{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]],"date-time":"2026-06-16T11:52:22Z","timestamp":1781610742200,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":5,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,21]],"date-time":"2026-01-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1768953600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,21]],"date-time":"2026-01-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1768953600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005713","name":"Technische Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005713","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Mental health issues are dimensional in nature, yet both ICD-11 and DSM-5 are categorical classifications, leaving many patients not fitting into them. Using Bavaria\u2019s \u201cfairy-tale\u201d king Ludwig II\u2014whose diagnosis remains debated\u2014as an example, we illustrate how the Problem-, Resources-, and Goal-Oriented (PRoGO) approach can lead to a better characterisation of patients and guide personalized treatment planning.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00406-025-02192-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,21]],"date-time":"2026-01-21T04:36:51Z","timestamp":1768970211000},"page":"1-5","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Problem-, resources- and goals-oriented (PRoGO) approach in psychiatry: illustrated by the case of Ludwig II of Bavaria"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"276","author":[{"given":"Stefan","family":"Leucht","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John M.","family":"Davis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kerem","family":"B\u00f6ge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amr","family":"ElDeeb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wolfgang","family":"Strube","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hans","family":"F\u00f6rstl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"2192_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"615","DOI":"10.1007\/s00115-012-3548-z","volume":"84","author":"D von Zerssen","year":"2013","unstructured":"von Zerssen D (2013) The advantage of a modern operational approach to the diagnosis of mental disorders. The case of the bavarian king ludwig ii--an example from biographical research. Nervenarzt 84:615\u2013623","journal-title":"Nervenarzt"},{"key":"2192_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0447.2008.01269.x","volume":"118","author":"H F\u00f6rstl","year":"2008","unstructured":"F\u00f6rstl H, Immler G, Seitz M, Hacker R (2008) Ludwig ii, king of bavaria: A royal medical history. Acta Psychiatr Scand 118:499\u2013502","journal-title":"Acta Psychiatr Scand"},{"key":"2192_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1149","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2024.2652","volume":"81","author":"S Leucht","year":"2024","unstructured":"Leucht S, van Os J, Jager M, Davis JM (2024) Prioritization of psychopathological symptoms and clinical characterization in psychiatric diagnoses: a narrative review. JAMA Psychiatr 81:1149\u20131158","journal-title":"JAMA Psychiatr"},{"key":"2192_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Leucht S, K\u00f6nig B, di Francesco A, Rodolico A, Priller J, B\u00f6ge K, Strube W, Gensichen J, Bechmann P, ElDeeb A, Hasan A, Moritz S, J\u00e4ger M, Leucht C, van Os J, Davis JM (2025) Enhancing mental health care: a problem, resources and goals oriented multidimensional framework (PRoGO). Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci online ahead of print","DOI":"10.1007\/s00406-025-02045-5"},{"key":"2192_CR5","unstructured":"Weed LL, Weed L (2011) Medicine in denial. CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform"}],"container-title":["European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00406-025-02192-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00406-025-02192-9","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00406-025-02192-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]],"date-time":"2026-06-16T11:05:22Z","timestamp":1781607922000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00406-025-02192-9"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,21]]},"references-count":5,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]}},"alternative-id":["2192"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00406-025-02192-9","relation":{},"ISSN":["0940-1334","1433-8491"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0940-1334","type":"print"},{"value":"1433-8491","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,21]]},"assertion":[{"value":"21 January 2026","order":1,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"In the last three years SL has received honoraria for advising\/consulting and\/or for lectures and\/or for educational material from Angelini, Apsen, Boehringer Ingelheim, Janssen, Karuna, Kynexis, Lundbeck, Medscape, Otsuka, Neurotorium, NovoNordisk, Orionpharma, Roche, Rovi, TEVA, outside this work. JMD, HF, KB, AE none to declare.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}]}}