{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T13:47:24Z","timestamp":1785419244358,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,1]],"date-time":"2025-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1751328000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,1]],"date-time":"2025-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1751328000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Universit\u00e4tsklinikum RWTH Aachen"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Intranasal esketamine (ESK) is a novel therapy option in patients with treatment-resistant depression (TRD). Patients with a history of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) non-response (ECT+) in the current episode have usually been excluded from previous studies. Data on the effectiveness of ESK in ECT non-responders are sparse.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      In this retrospective study, we investigated the effectiveness of intranasal ESK in real-world inpatients with (ECT+,\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200939) history of ECT non-response compared to patients who have not received an adequate course of ECT in their current episode (ECT-,\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200957). A factorial analysis of variance (ANOVA) has been used to determine the impact of ECT non-response on treatment outcome.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A total of\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200996 patients (mean age 47.0; 52.1% women) with TRD were included in this study. There was a significant main effect of history of ECT non-response on MADRS score in the ANOVA (F\u2009=\u200910.386,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.002). However, there was no significant interaction effect of time (pre-treatment, post-treatment)*history of ECT non-response in current episode (F\u2009=\u20092.166,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.143). The response (34.9% vs. 21.9%, \u03c72\u2009=\u20091.498,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.167) and remission rates (24.4% vs. 12.1%, \u03c72\u2009=\u20091.861,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.141) were none significantly lower in the ECT\u2009+\u2009group than in the ECT- group. There was significant improvement in MADRS and BDI-II in the ECT\u2009+\u2009group. No major safety concerns occurred during the study.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>There was no significant impact of ECT non-response on esketamine treatment outcome. Our results support the approach to offer esketamine to ECT non-responders given that the array of treatment alternatives is limited for these patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00406-025-02041-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,1]],"date-time":"2025-07-01T10:48:30Z","timestamp":1751366910000},"page":"2379-2387","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Intranasal esketamine significantly alleviates depression severity and suicidal ideations in electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) non-responders"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"275","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4261-7450","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Erhan","family":"Kavakbasi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kevin","family":"Rosemann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mert","family":"Yilmaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Helmut","family":"Berndt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bernhard T.","family":"Baune","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2041_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psc.2023.02.001","volume":"46","author":"KM Baig-Ward","year":"2023","unstructured":"Baig-Ward KM, Jha MK, Trivedi MH (2023) The individual and societal burden of Treatment-Resistant depression: an overview. 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BTB received speaker\/consultation fees from: AstraZeneca, Lundbeck, Pfizer, Takeda, Servier, Bristol Myers Squibb, Otsuka, LivaNova, Biogen, Angelini and Janssen-Cilag.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}]}}