord"},{"key":"1303_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pscychresns.2017.04.001","volume":"264","author":"XM Kong","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kong XM, Xu SX, Sun Y et al (2017) Electroconvulsive therapy changes the regional resting state function measured by regional homogeneity (ReHo) and amplitude of low frequency fluctuations (ALFF) in elderly major depressive disorder patients: an exploratory study. Psychiatry Res Neuroimaging 264:13\u201321","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res Neuroimaging"},{"issue":"3","key":"1303_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"637","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brs.2017.01.578","volume":"10","author":"PA Thomann","year":"2017","unstructured":"Thomann PA, Wolf RC, Nolte HM et al (2017) Neuromodulation in response to electroconvulsive therapy in schizophrenia and major depression. Brain Stimul 10(3):637\u2013644","journal-title":"Brain Stimul"},{"key":"1303_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"254","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2018.09.009","volume":"89","author":"Y Jiang","year":"2019","unstructured":"Jiang Y, Xia M, Li X et al (2019) Insular changes induced by electroconvulsive therapy response to symptom improvements in schizophrenia. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 89:254\u2013262","journal-title":"Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry"},{"issue":"9","key":"1303_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1465","DOI":"10.1016\/j.euroneuro.2016.06.008","volume":"26","author":"RC Wolf","year":"2016","unstructured":"Wolf RC, Nolte HM, Hirjak D et al (2016) Structural network changes in patients with major depression and schizophrenia treated with electroconvulsive therapy. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 26(9):1465\u20131474","journal-title":"Eur Neuropsychopharmacol"},{"key":"1303_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.1016\/j.schres.2017.10.044","volume":"197","author":"H Huang","year":"2017","unstructured":"Huang H, Jiang Y, Xia M et al (2017) Increased resting-state global functional connectivity density of default mode network in schizophrenia subjects treated with electroconvulsive therapy. Schizophr Res 197:192\u2013199","journal-title":"Schizophr Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"1303_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brs.2018.11.006","volume":"12","author":"J Wang","year":"2019","unstructured":"Wang J, Tang Y, Curtin A et al (2019) ECT-induced brain plasticity correlates with positive symptom improvement in schizophrenia by voxel-based morphometry analysis of grey matter. Brain Stimul 12(2):319\u2013328","journal-title":"Brain Stimul"},{"issue":"7","key":"1303_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1475","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291711002157","volume":"42","author":"M Li","year":"2012","unstructured":"Li M, Chen Z, Deng W et al (2012) Volume increases in putamen associated with positive symptom reduction in previously drug-naive schizophrenia after 6 weeks antipsychotic treatment. Psychol Med 42(7):1475\u20131483","journal-title":"Psychol Med"},{"issue":"2\u20133","key":"1303_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1016\/j.schres.2009.06.022","volume":"113","author":"SA Mitelman","year":"2009","unstructured":"Mitelman SA, Canfield EL, Chu KW et al (2009) Poor outcome in chronic schizophrenia is associated with progressive loss of volume of the putamen. Schizophr Res 113(2\u20133):241\u2013245","journal-title":"Schizophr Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"1303_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pscychresns.2013.10.002","volume":"221","author":"NL Hutcheson","year":"2014","unstructured":"Hutcheson NL, Clark DG, Bolding MS, White DM, Lahti AC (2014) Basal ganglia volume in unmedicated patients with schizophrenia is associated with treatment response to antipsychotic medication. Psychiatry Res Neuroimaging 221(1):6\u201312","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res Neuroimaging"},{"issue":"4","key":"1303_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1236","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2007.03.068","volume":"36","author":"H Fujiwara","year":"2007","unstructured":"Fujiwara H, Hirao K, Namiki C et al (2007) Anterior cingulate pathology and social cognition in schizophrenia: a study of gray matter, white matter and sulcal morphometry. Neuroimage 36(4):1236\u20131245","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"issue":"1","key":"1303_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1016\/S0920-9964(01)00200-6","volume":"55","author":"T Takahashi","year":"2002","unstructured":"Takahashi T, Kawasaki Y, Kurokawa K et al (2002) Lack of normal structural asymmetry of the anterior cingulate gyrus in female patients with schizophrenia: a volumetric magnetic resonance imaging study. Schizophr Res 55(1):69\u201381","journal-title":"Schizophr Res"},{"issue":"11","key":"1303_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2515","DOI":"10.1038\/npp.2012.113","volume":"37","author":"E Alice","year":"2012","unstructured":"Alice E, Stefan B, Marie R et al (2012) Anterior cingulate glutamate levels related to clinical status following treatment in first-episode schizophrenia. Neuropsychopharmacology 37(11):2515\u20132521","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"issue":"11","key":"1303_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2145","DOI":"10.1038\/s41380-018-0082-9","volume":"23","author":"A Egerton","year":"2018","unstructured":"Egerton A, Broberg BV, Haren N et al (2018) Response to initial antipsychotic treatment in first episode psychosis is related to anterior cingulate glutamate levels: a multicentre 1 H-MRS study (OPTiMiSE). Mol Psychiatr 23(11):2145\u20132155","journal-title":"Mol Psychiatr"},{"issue":"13","key":"1303_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2675","DOI":"10.1038\/npp.2009.94","volume":"34","author":"AC Lahti","year":"2009","unstructured":"Lahti AC, Weiler MA, Holcomb HH, Tamminga CA, Cropsey KL (2009) Modulation of limbic circuitry predicts treatment response to antipsychotic medication: a functional imaging study in schizophrenia. Neuropsychopharmacology 34(13):2675\u20132690","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"issue":"10","key":"1303_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291717000137","volume":"47","author":"K Rhindress","year":"2017","unstructured":"Rhindress K, Robinson DG, Gallego JA, Wellington R, Malhotra AK, Szeszko PR (2017) Hippocampal subregion volume changes associated with antipsychotic treatment in first-episode psychosis. Psychol Med 47(10):1\u201313","journal-title":"Psychol Med"},{"key":"1303_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"799","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(03)12705-5","volume":"361","author":"G John","year":"2003","unstructured":"John G (2003) Efficacy and safety of electroconvulsive therapy in depressive disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet 361:799\u2013808","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"1303_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"244","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.npp.1301180","volume":"32","author":"HA Sackeim","year":"2007","unstructured":"Sackeim HA, Prudic J, Fuller R, Keilp J, Lavori PW, Olfson M (2007) The cognitive effects of electroconvulsive therapy in community settings. Neuropsychopharmacology 32:244\u2013254","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"key":"1303_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"408","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2015.15030372","volume":"173","author":"M Semkovska","year":"2016","unstructured":"Semkovska M, Landau S, Dunne R et al (2016) Bitemporal versus high-dose unilateral twice-weekly electroconvulsive therapy for depression (EFFECT-Dep): a pragmatic, randomized, non-inferiority trial. Am J Psychiatry 173:408\u2013417","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"key":"1303_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"518","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291716002737","volume":"47","author":"E Kolshus","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kolshus E, Jelovac A, McLoughlin DM (2017) Bitemporal v. high-dose right unilateral electroconvulsive therapy for depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Psychol Med 47:518\u2013530","journal-title":"Psychol Med"},{"key":"1303_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"568","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2010.06.009","volume":"68","author":"M Semkovska","year":"2010","unstructured":"Semkovska M, McLoughlin DM (2010) Objective cognitive performance associated with electroconvulsive therapy for depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Biol Psychiatry 68:568\u2013577","journal-title":"Biol Psychiatry"},{"key":"1303_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1097\/YCT.0000000000000466","volume":"34","author":"L Kalisova","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kalisova L, Madlova K, Albrecht J, Michalec J, Kubinova M, Raboch J (2018) Electroconvulsive therapy in the Czech Republic. J ECT 34:108\u2013112","journal-title":"J ECT"},{"key":"1303_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2020.12.002","volume":"133","author":"M Dominiak","year":"2021","unstructured":"Dominiak M, Antosik-Wojcinska AZ, Goetz Z et al (2021) Efficacy, safety and tolerability of formula-based unilateral vs bilateral electroconvulsive therapy in the treatment of major depression: a randomized open label controlled trial. J Psychiatr Res 133:52\u201359","journal-title":"J Psychiatr Res"},{"key":"1303_CR43","first-page":"75","volume":"5","author":"SA Ali","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ali SA, Mathur N, Malhotra AK, Braga RJ (2019) Electroconvulsive therapy and schizophrenia: a systematic review. Mol Neuropsychiatry 5:75\u201383","journal-title":"Mol Neuropsychiatry"},{"key":"1303_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eurpsy.2016.09.005","volume":"41","author":"S Bai","year":"2017","unstructured":"Bai S, Galvez V, Dokos S, Martin D, Bikson M, Loo C (2017) Computational models of bitemporal, bifrontal and right unilateral ECT predict differential stimulation of brain regions associated with efficacy and cognitive side effects. Eur Psychiatry 41:21\u201329","journal-title":"Eur Psychiatry"},{"issue":"2","key":"1303_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1503\/jpn.140322","volume":"41","author":"F Bouckaert","year":"2016","unstructured":"Bouckaert F, De Winter FL, Emsell L et al (2016) Grey matter volume increase following electroconvulsive therapy in patients with late life depression: a longitudinal MRI study. J Psychiatry Neurosci 41(2):105\u2013114","journal-title":"J Psychiatry Neurosci"},{"issue":"2","key":"1303_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1097\/YCT.0000000000000129","volume":"30","author":"F Bouckaert","year":"2014","unstructured":"Bouckaert F, Sienaert P, Obbels J et al (2014) ECT: its brain enabling effects: a review of electroconvulsive therapy-induced structural brain plasticity. J ECT 30(2):143\u2013151","journal-title":"J ECT"},{"issue":"5","key":"1303_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1016\/j.euroneuro.2008.12.007","volume":"19","author":"F Chen","year":"2009","unstructured":"Chen F, Madsen TM, Wegener G, Nyengaard JR (2009) Repeated electroconvulsive seizures increase the total number of synapses in adult male rat hippocampus. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 19(5):329\u2013338","journal-title":"Eur Neuropsychopharmacol"},{"issue":"1","key":"1303_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"552","DOI":"10.1097\/YCT.0b013e318205e1c0","volume":"27","author":"G Martinotti","year":"2011","unstructured":"Martinotti G, Ricci V, Di NM, Caltagirone C, Bria P, Angelucci F (2011) Brain-derived neurotrophic factor and electroconvulsive therapy in a schizophrenic patient with treatment-resistant paranoid-hallucinatory symptoms. J ECT 27(1):552\u2013555","journal-title":"J ECT"},{"key":"1303_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eurpsy.2016.03.005","volume":"36","author":"J Li","year":"2016","unstructured":"Li J, Ye F, Xiao W et al (2016) Increased serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor levels following electroconvulsive therapy or antipsychotic treatment in patients with schizophrenia. Eur Psychiatry 36:23\u201328","journal-title":"Eur Psychiatry"},{"issue":"4","key":"1303_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"420","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2003.08.013","volume":"55","author":"H Johan","year":"2004","unstructured":"Johan H, Malin WM, Johan B, Paul M, Anders TM (2004) Electroconvulsive seizures induce endothelial cell proliferation in adult rat hippocampus. Biol Psychiatry 55(4):420\u2013427","journal-title":"Biol Psychiatry"},{"issue":"6315","key":"1303_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"230","DOI":"10.1038\/350230a0","volume":"350","author":"C Hyman","year":"1991","unstructured":"Hyman C, Hofer M, Barde YA et al (1991) BDNF is a neurotrophic factor for dopaminergic neurons of the substantia nigra. Nature 350(6315):230\u2013232","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"1","key":"1303_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.npp.1300565","volume":"30","author":"TM Madsen","year":"2004","unstructured":"Madsen TM, Yeh DD, Valentine GW, Duman RS (2004) Electroconvulsive seizure treatment increases cell proliferation in rat frontal cortex. Neuropsychopharmacology 30(1):27\u201334","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"issue":"10","key":"1303_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1015","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(03)00693-0","volume":"54","author":"M Wennstr\u00f6m","year":"2003","unstructured":"Wennstr\u00f6m M, Hellsten J, Tingstr\u00f6m A (2003) Electroconvulsive seizures induce proliferation of NG2-expressing glial cells in adult rat amygdala. Biol Psychiatry 54(10):1015\u20131024","journal-title":"Biol Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"1303_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1016\/j.schres.2015.06.016","volume":"168","author":"JY Guo","year":"2015","unstructured":"Guo JY, Huhtaniska S, Miettunen J et al (2015) Longitudinal regional brain volume loss in schizophrenia: Relationship to antipsychotic medication and change in social function. Schizophr Res 168(1\u20132):297\u2013304","journal-title":"Schizophr Res"},{"issue":"9","key":"1303_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1409","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291709992297","volume":"40","author":"J Moncrieff","year":"2010","unstructured":"Moncrieff J, Leo J (2010) A systematic review of the effects of antipsychotic drugs on brain volume. Psychol Med 40(9):1409\u20131422","journal-title":"Psychol Med"},{"issue":"8","key":"1303_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1680","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2013.06.001","volume":"37","author":"P Fusar-Poli","year":"2013","unstructured":"Fusar-Poli P, Smieskova R, Kempton MJ, Ho BC, Andreasen NC, Borgwardt S (2013) Progressive brain changes in schizophrenia related to antipsychotic treatment? A meta-analysis of longitudinal MRI studies. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 37(8):1680\u20131691","journal-title":"Neurosci Biobehav Rev"},{"issue":"1","key":"1303_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.mp.4001556","volume":"10","author":"S Miyamoto","year":"2005","unstructured":"Miyamoto S, Duncan GE, Marx CE, Lieberman JA (2005) Treatments for schizophrenia: a critical review of pharmacology and mechanisms of action of antipsychotic drugs. Mol Psychiatry 10(1):79\u2013104","journal-title":"Mol Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1","key":"1303_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.4306\/pi.2017.14.1.58","volume":"14","author":"HS Kim","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kim HS, Kim SH, Lee NY et al (2017) Effectiveness of electroconvulsive therapy augmentation on clozapine-resistant schizophrenia. Psychiatry Investig 14(1):58\u201362","journal-title":"Psychiatry Investig"},{"issue":"4","key":"1303_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1097\/YCT.0b013e3181cb5e0f","volume":"26","author":"W Chanpattana","year":"2010","unstructured":"Chanpattana W, Sackeim HA (2010) Electroconvulsive therapy in treatment-resistant schizophrenia: prediction of response and the nature of symptomatic improvement. J ECT 26(4):289\u2013298","journal-title":"J ECT"},{"issue":"8","key":"1303_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"829","DOI":"10.30773\/pi.2018.05.15","volume":"15","author":"JH Kim","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kim JH, Youn T, Choi JG et al (2018) Combination of electroconvulsive therapy and clozapine in treatment-resistant schizophrenia. Psychiatry Investig 15(8):829\u2013835","journal-title":"Psychiatry Investig"}],"container-title":["European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00406-021-01303-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00406-021-01303-6\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00406-021-01303-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,5]],"date-time":"2023-02-05T05:07:02Z","timestamp":1675573622000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00406-021-01303-6"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,17]]},"references-count":60,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,10]]}},"alternative-id":["1303"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00406-021-01303-6","relation":{},"ISSN":["0940-1334","1433-8491"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0940-1334","type":"print"},{"value":"1433-8491","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,17]]},"assertion":[{"value":"9 March 2021","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"4 July 2021","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"17 July 2021","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"We declare that none of the authors holds any actual or potential conflict of interest for this study.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}]}}